Atropine

Suppliers

Names

[ CAS No. ]:
51-55-8

[ Name ]:
Atropine

[Synonym ]:
Eyesules
Benzeneacetic acid, α-(hydroxymethyl)-, (3-endo)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-yl ester
MFCD00022622
(3-endo)-8-Methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-yl-3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoat
Atropina
Atropin
t-3-ylester
DL-tropic acid tropane-3endo-yl ester
TROPIC ACID ESTER WITH TROPINE
(3-endo)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-yl 3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoate
Atropisol
Tropin
Atropinol
Atropine
HYOSCYAMINE
(3-endo)-8-Methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-yl tropate
DL-ATROPINE
EINECS 200-104-8
troyltropate

Chemical & Physical Properties

[ Density]:
1.2±0.1 g/cm3

[ Boiling Point ]:
429.8±45.0 °C at 760 mmHg

[ Melting Point ]:
115-118 °C

[ Molecular Formula ]:
C₁₇H₂₃NO₃

[ Molecular Weight ]:
289.369

[ Flash Point ]:
213.7±28.7 °C

[ Exact Mass ]:
289.167786

[ PSA ]:
49.77000

[ LogP ]:
1.53

[ Vapour Pressure ]:
0.0±1.1 mmHg at 25°C

[ Index of Refraction ]:
1.581

[ Water Solubility ]:
H2O: 2 mg/mL

MSDS

Click to get detail MSDS

Toxicological Information

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: CK0700000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Atropine

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 51-55-8

LAST UPDATED :: 199710

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 37

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C17-H23-N-O3

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 289.41

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: T56 A ANTJ A1 GOVYR&1Q

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human

DOSE/DURATION :: 33 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - visual field changes Behavioral - muscle weakness

REFERENCE :: JTCTDW Journal of Toxicology, Clinical Toxicology. (Marcel Dekker, 270 Madison Ave., New York, NY 10016) V.19- 1982- Volume(issue)/page/year: 22,581,1984/1985

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :: 14 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - headache Vascular - BP elevation not characterized in autonomic section

REFERENCE :: AIMEAS Annals of Internal Medicine. (American College of Physicians, 4200 Pine St., Philadelphia, PA 19104) V.1- 1927- Volume(issue)/page/year: 101,720,1984

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intramuscular

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :: 175 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - hallucinations, distorted perceptions

REFERENCE :: FEPRA7 Federation Proceedings, Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. (Bethesda, MD) V.1-46, 1942-87. Volume(issue)/page/year: 32,250,1973

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intramuscular

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human

DOSE/DURATION :: 1 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - mydriasis (pupillary dilation)

REFERENCE :: 85IVAW "Possible Long-Term Health Effects of Short-Term Exposure to Chemical Agents," National Research Council, 3 vols., Washington, DC, National Academy Press, 1982-85 Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,L1,1982

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Unreported

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :: 143 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: 85IXA4 "Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,482,1948

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 500 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: AIPTAK Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. (Heymans Institute of Pharmacology, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium) V.4- 1898- Volume(issue)/page/year: 155,393,1965

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 280 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. (Williams & Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1909/10- Volume(issue)/page/year: 105,166,1952

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 250 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: AIPTAK Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. (Heymans Institute of Pharmacology, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium) V.4- 1898- Volume(issue)/page/year: 68,339,1942

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 73 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: SMWOAS Schweizerische Medizinische Wochenschrift. (Schwabe & Co., Steintorst 13, 4010 Basel, Switzerland) V.50- 1920- Volume(issue)/page/year: 76,1282,1946

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intramuscular

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 920 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: DCTODJ Drug and Chemical Toxicology. (Marcel Dekker, 270 Madison Ave., New York, NY 10016) V.1- 1977/78- Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,355,1978

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 75 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - excitement Behavioral - ataxia Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea

REFERENCE :: AIPTAK Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. (Heymans Institute of Pharmacology, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium) V.4- 1898- Volume(issue)/page/year: 59,149,1938

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 30 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: JMCMAR Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. (American Chemical Soc., Distribution Office Dept. 223, POB POB 57136, West End Stn., Washington, DC 20037) V.6- 1963- Volume(issue)/page/year: 31,683,1988

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 428 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: CTYAD8 Zhongcaoyao. Chinese Traditional and Herbal Medicine. (China International Book Trading Corp., POB 2820, Beijing, Peop. Rep. China) V.11- 1980- Volume(issue)/page/year: 11,457,1980

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 30 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: JMCMAR Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. (American Chemical Soc., Distribution Office Dept. 223, POB POB 57136, West End Stn., Washington, DC 20037) V.6- 1963- Volume(issue)/page/year: 28,1760,1985

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intradermal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 550 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - excitement Behavioral - ataxia Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea

REFERENCE :: AIPTAK Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. (Heymans Institute of Pharmacology, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium) V.4- 1898- Volume(issue)/page/year: 59,149,1938

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 50 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - muscle weakness Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting

REFERENCE :: PSEBAA Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1903/04- Volume(issue)/page/year: 40,244,1939

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Unreported

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 60 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: 85IXA4 "Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,513,1948

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - cat

DOSE/DURATION :: 130 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. (Williams & Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1909/10- Volume(issue)/page/year: 60,1,1937

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - cat

DOSE/DURATION :: 70 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: 85IXA4 "Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,483,1948

