12174-11-7

• 常用中文名：凹凸棒石
• 常用英文名：ATTAPULGITE
• CAS号：12174-11-7
• 分子式：Al₂H₆Mg₃O₁₈Si₆
• 分子量：589.42800
• 相关类别： 化学试剂 硅烷试剂
• 发布时间：2018-07-21 17:13:09
• 更新时间：2024-01-05 10:27:19
• 凹凸棒石黏土矿以凹凸棒石为主要矿物组分。在化学工业中主要用作尿素和粒状肥料的凝固防止剂、橡胶的加工助剂、聚酯树脂的黏土触变增稠剂、农药的载体、二氨基苯甲烷和二氯乙烷的催化剂、塑料的填充剂和发泡灵脱色剂等。

名称

• 中文名: 阿塔凝胶
• 英文名: attapulgite
• 中文别名: 凹凸棒
• 英文别名: attapulg; attasorb; Attaclay; zeogel; DILUEX; rvm-fg; Attagel; x250; Permagel; attacote

物化性质

• 分子式: Al₂H₆Mg₃O₁₈Si₆
• 分子量: 589.42800
• 闪点: n/a
• 精确质量: 587.73500
• PSA: 379.14000
• 外观性状: 固体
• 储存条件:

  同“石膏”

• 稳定性:

  凹凸棒石是一种具层链状结构的含水富镁硅酸盐黏土矿物，因最早发现于美国佐治亚州凹凸堡而得名。单斜晶系，晶体为棒状、纤维状，内部多孔道、表面多沟槽，外表面与内表面均发达，可让阳离子、水分子和一定大小的有机分子进入。颜色视杂质情况可呈现白色、浅灰色、浅绿色或浅褐色。硬度2～3，加热至700～800℃时，硬度＞5。密度2.05～2.30 g/cm³。土状光泽。易浮于水面。裂片平坦能弯曲有韧性。干燥时具有很强的吸水性。凹凸棒石黏土的吸蓝量、胶质价和膨胀容低于蒙脱石黏土；其凹凸棒石含量越高，吸附脱色力越强。可交换阳离子。在含水的情况下具有高的可塑性，在高温和盐水中稳定性良好。在水中不膨胀或膨胀性很小。由含镁的火山岩和石灰岩风化形成；亦是湖相沉积、泻湖海湾沉积和海相沉积的产物，常与蒙脱石海泡石、白云石等组成混合物形成黏土层。

• 计算化学:

  1.疏水参数计算参考值（XlogP）:无

  2.氢键供体数量:15

  3.氢键受体数量:15

  4.可旋转化学键数量:0

  5.互变异构体数量:无

  6.拓扑分子极性表面积15

  7.重原子数量:23

  8.表面电荷:-1

  9.复杂度:0

  10.同位素原子数量:0

  11.确定原子立构中心数量:0

  12.不确定原子立构中心数量:0

  13.确定化学键立构中心数量:0

  14.不确定化学键立构中心数量:0

  15.共价键单元数量:23

• 更多:

  1.性状：颜色视杂质情况可呈现白色、浅灰色、浅绿色或浅褐色

  2.密度：2.05~2.30 g/cm3

  3.硬度：>5

毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION RTECS NUMBER : RT6400000 CHEMICAL NAME : Palygorskite CAS REGISTRY NUMBER : 12174-11-7 LAST UPDATED : 199710 HEALTH HAZARD DATA ACUTE TOXICITY DATA TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 10 mg/m3/6H/13W-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors REFERENCE : BJIMAG British Journal of Industrial Medicine. (British Medical Journal, Box 560B, Kennebunkport, ME 04046) V.1- 1944- Volume(issue)/page/year: 44,749,1987 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 338 mg/kg/2W-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application REFERENCE : ZHPMAT Zentralblatt fuer Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene, Abteilung 1: Originale, Reihe B: Hygiene, Krankenhaushygiene, Betriebshygiene, Praeventive Medizin. (Stuttgart, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.155-169, 1971-1979. For publisher information, see ZAOMDC. Volume(issue)/page/year: 162,467,1976 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Implant SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 200 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application REFERENCE : JJIND8 JNCI, Journal of the National Cancer Institute. (Washington, DC) V.61-79, 1978-87. For publisher information, see JNCIEQ. Volume(issue)/page/year: 67,965,1981 *** REVIEWS *** IARC Cancer Review:Animal Limited Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 42,159,1987 IARC Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient (>5um) IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 68,245,1997 IARC Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 42,159,1987 IARC Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 68,245,1997 IARC Cancer Review:Animal Inadequate (<5um) IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 68,245,1997 IARC Cancer Review:Group 2B (fibre >5um) IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 68,245,1997 IARC Cancer Review:Group 3 (fibre >5um) IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 68,245,1997 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X2204 No. of Facilities: 576 (estimated) No. of Industries: 8 No. of Occupations: 9 No. of Employees: 8199 (estimated)

制备

我国目前开采矿山不多，开采规模和产量都不大。多为露天开采，机械化程度较低。常用的选矿方法是手选，有时也用筛选法除去一部分较粗杂质。凹凸棒石黏土的加工工艺大致分为挤压、研磨、热处理、添加分散剂及表面活性剂四个步骤。