In this research, a series of one-dimensional controllable crosslinked polymers with the different mass ratio of 4-vinylbenzychloride (VBC) and divinyl benzene (DVB) were prepared by cationic polymerization and grafted with functional monomer of N-methy-D-glucamine (NMDG) for boron removal. The optimum polymeric mass ratio and a series of boron adsorption performance were studied. The maximum adsorption capacity was up to 18.15 mg/g, and the adsorption capacity could retain 94% after 4 cycles, meanwhile, different pH values had little effect on boron adsorption capacity, which is favorable for boron removal from the aqueous solution in a wide pH window. In addition, magnetic adsorbent was prepared by the combination of Fe3O4 nanoparticles and the polymer, which provided an effective way to collect and recover the adsorbents from the aqueous solution.