putrescine

1,4-Butanediamine is an indicator of pollution-induced stress in higher plants: barley and rape stressed with Cr(III) or Cr(VI). 1,4-Butanediamine is an important source of GABA.

Natural Products >> Others

Research Areas >> Others

Human Endogenous Metabolite

1,4-Butanediamine (Putrescine) is an important source of GABA in the postnatal rat subventricular zone. GABA synthesis from an alternative pathway uses 1,4-Butanediamine as a precursor.

[1]. Hauschild MZ. Putrescine (1,4-diaminobutane) as an indicator of pollution-induced stress in higher plants: barley and rape stressed with Cr(III) or Cr(VI). Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 1993 Oct;26(2):228-47.

[2]. Sequerra EB, et al. Putrescine as an important source of GABA in the postnatal rat subventricular zone. Neuroscience. 2007 May 11;146(2):489-93.

3-Methyladenine | Hydrocortisone | Acetylcysteine(N-acetylcysteine) | Retinoic acid | Melatonine | Dinoprostone | Nicotinamide | Adenosine triphosphate | 4-Acetamidophenol | Prostaglandin E1 | Dehydroepiandrosterone | Corticosterone | Progesterone | Docosahexaenoic Acid | NAD+

DATA ITEMS CITED :

16

MOLECULAR FORMULA :

C4-H12-N2

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :

88.18

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :

Z4Z

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

463 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - ptosis Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes in urine composition

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

1 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

1600 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

1750 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - muscle contraction or spasticity Vascular - BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :

1600 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :

1576 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes in urine composition Skin and Appendages - dermatitis, other (after systemic exposure)

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :

1 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :

80 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Rectal

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :

400 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

DOSE :

314 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 12 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - other effects to embryo Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

DNA inhibition

TEST SYSTEM :

Rodent - mouse Liver

DOSE/DURATION :

20 mmol/L

REFERENCE :

AMOKAG Acta Medicia Okayama. (Okayama Univ. Medical School, Okayama, Japan) V.27 1973- Volume(issue)/page/year: 33,149,1979 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X4958 No. of Facilities: 3 (estimated) No. of Industries: 1 No. of Occupations: 1 No. of Employees: 3 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 3 (estimated)