硝酸铝
硝酸铝用途
用于制催化剂、媒染剂、皮革鞣剂、防腐蚀抑制剂、其他铝盐及在核工业中用作盐析剂
硝酸铝名称
[ CAS 号 ]:
13473-90-0
[ 中文名 ]:
硝酸铝
[ 英文名 ]:
Aluminum nitrate
[中文别名 ]:
[英文别名 ]:
- Aluminium trinitrate
- ALUMINIUMTRINITRATE
- MFCD00003419
- AL(NO3)3
- nitrato de aluminio
- Aluminiumnitrat8
- ALUMINUM NITRATE SOLUTION
- Nitric acid,alumium salt
- ALUMINIUM NITRATE
- Aluminum (III) nitrate (1:3)
硝酸铝物理化学性质
[ 密度 ]:
1.25
[ 沸点 ]:
83ºC at 760 mmHg
[ 熔点 ]:
73.5ºC
[ 分子式 ]:
AlN3O9
[ 分子量 ]:
212.996
[ 精确质量 ]:
212.944992
[ PSA ]:
206.64000
[ LogP ]:
1.18980
[ 外观性状 ]:
白色,结晶固体
[ 储存条件 ]:
库房通风低温干燥,轻装轻卸,与有机物、还原剂、硫、磷易燃物分开存放
[ 水溶解性 ]:
不同温度(℃)时每100毫升水中的溶解克数: 60g/0℃;66.7g/10℃;73.9g/20℃;81.8g/30℃;88.7g/40℃ 106g/60℃;132g/80℃;153g/90℃;160g/100℃
硝酸铝毒性和生态
CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION
- RTECS NUMBER :
- BD1040000
- CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
- 13473-90-0
- LAST UPDATED :
- 199712
- DATA ITEMS CITED :
- 22
- MOLECULAR FORMULA :
- N3-O9.Al
- MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
- 213.01
- WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
- .AL..N-O3*3
HEALTH HAZARD DATA
ACUTE TOXICITY DATA
- TYPE OF TEST :
- Standard Draize test
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Administration onto the skin
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rabbit
- REFERENCE :
- FCTOD7 Food and Chemical Toxicology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.20- 1982- Volume(issue)/page/year: 20,563,1982
- TYPE OF TEST :
- Standard Draize test
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Administration into the eye
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rabbit
- REFERENCE :
- FCTOD7 Food and Chemical Toxicology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.20- 1982- Volume(issue)/page/year: 20,573,1982
- TYPE OF TEST :
- Rinsed with water
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Administration into the eye
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rabbit
- REFERENCE :
- FCTOD7 Food and Chemical Toxicology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.20- 1982- Volume(issue)/page/year: 20,573,1982 ** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA **
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 3654 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- REFERENCE :
- MEESAW Medicina Espanola. (Calle Avellanas, 4, Valencia, 3, Spain) V.1- 1938- Volume(issue)/page/year: 83,155,1984
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intraperitoneal
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 281 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- REFERENCE :
- MEESAW Medicina Espanola. (Calle Avellanas, 4, Valencia, 3, Spain) V.1- 1938- Volume(issue)/page/year: 83,155,1984
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Unreported
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 280 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- REFERENCE :
- GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 43(4),12,1978
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Unreported
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 370 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- REFERENCE :
- GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 43(4),12,1978 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-TWA 2 mg(Al)/m3 DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 2 mg(Al)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 2 mg(Al)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 2 mg(Al)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 2 mg(Al)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 2 mg(Al)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:TWA 2 mg(Al)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 2 mg(Al)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 2 mg(Al)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 2 mg(Al)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 81695 No. of Facilities: 196 (estimated) No. of Industries: 5 No. of Occupations: 7 No. of Employees: 818 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 81695 No. of Facilities: 3529 (estimated) No. of Industries: 26 No. of Occupations: 23 No. of Employees: 34925 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 2769 (estimated)
硝酸铝安全信息
[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
Xi:Irritant
[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R8;R36/37/38
[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S17-S26
[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN 1438
[ 包装等级 ]:
III
[ 危险类别 ]:
5.1
[ 海关编码 ]:
2834299090
硝酸铝制备
1.合成法：将金属铝板用10%烧碱溶液清洗除去表面油污后，用水冲洗，放入带搅拌的反应器中，加入少量氧化汞作氧化剂，再缓慢加入约38%稀硝酸，用蒸汽加热使反应在110~115℃下进行2h，生成反应溶液浓度为25～32°Bé，经澄清、过滤，滤液经蒸发浓缩至45～47°Bé，再经冷却结晶、离心分离，制得硝酸铝成品。其反应式如下：
Ａｌ＋６ＨＮＯ３→Ａｌ（ＮＯ３）３＋３Ｈ２Ｏ＋３ＮＯ２↑
母液送至蒸发器循环使用。反应时放出的二氧化氮气体用碱液吸收可副产亚硝酸钠或硝酸钠。
2.铝灰硝酸法：将烧碱溶液和铝灰加入反应器中进行反应生成铝酸钠后，加硝酸进行反应生成氢氧化铝和硝酸钠，反应液经过滤后，将氢氧化铝加硝酸溶解而成硝酸铝溶液，再经过滤、蒸发浓缩、冷却结晶、离心分离，制得硝酸铝成品。其反应式如下：
２Ａｌ＋２ＮａＯＨ＋２Ｈ２Ｏ→２ＮａＡｌＯ２＋３Ｈ２
ＮａＡｌＯ２＋ＨＮＯ３＋Ｈ２Ｏ→Ａｌ（ＯＨ）３＋ＮａＮＯ３
２Ａｌ（ＯＨ）３＋６ＨＮＯ３→２Ａｌ（ＮＯ３）３＋６Ｈ２Ｏ
硝酸铝海关
[ 海关编码 ]: 2834299090
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