The inductive and resonance efects of the pentafluoroethyl, nonafluoro-n-butyl, and heptafluoroisopropyl groups determined from pK, measurements on benzoic acids and anilines are similar to those of a tri3uoromethyl group. These results are discussed in terms of fluoride ion hyperconjugation and n-inductive efect, and a new explanation is proposed for the+ R character of the fluoroalkyl groups. The interaction of p-electrons of the fluorines ...