Aspartame

Names

[ Name ]:
Aspartame

[Synonym ]:
tri-sweet
Aspartylphenylalanine methyl ester
Methyl L-α-aspartyl-L-phenylalaninate
Zero-Cal
Aspartame
Equal
Canderel
N-L-α-Aspartyl-L-phenylalanine 1-Methyl Ester
mer
Asp-Phe-Ome
ASPARTAM
E 951
L-Phenylalanine, L-α-aspartyl-, methyl ester
H-Asp-Phe-OMe
MFCD00002724
EINECS 245-261-3
N-(L-α-Aspartyl)-L-phenylalanine methyl ester
methyl L-a-aspartyl-L-phenylalaninate
(S)-3-Amino-4-(((S)-1-methoxy-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl)amino)-4-oxobutanoic acid
NutraSweet
Methyl N-L-α-aspartyl-L-phenylalaninate
N-L-a-Aspartyl-L-phenylalanine-1-Methyl Ester
Asp-Phe methyl ester
L-Aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester
L-phenylalanine, L-a-aspartyl-, methyl ester
3-Amino-N-(a-carboxyphenethyl)succinamic Acid N-Methyl Ester
APM
β-Aspartame
Aspertame

Biological Activity

[Description]:

Aspartame is an artificial, non-saccharide sweetener used as a sugar substitute in some foods and beverages.Target: OthersAspartame is a flavoring agent sweeter than sugar. Aspartame is a methyl ester of a dipeptide used as a synthetic nonnutritive sweetener. Epidemiological studies on aspartame include several case-control studies and one well-conducted prospective epidemiological study with a large cohort, in which the consumption of aspartame was measured. The studies provide no evidence to support an association between aspartame and cancer in any tissue. The weight of existing evidence is that aspartame is safe at current levels of consumption as a nonnutritive sweetener [1]. aspartame is safe, and there are no unresolved questions regarding its safety under conditions of intended use [2]. excessive aspartame ingestion might be involved in the pathogenesis of certain mental disorders (DSM-IV-TR 2000) and also in compromised learning and emotional functioning [3].

[Related Catalog]:

Signaling Pathways >> Others >> Others

Research Areas >> Others

[References]

[1]. Magnuson, B.A., et al., Aspartame: a safety evaluation based on current use levels, regulations, and toxicological and epidemiological studies. Crit Rev Toxicol, 2007. 37(8): p. 629-727.

[2]. Butchko, H.H., et al., Aspartame: review of safety. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol, 2002. 35(2 Pt 2): p. S1-93.

[3]. Humphries, P., E. Pretorius, and H. Naude, Direct and indirect cellular effects of aspartame on the brain. Eur J Clin Nutr, 2008. 62(4): p. 451-62.

[Related Small Molecules]

Chemical & Physical Properties

[ Density]:
1.3±0.1 g/cm3

[ Boiling Point ]:
535.8±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg

[ Melting Point ]:
242-248 °C

[ Molecular Formula ]:
C₁₄H₁₈N₂O₅

[ Molecular Weight ]:
294.303

[ Flash Point ]:
277.8±30.1 °C

[ Exact Mass ]:
294.121582

[ PSA ]:
118.72000

[ LogP ]:
1.11

[ Vapour Pressure ]:
0.0±1.5 mmHg at 25°C

[ Index of Refraction ]:
1.557

MSDS

Click to get detail MSDS

Toxicological Information

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: WM3407000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Succinamic acid, 3-amino-N-(alpha-carboxyphenethyl)-, N-methyl ester, stereoisomer

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 22839-47-0

LAST UPDATED :: 199701

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 16

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C14-H18-N2-O5

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 294.34

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - woman

DOSE/DURATION :: 3710 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Skin and Appendages - dermatitis, allergic (after systemic exposure)

REFERENCE :: AIMEAS Annals of Internal Medicine. (American College of Physicians, 4200 Pine St., Philadelphia, PA 19104) V.1- 1927- Volume(issue)/page/year: 104,207,1986

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: >10 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: TOVEFN Toksikologicheskii Vestnik. (18-20 Vadkovskii per. Moscow, 101479, Russia) History Unknown Volume(issue)/page/year: (3),37,1996

