dichloroethane

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Names

[ CAS No. ]:
107-06-2

[ Name ]:
dichloroethane

[Synonym ]:
EINECS 203-458-1
1,2-DICHLOROETHANE (1 LT )
Ethane,1,2-dichloro
1,1-DICHLOROETHANE
Dichloroethylene
Ethylene chloride,Ethylene dichloride
1,2-Ethylene dichloride
1,2-Dichloroethane, in Certan bottle
1,2-dichloro-ethane
ClCH2CH2Cl
ethylene dichloride
Dutch oil
1,2-Dichloroethane
1,2-Ethylidene dichloride
dichloroethane
MFCD00000963
1,2-Dichloroet
EdC
DCE
ethylene chloride
α,β-dichloroethane
1,2-DICHLOROETHANE (EDC)
Dutch liquid
Glycol dichloride
1,2-DCE
Ethane, 1,2-dichloro-
1,2-Dichloroethan
ethane dichloride
1,2-DICHLORETHAN CERTIFIED AR, ZUR ANALYSE, 1L , ZUR ANALYSE
Dichloroethane, 1,2-

Chemical & Physical Properties

[ Density]:
1.2±0.1 g/cm3

[ Boiling Point ]:
83.5±0.0 °C at 760 mmHg

[ Melting Point ]:
-35 °C

[ Molecular Formula ]:
C₂H₄Cl₂

[ Molecular Weight ]:
98.959

[ Flash Point ]:
15.6±0.0 °C

[ Exact Mass ]:
97.969009

[ LogP ]:
1.41

[ Vapour density ]:
3.4 (20 °C, vs air)

[ Vapour Pressure ]:
83.9±0.1 mmHg at 25°C

[ Index of Refraction ]:
1.413

[ Water Solubility ]:
8.7 g/L (20 ºC)

MSDS

Click to get detail MSDS

Toxicological Information

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: KI0525000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Ethane, 1,2-dichloro-

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 107-06-2

LAST UPDATED :: 199712

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 133

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C2-H4-Cl2

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 98.96

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: G2G

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Open irritation test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :: Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :: Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration into the eye

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :: Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration into the eye

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :: 4000 ppm/1H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - flaccid paralysis without anesthesia (usually neuromuscular blockage) Behavioral - coma Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human

DOSE/DURATION :: 286 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Gastrointestinal - ulceration or bleeding from stomach Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting Liver - fatty liver degeneration

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human

DOSE/DURATION :: 428 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cough Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :: 892 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting Liver - jaundice, other or unclassified

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :: 714 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Cardiac - change in rate Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cyanosis

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 670 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 1000 ppm/7H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - coma Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cyanosis Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - body temperature decrease

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 807 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 1 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation Behavioral - general anesthetic Behavioral - ataxia

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intratracheal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 120 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 413 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes Liver - other changes

TYPE OF TEST :: LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 5 gm/m3/2H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 470 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 380 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 5700 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation Behavioral - general anesthetic Behavioral - ataxia

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 175 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Primate - monkey

DOSE/DURATION :: 3000 ppm/7H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LC - Lethal concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - cat

DOSE/DURATION :: >3000 ppm/7H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 860 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 3000 ppm/7H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 2800 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation Behavioral - general anesthetic Behavioral - ataxia

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 1200 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - pig

DOSE/DURATION :: 3000 ppm/7H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea

TYPE OF TEST :: LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :: 1500 ppm/7H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis)

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :: 600 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - other transferases

TYPE OF TEST :: LC - Lethal concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - species unspecified

DOSE/DURATION :: >3000 ppm/7H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 21840 mg/kg/13W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Liver - changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in bladder weight

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 1 gm/kg/10-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Liver - changes in liver weight Related to Chronic Data - death

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 200 ppm/7H/6W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Related to Chronic Data - death

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 1500 ppm/7H/5D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory depression Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) Related to Chronic Data - death

