Abstract Three γ effects on 13 C shielding in 3, 3-dimethylheteracyclohexanes as a function of the hetero-atom X have been examined. The γ-anti effect on the equatorial 3-methyl group is small in absolute magnitude but strongly dependent on the polar properties of X. The plot of the 13 C shielding of this carbon vs the electronegativity of X is linear, with a slope of− 5.8 ppm/electronegativity unit. The γ-gauche effects on the axial 3-methyl group and on the 4- ...
