四硼酸钠,十水_MSDS_作用_用途_CAS号【1303-96-4】

十水四硼酸钠可用作辅料,如防腐剂、媒染剂等。药用辅料,或称药用辅料,是指除药物成分外,在制药过程中使用的其他化学物质。药用辅料一般是指药物制剂中的非活性成分,可以提高药物制剂的稳定性、溶解性和加工性。药用赋形剂还影响共同给药药物的吸收、分布、代谢和消除(ADME)过程[1]。

1. 抑菌作用　有报告指出, 硼砂为一弱碱，其与硼酸一样有弱的抑菌作用．用平板法使培养基中含10%的硼砂, 对大肠杆菌、绿脓杆菌、炭疽杆菌、福氏痢疾杆菌、志贺痢疾杆菌、伤寒杆菌、副伤寒杆菌、变形杆菌及葡萄球菌、白色念珠菌均有抑制作用；用纸片法证明，硼砂还能抑制白喉杆菌、牛型布氏杆菌、肺炎双球菌、脑膜炎球菌及溶血性链球菌等．
2. 抗惊厥及抗癫痫作用实验证明：硼砂给小鼠灌服130mg/kg～260mg/kg有抗惊厥作用, 该作用可随给药次数的增加而逐渐增强，最大抗惊厥作用产生于给药后1周左右．注射给药可加速其抗惊厥作用的产生．腹腔注射260mg/kg, 可对抗电惊厥，其对抗率为100%．配合其他抗癫痫药物, 硼砂能迅速控制癫痫大发作及癫痫持续状态．
3. 其他作用　硼砂尚有防腐及保护皮肤黏膜的作用．临床可以用本品冲洗溃疡、脓肿，特别是黏膜发炎, 如结膜炎、胃炎等，因其为碱性, 可使黏膜去垢；口服用于尿道杀菌，特别是尿为酸性时, 可使之成为碱性。

[ 描述 ]:

十水四硼酸钠可用作辅料,如防腐剂、媒染剂等。药用辅料,或称药用辅料,是指除药物成分外,在制药过程中使用的其他化学物质。药用辅料一般是指药物制剂中的非活性成分,可以提高药物制剂的稳定性、溶解性和加工性。药用赋形剂还影响共同给药药物的吸收、分布、代谢和消除(ADME)过程[1]。

[ 相关类别 ]:

研究领域 >> 其他

信号通路 >> 其他 >> 其他

[参考文献]

[1]. Elder DP, et al. Pharmaceutical excipients - quality, regulatory and biopharmaceutical considerations. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2016 May 25;87:88-99.

[ 密度 ]:
1.73 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)

[ 沸点 ]:
320°C

[ 熔点 ]:
75 °C

[ 分子式 ]:
B₄H₂₀Na₂O₁₇

[ 分子量 ]:
381.37

[ 精确质量 ]:
382.086823

[ PSA ]:
184.57000

[ 外观性状 ]:
无色至灰色-白色晶体或粉末

[ 储存条件 ]:
库房通风低温干燥

[ 水溶解性 ]:
60 G/L (20 ºC)

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: VZ2275000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Sodium borate, decahydrate

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 1303-96-4

LAST UPDATED :: 199712

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 36

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: B4-O7.2Na.10H2-O

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 381.42

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: NA B-O2

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - infant

DOSE/DURATION :: 1 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :: 709 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Cardiac - change in rate Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 2660 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 2 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 2711 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex) Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral - muscle contraction or spasticity

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 1320 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 3 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 150 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :: 5330 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 70 gm/kg/90D-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Brain and Coverings - changes in brain weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain Related to Chronic Data - changes in testicular weight

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 377 gm/kg/2Y-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Blood - pigmented or nucleated red blood cells Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain Related to Chronic Data - changes in testicular weight

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 18524 mg/kg/70D-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Endocrine - changes in spleen weight Blood - other changes Related to Chronic Data - changes in testicular weight

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 35 gm/kg/90D-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Liver - changes in liver weight Endocrine - changes in thyroid weight Related to Chronic Data - changes in testicular weight

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 70 gm/kg

SEX/DURATION :: male 90 day(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, sperm duct

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 70 gm/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 90 day(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Maternal Effects - ovaries, fallopian tubes

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 37 gm/kg

SEX/DURATION :: multigenerations

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - weaning or lactation index (e.g., # alive at weaning per # alive at day 4)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 70 gm/kg

SEX/DURATION :: male 26 week(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, sperm duct

