1 the bulk of the bicyclic system but, apart from any ponderal effect, independent of X, and so changing the substituent X will allow the nonconjugative polar effect of X to be studied in suitable reactions. Roberts, et a1., 2* 3 Holtz and S to~ k,~,~ Ritchie, et~ 1.~~ 8~ and Wilcox, et have used this system in investigations of polar and solvent effects. We wished to extend previous work on the kinetics of alkaline ester hydrolysis to 4-substituted 1- ...