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 43680 mg/kg/13W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Liver - changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in bladder weight

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 200 ppm/7H/9D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Related to Chronic Data - death

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 685 mg/kg/14D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Blood - changes in leukocyte (WBC) count Immunological Including Allergic - decrease in humoral immune response

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 1500 ppm/7H/5D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - corneal damage Related to Chronic Data - death

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Primate - monkey

DOSE/DURATION :: 1000 ppm/7H/9W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - coma Related to Chronic Data - death

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - cat

DOSE/DURATION :: 1000 ppm/7H/11W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Related to Chronic Data - death

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 400 ppm/7H/19W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Related to Chronic Data - death

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :: 200 ppm/7H/25W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Related to Chronic Data - death

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :: 1500 ppm/7H/5D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Cardiac - other changes Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) Related to Chronic Data - death

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 5286 mg/kg/69W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Gastrointestinal - tumors Skin and Appendages - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 5 ppm/7H/78W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Blood - leukemia Skin and Appendages - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 3536 mg/kg/78W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors Skin and Appendages - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 5 ppm/7H/78W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors Skin and Appendages - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 1120 gm/kg/74W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors Skin and Appendages - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 38 gm/kg/78W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Vascular - tumors Gastrointestinal - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 76 gm/kg/78W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Skin and Appendages - tumors Reproductive - Tumorigenic effects - uterine tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 18 gm/kg/78W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Vascular - tumors Gastrointestinal - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 38 gm/kg/78W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Skin and Appendages - tumors Reproductive - Tumorigenic effects - uterine tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

DOSE :: 300 ppm/7H

SEX/DURATION :: female 6-15 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

DOSE :: 208 mg/m3/6H

SEX/DURATION :: female 2 week(s) pre-mating female 1-21 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - pre-implantation mortality (e.g. reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea)

TYPE OF TEST :: Specific locus test

TYPE OF TEST :: Specific locus test

TYPE OF TEST :: Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction

TYPE OF TEST :: Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction

TYPE OF TEST :: DNA damage

TYPE OF TEST :: DNA damage

TYPE OF TEST :: Specific locus test

TYPE OF TEST :: DNA damage

TYPE OF TEST :: DNA damage

TYPE OF TEST :: DNA inhibition

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Mutation in mammalian somatic cells

TEST SYSTEM :: Rodent - hamster Ovary

REFERENCE :: MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 90,183,1981 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-Not classifiable as a human carcinogen DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 40 mg/m3 (10 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 IARC Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 20,429,1979 IARC Cancer Review:Human No Adequate Data IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 20,429,1979 IARC Cancer Review:Group 2B IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,56,1987 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW AJMEAZ American Journal of Medicine. (Technical Pub., 875 Third Ave., New York, NY 10022) V.1- 1946- Volume(issue)/page/year: 38,409,1965 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW AIHAAP American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. (AIHA, 475 Wolf Ledges Pkwy., Akron, OH 44311) V.19- 1958- Volume(issue)/page/year: 40(3),A46,1979 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW VHTODE Veterinary and Human Toxicology. (American College of Veterinary and Comparative Toxicology, Publication Office, Comparative Toxicology, Manhattan, KS 66506) V.19- 1977- Volume(issue)/page/year: 22,31,1980 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW DCTODJ Drug and Chemical Toxicology. (Marcel Dekker, 270 Madison Ave., New York, NY 10016) V.1- 1977/78- Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,319,1982 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information. Volume(issue)/page/year: PB82-182825 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** EPA FIFRA 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,7740,1989 MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 50 ppm (200 mg/m3) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,79,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 50 ppm;CL 100 ppm;Pk 200 ppm/5M/3H CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 50 ppm (200 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 50 ppm (200 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 50 ppm (200 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-ARAB Republic of Egypt:TWA 5 ppm (2 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 10 ppm (40 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRIA:TWA 20 ppm (80 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 10 ppm (40 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 1 ppm (4 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 10 ppm (40 mg/m3);STEL 20 ppm (80 mg/m3);Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 10 ppm (40 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-HUNGARY:STEL 4 mg/m3;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-JAPAN:TWA 10 ppm (40 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 50 ppm (200 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 50 ppm (200 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:TWA 10 ppm JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 1 ppm (4 mg/m3);STEL 5 ppm (20 mg/m3);Skin;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 10 ppm (40 mg/m3);STEL 20 ppm (80 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 50 ppm (200 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 10 ppm (40 mg/m3);STEL 15 ppm (60 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO ETHYLENE DICHLORIDE-air:10H CA TWA 1 ppm;STEL 2 ppm REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 24130 No. of Facilities: 7148 (estimated) No. of Industries: 92 No. of Occupations: 60 No. of Employees: 77671 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 24130 No. of Facilities: 2226 (estimated) No. of Industries: 38 No. of Occupations: 61 No. of Employees: 83246 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 33361 (estimated)

