We have developed an efficient method for the synthesis of benzimidazoles via cascade reactions of o-haloacetoanilide derivatives with amidine hydrochlorides. The protocol uses 10 mol% CuBr as the catalyst, Cs2CO3 as the base, and DMSO as the solvent, and no ligand is required. The procedure proceeds via the sequential coupling of o- haloacetoanilide derivatives with amidines, hydrolysis of the intermediates (amides), and ...
[Selvam, Kaliyamoorthy; Annadhasan, Mari; Velmurugan, Rengasamy; Swaminathan, Meenakshisundaram Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan, 2010 , vol. 83, # 7 p. 831 - 837]