Tylosin (1), produced by Streptomyces fradiae, is an important drug used to treat veterinary Gram-positive and mycoplasma infections as well as to promote livestock growth. 1 This macrolide antibiotic is composed of a polyketide aglycon (tylactone) and three unusual sugarssmycaminose (2), mycarose (3), and mycinose (4). Extensive genetic and phenotypic complementation studies have led to several classes of blocked mutants, revealing the ...