Hantzsch 1, 4-dihydropyridines (1, 4-DHPs) are useful as vasodilators, bronchodilator and anti-hypertensive, hepta-protective, anti-tumor, anti-mutagenic, gero-protective and antidiabetic agents. 1 Nifedipine, nitrendipine and nimodipine for example have found commercial utility as calcium channel blockers. 2–4 A number of DHP calcium antagonists have been introduced for the treatment of congestive heart failure5, 6 some DHPs have ...
