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Vms1 and ANKZF1 peptidyl-tRNA hydrolases release nascent chains from stalled ribosomes
10.1038/s41586-018-0022-5 2018-04-09 Ribosomal surveillance pathways scan for ribosomes that are transiently paused or terminally stalled owing to structural elements in mRNAs or nascent chain sequences1, 2. Some stalls in budding yeast are sensed by the GTPase Hbs1, which loads Dom34, a catalyt... |
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Fatal swine acute diarrhoea syndrome caused by an HKU2-related coronavirus of bat origin
10.1038/s41586-018-0010-9 2018-04-04 Cross-species transmission of viruses from wildlife animal reservoirs poses a marked threat to human and animal health1. Bats have been recognized as one of the most important reservoirs for emerging viruses and the transmission of a coronavirus that originat... |
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Crystal structures of the gastric proton pump
10.1038/s41586-018-0003-8 2018-04-04 The gastric proton pump—the H+, K+-ATPase—is a P-type ATPase responsible for acidifying the gastric juice down to pH 1. This corresponds to a million-fold proton gradient across the membrane of the parietal cell, the steepest known cation gradient of any mamm... |
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The evolutionary history of vertebrate RNA viruses
10.1038/s41586-018-0012-7 2018-04-04 Our understanding of the diversity and evolution of vertebrate RNA viruses is largely limited to those found in mammalian and avian hosts and associated with overt disease. Here, using a large-scale meta-transcriptomic approach, we discover 214 vertebrate-ass... |
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Accelerated increase in plant species richness on mountain summits is linked to warming
10.1038/s41586-018-0005-6 2018-04-04 Globally accelerating trends in societal development and human environmental impacts since the mid-twentieth century1,2,3,4,5,6,7 are known as the Great Acceleration and have been discussed as a key indicator of the onset of the Anthropocene epoch6. While rep... |
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Characterization of the 1S–2S transition in antihydrogen
10.1038/s41586-018-0017-2 2018-04-04 In 1928, Dirac published an equation1 that combined quantum mechanics and special relativity. Negative-energy solutions to this equation, rather than being unphysical as initially thought, represented a class of hitherto unobserved and unimagined particles—an... |
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Structure of photosynthetic LH1–RC supercomplex at 1.9 Å resolution
10.1038/s41586-018-0002-9 2018-04-04 Light-harvesting complex 1 (LH1) and the reaction centre (RC) form a membrane-protein supercomplex that performs the primary reactions of photosynthesis in purple photosynthetic bacteria. The structure of the LH1–RC complex can provide information on the arra... |
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Cryo-EM structure of the Blastochloris viridis LH1–RC complex at 2.9 Å
10.1038/s41586-018-0014-5 2018-04-04 The light-harvesting 1–reaction centre (LH1–RC) complex is a key functional component of bacterial photosynthesis. Here we present a 2.9 Å resolution cryo-electron microscopy structure of the bacteriochlorophyll b-based LH1–RC complex from Blastochloris virid... |
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Distributed hepatocytes expressing telomerase repopulate the liver in homeostasis and injury
10.1038/s41586-018-0004-7 2018-04-04 Hepatocytes are replenished gradually during homeostasis and robustly after liver injury1, 2. In adults, new hepatocytes originate from the existing hepatocyte pool3,4,5,6,7,8, but the cellular source of renewing hepatocytes remains unclear. Telomerase is exp... |
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Advanced maturation of human cardiac tissue grown from pluripotent stem cells
10.1038/s41586-018-0016-3 2018-04-04 Cardiac tissues generated from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can serve as platforms for patient-specific studies of physiology and disease1,2,3,4,5,6. However, the predictive power of these models is presently limited by the immature state of t... |