Synthesis and spectral characterization of related substances of vardenafil, an erectile dysfunction drug

VV Reddy, MV Naga Brahmeswara Rao…

Index: Reddy, Vajrala Venkata; Naga Brahmeswara Rao, Mandava Venkata; Reddy, Ghanta Mahesh; Mukkanti, Khagga; Reddy, Ganta Madhusudhan Synthetic Communications, 2012 , vol. 42, # 23 p. 3513 - 3523

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Citation Number: 2

Abstract

Vardenafil hydrochloride trihydrate (Levitra) is used to treat erectile dysfunction (ED) and is an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE-5) enzyme. It maintains higher levels of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), relaxes smooth muscles, promotes penile blood flow, and enhances erectile function. During the bulk drug synthesis of vardenafil hydrochloride trihydrate, six related substances (impurities), vardenafil dimer, vardenafil N-oxide, vardenafil glycene, ...