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 600 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - excitement Behavioral - ataxia Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea

REFERENCE :: AIPTAK Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. (Heymans Institute of Pharmacology, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium) V.4- 1898- Volume(issue)/page/year: 59,149,1938

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 350 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Cardiac - pulse rate Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory stimulation

REFERENCE :: JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. (Williams & Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1909/10- Volume(issue)/page/year: 60,14,1937

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 500 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: HBAMAK "Abdernalden's Handbuch der Biologischen Arbeitsmethoden." (Leipzig, Ger. Dem. Rep.) Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,1311,1935

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 50 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - excitement Behavioral - ataxia Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea

REFERENCE :: AIPTAK Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. (Heymans Institute of Pharmacology, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium) V.4- 1898- Volume(issue)/page/year: 59,149,1938

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intradermal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 500 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - excitement Behavioral - ataxia Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea

REFERENCE :: AIPTAK Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. (Heymans Institute of Pharmacology, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium) V.4- 1898- Volume(issue)/page/year: 59,149,1938

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :: 1100 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. (Williams & Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1909/10- Volume(issue)/page/year: 105,166,1952

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :: 400 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. (Williams & Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1909/10- Volume(issue)/page/year: 105,166,1952

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Amphibian - frog

DOSE/DURATION :: 1 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: HBAMAK "Abdernalden's Handbuch der Biologischen Arbeitsmethoden." (Leipzig, Ger. Dem. Rep.) Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,1311,1935

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intramuscular

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Amphibian - frog

DOSE/DURATION :: 750 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - excitement Behavioral - muscle contraction or spasticity Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea

REFERENCE :: PSEBAA Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1903/04- Volume(issue)/page/year: 40,244,1939 ** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

DOSE :: 20 ug/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 26-39 week(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - cardiovascular (circulatory) system

REFERENCE :: AJOGAH American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. (C.V. Mosby Co., 11830 Westline Industrial Dr., St. Louis, MO 63146) V.1- 1920- Volume(issue)/page/year: 82,1055,1961

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Unreported

DOSE :: 1600 ug/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 1 day(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - other measures of fertility

REFERENCE :: FESTAS Fertility and Sterility. (American Fertility Soc., 608 13th Ave. S, Birmingham, AL 35282) V.1- 1950- Volume(issue)/page/year: 12,346,1961 *** REVIEWS *** TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CLANA4 Clinical Anesthesia. (Philadelphia, PA 19103) V.1-11, 1963-76. Volume(issue)/page/year: 10(Pt 1),11,1973 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW FNSCA6 Forensic Science. (Lausanne, Switzerland) V.1-11, 1972-78. For pub lisher information, see FSINDR. Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,67,1973 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - A1074 No. of Facilities: 43 (estimated) No. of Industries: 1 No. of Occupations: 2 No. of Employees: 85 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - A1074 No. of Facilities: 380 (estimated) No. of Industries: 2 No. of Occupations: 6 No. of Employees: 11456 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 9417 (estimated)

Safety Information

[ Symbol ]:

GHS02, GHS06

[ Signal Word ]:
Danger

[ Hazard Statements ]:
H225-H302-H319-H331

[ Precautionary Statements ]:
P210-P261-P305 + P351 + P338-P311

[ Personal Protective Equipment ]:
Eyeshields;Faceshields;full-face particle respirator type N100 (US);Gloves;respirator cartridge type N100 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter;type P3 (EN 143) respirator cartridges

[ Hazard Codes ]:
T+: Very toxic;

[ Risk Phrases ]:
R26/28

[ Safety Phrases ]:
S25-S45

[ RIDADR ]:
1544

[ WGK Germany ]:
3

[ RTECS ]:
CK0700000

[ HS Code ]:
2939999090

Synthetic Route

Click to get detail synthetic route

Precursor & DownStream

Precursor

DownStream

8-Aza-bicyclo[3.2.1]octan-3-ol HCl
Tropic acid
8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-3-ol
Tropine
2-Phenylacrylic acid
8-Azabicyclo(3.2.1)octane, 3-chloro-8-methyl-, exo-
Benzeneacetic acid, a-(hydroxymethyl)-,8-methyl-8-oxido-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-yl ester, endo-
Phenylacetic acid
Benzeneacetic acid, a-hydroxy-a-methyl-
DL-2-Phenylpropionic acid

Customs

[ HS Code ]: 2939999090

Articles

Enhanced Retinal Ganglion Cell Survival in Glaucoma by Hypoxic Postconditioning After Disease Onset.

Neurotherapeutics 12(2) , 502-14, (2015)

The neuroprotective efficacy of adaptive epigenetics, wherein beneficial gene expression changes are induced by nonharmful "conditioning" stimuli, is now well established in several acute, preclinical...

Receptor mediated disruption of retinal pigment epithelium function in acute glycated-albumin exposure.

Exp. Eye Res. 137 , 50-6, (2015)

Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a major cause of visual impairment. Although DME is generally believed to be a microvascular disease, dysfunction of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) can also contr...

Role of Telokin in Regulating Murine Gastric Fundus Smooth Muscle Tension.

PLoS ONE 10 , e0134876, (2015)

Telokin phosphorylation by cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase facilitates smooth muscle relaxation. In this study we examined the relaxation of gastric fundus smooth muscles from basal tone, or pre-c...