Quantum yield of conversion of the photoinitiator camphorquinone.

Yin-Chu Chen, Jack L Ferracane, Scott A Prahl

Index: Dent. Mater. 23(6) , 655-664, (2007)

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Abstract

The primary absorber in dental resins is the photoinitiator, which starts the photo polymerization process. We studied the quantum yield of conversion of camphorquinone (CQ), a blue light photoinitiator, in dental resin composites using a LED lamp (3M FreeLight) and a Quartz Tungsten Halogen (QTH) lamp (VIP) as the light curing units at five different irradiances. The molar extinction coefficient, epsilon(469), of CQ was 46+/-2 cm(-1)/(mol/L) at 469 nm. The reciprocity of irradiance and exposure time holds for changes of CQ absorption coefficient, that is, irradiance x exposure time (=radiant exposure)=constant. Both LED and QTH lamps yielded the same curing threshold (the radiant exposure when CQ absorption drops to 1/e) and the same quantum yield conversion under different irradiances. In our dental resin formulation (0.7 wt.% CQ with reducing agents 0.35 wt.% dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) and 0.05 wt.% butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT)) the quantum yield was measured as 0.07+/-0.01 CQ conversion per absorbed photon.