高岭土
高岭土用途
高岭土名称
[ CAS 号 ]:
1332-58-7
[ 中文名 ]:
高岭土
[ 英文名 ]:
clay
[中文别名 ]:
[英文别名 ]:
- EINECS 265-064-6
- Kaowool
- Kaolin(superfine)
- Kaoline
- SP-33
- REDCLAY
- Buca
- Argilla
- organically modified
- Catalpo
高岭土生物活性
[ 描述 ]:
[ 相关类别 ]:
[参考文献]
高岭土物理化学性质
[ 密度 ]:
2.6 g/cm3
[ 熔点 ]:
1750ºC
[ 分子式 ]:
Al2H6O9Si2
[ 分子量 ]:
260.17600
[ 精确质量 ]:
259.91800
[ PSA ]:
114.43000
[ 外观性状 ]:
灰白色粉末
[ 折射率 ]:
1.62
[ 储存条件 ]:
室温
高岭土MSDS
高岭土毒性和生态
CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION
- RTECS NUMBER :
- GF1670500
- CHEMICAL NAME :
- Clay (kaolin)
- CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
- 1332-58-7
- LAST UPDATED :
- 199712
HEALTH HAZARD DATA
ACUTE TOXICITY DATA
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- DOSE :
- 590 gm/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 37 day(s) pre-mating female 1-22 day(s) after conception
- REFERENCE :
- JONUAI Journal of Nutrition. (Subscription Dept., 9650 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20014) V.1- 1928- Volume(issue)/page/year: 107,2020,1977 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-Not classifiable as a human carcinogen DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 2 mg/m3, respirable dust DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 2 mg/m3, total dust DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD:NUISANCE PARTICULATES DTLWS* "Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values for Substances in Workroom Air," Supplements. For publisher information, see 85INA8. Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,21,1973 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 15 mg/m3, total dust CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 5 mg/m3, respirable fraction CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 15 mg/m3, total dust CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 5 mg/m3, respirable fraction CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 15 mg/m3, total dust CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 5 mg/m3, respirable fraction CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 10 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 10 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 10 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 10 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 6 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO KAOLIN, respirable fraction-air:10H TWA 5 mg/m3 REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO KAOLIN, total dust-air:10H TWA 10 mg/m3 REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 41775 No. of Facilities: 14181 (estimated) No. of Industries: 111 No. of Occupations: 88 No. of Employees: 155396 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X1959 No. of Facilities: 3 (estimated) No. of Industries: 1 No. of Occupations: 1 No. of Employees: 17 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X6880 No. of Facilities: 1734 (estimated) No. of Industries: 23 No. of Occupations: 24 No. of Employees: 25166 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 3162 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X9449 No. of Facilities: 7 (estimated) No. of Industries: 1 No. of Occupations: 2 No. of Employees: 1354 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X9507 No. of Facilities: 62 (estimated) No. of Industries: 1 No. of Occupations: 1 No. of Employees: 125 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 41775 No. of Facilities: 43700 (estimated) No. of Industries: 240 No. of Occupations: 156 No. of Employees: 745593 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 114032 (estimated)
高岭土安全信息
[ 个人防护装备 ]:
Eyeshields;Gloves;type N95 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter
[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
Xn
[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
22-24/25
[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
NONH for all modes of transport
[ RTECS号 ]:
GF1670500
高岭土制备
为分离高岭土中的石英、长石、云母、铁矿物、钛矿物等非黏土矿物及有机质,生产出能满足各工业领域需求的高岭土产品,除了采用重选、浮选、磁选等对高岭土进行提纯除杂外,有时还要采用化学漂白、超细剥片、煅烧、表面改性等深加工方法对高岭土进行处理。高岭土的选矿加工分为干法和湿法两种工艺。
(1)干法一般是将采出的原矿经过破碎机破碎至25mm左右,给入笼式破碎机中,使粒度减小至6mm左右。碎后的矿石再经配有离心分离机和旋风除尘器的吹气式雷蒙磨进一步磨细。该工艺可将大部分砂石除去,适用于加工那些原矿白度高、砂石含量低、粒度分布适宜的矿石。干法加工生产成本低,产品通常用于橡胶、塑料及造纸等工业的低价填料。
(2)湿法加工工艺一般将原矿破碎后,经过捣浆、除砂、旋流器分级、剥片、离心机分级、磁选(或漂白)、浓缩、压滤、干燥即可,这样得到的产品可用于陶瓷或造纸涂料。如果制备填料级或造纸涂料级高岭土则需要增加煅烧工艺,即原矿粉碎、捣浆、旋流器分级、剥片、离心分级、浓缩、压滤、内蒸干燥、煅烧、解聚等。
(3)煅烧法 煅烧是为生产特殊高岭土产品而广泛应用的方法。它有4个煅烧温度范围:500~700℃、925℃、1000℃、1400℃。在不同温度下煅烧,所得的产品应用范围也不同,只脱除羟基的煅烧高岭土用作电缆塑料和橡胶密封圈的填料;经1000℃煅烧的高岭土可代Tio2,用作纸张填料;经过1300~1525℃煅烧的高岭土可用作耐火制品的填料、光学玻璃坩埚内衬等。
(4)剥片法 为了制取涂料级高岭土产品,必须把较厚的叠层状高岭土剥成薄片,剥片的方法有湿法研磨、挤压和化学药剂浸泡法。
①湿法研磨法 将高岭土配制成固体气量40%左右的矿浆,加入分散剂后,添加有研磨介质(如石英砂、瓷珠、玻璃珠、尼龙聚乙烯珠等)的研磨机内,研磨一定时间后、过筛,再经沉淀分级即得。
②挤压法 将高岭土矿浆送至高压均浆器中,将高压均浆器加压到20~35Mpa,然后由喷嘴喷出,由于压力突然降低,使高岭土晶体叠层“松动”。高速喷出的料浆喷射到叶轮上,突然改变运动方向,使松动的晶体叠层发生剥离。
③化学药剂浸泡法 用尿素的饱和溶液浸泡高岭土粉,同时加热至30~80℃,再添加少量的分散剂,使高岭土充分分散后,进行高速搅拌,从而使晶体叠层剥离。也可用联苯胺、乙酰胺等代替尿素。
将AlCl3的中性水溶液与Na2SiO3按照1∶0.75到1∶5的比例混合,产生沉淀。在110℃下干燥,即得到Al2O3·2SiO2·2H2O。
(5) 将高岭土磨细,洗涤去砂,用无机酸处理,水洗至近中性,在3 3 0℃以上脱水而成
高岭土文献
Ultrason. Sonochem. 20(3) , 914-23, (2013)
The present work deals with the removal of Brilliant Green dye from wastewater using a poly(acrylic acid) hydrogel composite (PAA-K hydrogel) prepared by incorporation of kaoline clay. The composite h...
The effect of switchable water additives on clay settling.ChemSusChem 6(1) , 132-40, (2013)
The recycling of process water from strip mining extractions is a very relevant task both industrially and environmentally. The sedimentation of fine tailings during such processes, however, can often...
Sorption and transport studies of cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and Triton X-100 in clayey soil.J. Environ. Sci. (China) 25(3) , 576-84, (2013)
Surfactants are soil washing agents and facilitators for subsurface remediation of hydrocarbon spills. It is important to understand the sorption and transport behavior of surfactants for enhanced soi...
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