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: >5 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: TOVEFN Toksikologicheskii Vestnik. (18-20 Vadkovskii per. Moscow, 101479, Russia) History Unknown Volume(issue)/page/year: (3),37,1996

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: >10 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: TOVEFN Toksikologicheskii Vestnik. (18-20 Vadkovskii per. Moscow, 101479, Russia) History Unknown Volume(issue)/page/year: (3),37,1996

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: >5 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: TOVEFN Toksikologicheskii Vestnik. (18-20 Vadkovskii per. Moscow, 101479, Russia) History Unknown Volume(issue)/page/year: (3),37,1996 ** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 1456 gm/kg/2Y-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes in urine composition Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - changes in calcium

REFERENCE :: TXCYAC Toxicology. (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland, Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1973- Volume(issue)/page/year: 21,91,1981

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 1012 gm/kg/13W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Behavioral - alteration of operant conditioning Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain

REFERENCE :: JEPTDQ Journal of Environmental Pathology and Toxicology. (Park Forest South, IL) V.1-5(3), 1977-81(?). For publisher information, see JEPOEC. Volume(issue)/page/year: 3(5-6),341,1980

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 4530 ug/m3/24H/6W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Liver - other changes Endocrine - other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - other changes

REFERENCE :: TOVEFN Toksikologicheskii Vestnik. (18-20 Vadkovskii per. Moscow, 101479, Russia) History Unknown Volume(issue)/page/year: (3),37,1996

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 19500 mg/kg/30D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Brain and Coverings - other degenerative changes

REFERENCE :: FCTOD7 Food and Chemical Toxicology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.20- 1982- Volume(issue)/page/year: 25,565,1987 ** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 275 gm/kg

SEX/DURATION :: male 2 week(s) pre-mating female 2 week(s) pre-mating - 16 day(s) post-birth

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral

REFERENCE :: NETOD7 Neurobehavioral Toxicology. (Fayetteville, NY) V.1-2, 1979-80. For publisher information, see NTOTDY. Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,79,1979

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 106 gm/kg

SEX/DURATION :: lactating female 12 day(s) post-birth

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain)

REFERENCE :: JEPTDQ Journal of Environmental Pathology and Toxicology. (Park Forest South, IL) V.1-5(3), 1977-81(?). For publisher information, see JEPOEC. Volume(issue)/page/year: 3(5-6),375,1980

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 449 gm/kg

SEX/DURATION :: male 2 week(s) pre-mating female 2 week(s) pre-mating - 21 day(s) post-birth

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - weaning or lactation index (e.g., # alive at weaning per # alive at day 4)

REFERENCE :: NETOD7 Neurobehavioral Toxicology. (Fayetteville, NY) V.1-2, 1979-80. For publisher information, see NTOTDY. Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,79,1979

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 4 gm/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 15-18 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral

REFERENCE :: RCPBDC Research Communications in Psychology, Psychiatry and Behavior. (PJD Pub. Ltd., P.O. Box 966, Westbury, NY 11590) V.1- 1976- Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,385,1985

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 32500 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 1-65 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral

REFERENCE :: NETEEC Neurotoxicology and Teratology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.9- 1987- Volume(issue)/page/year: 11,413,1989

Safety Information

[ Personal Protective Equipment ]:
Eyeshields;Gloves;type N95 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter

[ Hazard Codes ]:
Xi

[ Safety Phrases ]:
S22-S24/25

[ RIDADR ]:
NONH for all modes of transport

[ WGK Germany ]:
2

[ RTECS ]:
WM3407000

[ HS Code ]:
2924299090

Precursor & DownStream

Precursor

DownStream

Customs

[ HS Code ]: 2924299090

[ Summary ]:
2924299090. other cyclic amides (including cyclic carbamates) and their derivatives; salts thereof. VAT:17.0%. Tax rebate rate:13.0%. . MFN tariff:6.5%. General tariff:30.0%

Articles

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Artificial sweeteners induce glucose intolerance by altering the gut microbiota.

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Modulation of sweet taste by umami compounds via sweet taste receptor subunit hT1R2.

PLoS ONE 10(4) , e0124030, (2015)

Although the five basic taste qualities-sweet, sour, bitter, salty and umami-can be recognized by the respective gustatory system, interactions between these taste qualities are often experienced when...

Related Compounds

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