Safety Information

[ Symbol ]:

GHS02, GHS06, GHS08

[ Signal Word ]:
Danger

[ Hazard Statements ]:
H225-H302-H315-H319-H331-H335-H350

[ Precautionary Statements ]:
P201-P210-P280-P308 + P313-P370 + P378-P403 + P235

[ Personal Protective Equipment ]:
Eyeshields;Faceshields;full-face respirator (US);Gloves;multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US);type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter

[ Hazard Codes ]:
F: Flammable;T: Toxic;

[ Risk Phrases ]:
R11;R22;R36/37/38;R45

[ Safety Phrases ]:
S53-S45-S24-S16-S7

[ RIDADR ]:
UN 1184 3/PG 2

[ WGK Germany ]:
3

[ RTECS ]:
KI0525000

[ Packaging Group ]:
II

[ Hazard Class ]:
3

[ HS Code ]:
2903150000

Synthetic Route

Click to get detail synthetic route

Precursor & DownStream

Precursor

ethene
Glycerol
ETHYLENE OXIDE
tetrachloro(2-phenylethenyl)-λ5-phosphane
Chlorine
2-chloroethyl 1-chloropropan-2-yl carbonate
1,1,2-Trichloroethane solution
Triethylamine
monochloroethane

DownStream

Benzoic acid,4-chloro-, 2-chloroethyl ester
n-allyl-2-chloropropanamide
Octadecanaldehyde
2-Chloroethyl stearate
diethyl (2-chloroethyl)phosphonate
Diethyl Ethylphosphonate
bis(2-chloroethyl)phosphite
4-(5-Brom-2-chlorbenzyl)phenyl-ethylether
Ethanol, 2-chloro-,1-methanesulfonate
1-chlorododecan-2-one

Customs

[ HS Code ]: 2903150000

[ Summary ]:
2903150000 1,2-dichloroethane。supervision conditions:ABx(certificate of inspection for goods inward,certificate of inspection for goods outward,environment control release notice for poisonous chemicals)。VAT:17.0%。tax rebate rate:0.0%。MFN tarrif:5.5%。general tariff:30.0%

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Oral delivery of probiotic expressing M cell homing peptide conjugated BmpB vaccine encapsulated into alginate/chitosan/alginate microcapsules.

Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm. 88(3) , 768-77, (2014)

Oral administration of live probiotics as antigen delivery vectors is a promising approach in vaccine development. However, the low survival of probiotics in the gastrointestinal tract limits this app...

Minimizing the non-specific binding of nanoparticles to the brain enables active targeting of Fn14-positive glioblastoma cells.

Biomaterials 42 , 42-51, (2014)

A major limitation in the treatment of glioblastoma (GBM), the most common and deadly primary brain cancer, is delivery of therapeutics to invading tumor cells outside of the area that is safe for sur...

Dichloroethane
dichloroethane
dichloroethane
Bromodichloroethane
1,2-Dichloroethane-d4
1,1-dichloroethane-d4