Aluminium hydroxide

Modify Date: 2024-01-02 18:47:41

Aluminium hydroxide Structure
Aluminium hydroxide structure
Common Name Aluminium hydroxide
CAS Number 21645-51-2 Molecular Weight 78.004
Density 2.40 Boiling Point N/A
Molecular Formula Al(OH)3 Melting Point 300℃
MSDS Chinese USA Flash Point N/A

 Use of Aluminium hydroxide


Aluminum Hydroxide is a main form of aluminum used as adjuvant. Aluminum hydroxide-based adjuvant researches including the repository effect, pro-phagocytic effect, and activation of the pro-inflammatory NLRP3 pathway. Aluminum Hydroxide also acts as adjuvant to compensate low inherent immunogenicity of subunit vaccines[1][2].

 Names

Name aluminium hydroxide
Synonym More Synonyms

 Aluminium hydroxide Biological Activity

Description Aluminum Hydroxide is a main form of aluminum used as adjuvant. Aluminum hydroxide-based adjuvant researches including the repository effect, pro-phagocytic effect, and activation of the pro-inflammatory NLRP3 pathway. Aluminum Hydroxide also acts as adjuvant to compensate low inherent immunogenicity of subunit vaccines[1][2].
Related Catalog
References

[1]. He P, et al. Advances in aluminum hydroxide-based adjuvant research and its mechanism. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2015;11(2):477-88.

[2]. Amini Y, et al. Aluminum hydroxide nanoparticles show strong activity to stimulate Th-1 immune response against tuberculosis. Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol. 2017 Nov;45(7):1331-1335.

 Chemical & Physical Properties

Density 2.40
Melting Point 300℃
Molecular Formula Al(OH)3
Molecular Weight 78.004
Exact Mass 77.989754
PSA 60.69000
Stability Stable. Incompatible with strong bases.
Water Solubility insoluble

 Toxicological Information

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :
BD0940000
CHEMICAL NAME :
Aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)3)
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
21645-51-2
LAST UPDATED :
199712
DATA ITEMS CITED :
26
MOLECULAR FORMULA :
Al-H3-O3
MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
78.01
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
.AL..H3.O3

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human - child
DOSE/DURATION :
79 gm/kg/2Y-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Behavioral - muscle contraction or spasticity Musculoskeletal - osteomalacia
REFERENCE :
PEDIAU Pediatrics. (American Academy of Pediatrics, P.O. Box 1034, Evanston, IL 60204) V.1- 1948- Volume(issue)/page/year: 71,56,1983
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human - child
DOSE/DURATION :
122 gm/kg/4D
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Gastrointestinal - other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - body temperature increase
REFERENCE :
JOPDAB Journal of Pediatrics. (C.V. Mosby Co., 11830 Westline Industrial Dr., St. Louis, MO 63141) V.1- 1932- Volume(issue)/page/year: 92,592,1978
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human - infant
DOSE/DURATION :
39 gm/kg/24D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Musculoskeletal - osteomalacia
REFERENCE :
NEJMAG New England Journal of Medicine. (Massachusetts Medical Soc., 10 Shattuck St., Boston, MA 02115) V.198- 1928- Volume(issue)/page/year: 310,1079,1984
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
150 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
LANCAO Lancet. (7 Adam St., London WC2N 6AD, UK) V.1- 1823- Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,564,1972 ** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
8040 mg/kg/67D-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - changes in phosphorus
REFERENCE :
FAATDF Fundamental and Applied Toxicology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1981- Volume(issue)/page/year: 10,616,1988 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-TWA 2 mg(Al)/m3 DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 2 mg(Al)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 2 mg(Al)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 2 mg(Al)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 2 mg(Al)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 6 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 2 mg(Al)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 6 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:TWA 2 mg(Al)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 2 mg(Al)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 2 mg(Al)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 6 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 2 mg(Al)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 80390 No. of Facilities: 4981 (estimated) No. of Industries: 85 No. of Occupations: 74 No. of Employees: 97261 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X4445 No. of Facilities: 297 (estimated) No. of Industries: 2 No. of Occupations: 8 No. of Employees: 37773 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 33522 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X9931 No. of Facilities: 59 (estimated) No. of Industries: 1 No. of Occupations: 4 No. of Employees: 7006 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 6697 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 80390 No. of Facilities: 12057 (estimated) No. of Industries: 123 No. of Occupations: 121 No. of Employees: 325788 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 84539 (estimated)

 Safety Information

Hazard Codes Xi:Irritant
Risk Phrases R36
Safety Phrases S26-S36
RIDADR NONH for all modes of transport
RTECS BD0940000
HS Code 2818300000

 Customs

HS Code 2818300000

 Articles161

More Articles
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PLoS ONE 9(11) , e112602, (2014)

The development of an effective vaccine is critical for prevention of a Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) pandemic. Some studies have indicated the receptor-binding domain (RBD) ...

Targeting antigens through blood dendritic cell antigen 2 on plasmacytoid dendritic cells promotes immunologic tolerance.

J. Immunol. 192(12) , 5789-801, (2014)

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Hydrotalcite composites for an effective fluoride buccal administration: a new technological approach.

Int. J. Pharm. 454(1) , 259-68, (2013)

The aim of this work was to develop new mucoadhesive buccal patches containing an inorganic fluorinated compound, MgAl-F, intended for decay prevention. Firstly MgAl-F was synthesized and characterize...

 Synonyms

Aluminium hydroxide
ALUMINUM HYDROXIDE
Aluminum trihydroxide
Aluminium trihydroxide
aluminium(III) hydroxide
EINECS 244-492-7
MFCD00003420
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