TYPE OF TEST :: Specific locus test

MUTATION DATA

TEST SYSTEM :: Insect - Drosophila melanogaster

REFERENCE :: SOGEBZ Soviet Genetics. English translation of GNKAA5. (Plenum Pub. Corp., 233 Spring St., New York, NY 10013) V.2- 1966- Volume(issue)/page/year: 10,601,1974 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-TWA 5 mg/m3 DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** EPA FIFRA 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,7740,1989 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 2 mg/m3;STEL 5 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO BORATES, decahydrate-air:10H TWA 5 mg/m3 REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - T1956 No. of Facilities: 29342 (estimated) No. of Industries: 196 No. of Occupations: 132 No. of Employees: 442072 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 88646 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X6986 No. of Facilities: 143 (estimated) No. of Industries: 3 No. of Occupations: 4 No. of Employees: 1615 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 53 (estimated)

[ 符号 ]:

GHS08

[ 信号词 ]:
Danger

[ 危害声明 ]:
H360FD

[ 警示性声明 ]:
P201-P280-P308 + P313

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
Eyeshields;full-face particle respirator type N100 (US);Gloves;respirator cartridge type N100 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter;type P3 (EN 143) respirator cartridges

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
Xn:Harmful

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R62

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
22-24/25-36/37

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN 1458

[ WGK德国 ]:
1

[ RTECS号 ]:
VZ2275000

[ 包装等级 ]:
II

[ 危险类别 ]:
3

[ 海关编码 ]:
28401990

1.碳碱法将预处理的硼矿粉与碳酸钠溶液混合，在碳解器内进行反应，加入碳酸钠的量为理论量的105%～110%。碳解器是夹套加热，反应压力控制在0.5～0.6 Mpa、温度130～135℃，反应时间13～15 h，二氧化碳浓度为25%～30%，可直接使用经净化后的窑气。碳解后的料浆经过滤除去残渣，逆流洗涤，所得清溶液经浓缩(如果经逆流洗涤溶液浓度达到要求则不用浓缩)，冷却结晶、离心分离、干燥，制得硼砂成品。其反应方程式为：

2.加压碱解法将预处理的硼矿粉与氢氧化钠溶液混合(氢氧化钠量为理论量的160%～200%)，在装有搅拌器的碱解器内加温加压使之分解，反应压力0.4 Mpa，反应时间6～8 h，碱解后的料浆用叶片真空过滤机过滤和逆流洗涤，然后通人二氧化碳进行碳化。碳化完成液再经冷却结晶、分离、干燥，制得硼砂成品。其反应方程式为：

3.一般以工业硼砂为原料，在高纯水中加热溶解，完全溶解后，保持真空抽滤，除去不溶性杂质。滤液送至结晶槽进行冷却结晶，结晶液冷却到接近室温时，进行离心分离、洗涤，最后干燥即得成品。 4.使纯硼酸水溶液与化学计量的精制碳酸钠反应，所得结晶粗品用合成十水合四硼酸钠的方法精制。水溶液的相对密度为1.19～1.24者，或从80℃的饱和水溶液在65～70℃令其徐徐结晶，即可制得五水合物。将水合物加热至400℃以上，即可制得无水物。首先在水蒸气浴上干燥，再在空气浴中加热至200℃左右，最后在电炉中加热至700℃，即可制得无水物。
5. 将120ｇ无水碳酸钠溶于1080mL水中，加入100ｇ硼酸，搅拌溶解、过滤，滤液浓缩至相对密度为1.16时，冷却。吸滤出结晶。将其溶于300mL热水中，用滤纸过滤到用冰冷却的瓷皿中。用玻璃棒不断搅拌溶液，析出十水合物结晶粉末。抽滤，用少量冷水洗涤结晶。再溶于水重结晶，得到的结晶于空气中干燥2～3天。产物为十水合物。
5. 将硼酸加到10%的碳酸钠溶液中搅拌溶解，并进行反应：过滤，滤液加热浓缩至密度为1.16时进行冷却，吸滤出结晶，用少量冷水洗涤，再进行重结晶，得到的结晶于空气中干燥，产物为十水合四硼酸钠。
6．欲制备无水物，可将十水合物置水蒸气浴上干燥，再加热至200℃，最后在电炉内于700℃脱水熔融，冷却后得到固体玻璃状的无水四硼酸钠。 7. 工业生产无水硼砂的原料为十水四硼酸钠。将其放在熔融炉里,进行减压熔融脱水,脱水温度在7 5 0℃以上。熔融硼砂由熔融炉底部流出,冷却后粉碎至要求粒度即为成品。 8. 硼酸精制重结晶法　将工业硼酸溶于蒸馏水中，再经除杂提纯，过滤，结晶，分离，洗涤，干燥即得。

[ 海关编码 ]: 28401990

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