A variety of aminoarenes react with aliphatic aldehydes in the presence of a catalytic amount of a rhodium complex and an excess amount of the corresponding nitroarenes at 180° C to give 2-alkyl-and 2, 3-dialkyl-substituted quinolines in excellent yields. Among the rhodium complexes examined,[Rh (norbornadiene) Cl] 2 exhibits the highest activity as a catalyst. Thus, 2-methyl-, 2-ethyl-3-methyl-, 2-propyl-3-ethyl-, and 2-butyl-3-propylquinoline ...