Hepatoprotective amide constituents from the fruit ofPiper chaba: Structural requirements, mode of action, and new amides

Hisashi Matsuda, Kiyofumi Ninomiya, Toshio Morikawa, Daisuke Yasuda, Itadaki Yamaguchi, Masayuki Yoshikawa, Hisashi Matsuda, Kiyofumi Ninomiya, Toshio Morikawa, Daisuke Yasuda, Itadaki Yamaguchi, Masayuki Yoshikawa

Index: Bioorg. Med. Chem. 17 , 7313-23, (2009)

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Abstract

The 80% aqueous acetone extract from the fruit of Piper chaba (Piperaceae) was found to have hepatoprotective effects on d-galactosamine ( d-GalN)/lipopolysaccharide-induced liver injury in mice. From the ethyl acetate-soluble fraction, three new amides, piperchabamides E, G, and H, 33 amides, and four aromatic constituents were isolated. Among the isolates, several amide constituents inhibited d-GalN/tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced death of hepatocytes, and the following structural requirements were suggested: (i) the amide moiety is essential for potent activity; and (ii) the 1,9-decadiene structure between the benzene ring and the amide moiety tended to enhance the activity. Moreover, a principal constituent, piperine, exhibited strong in vivo hepatoprotective effects at doses of 5 and 10 mg/kg, po and its mode of action was suggested to depend on the reduced sensitivity of hepatocytes to TNF-α.