无水氯化铒

无水氯化铒用途

三氯化铒是镧系元素卤化物的重要成员，在有机合成中最成熟的应用是作为一个温和的Lewis 酸催化剂。

三氯化铒在甲醇溶液中可以高效地催化醛的缩醛化反应。如果使用原甲酸三甲酯作为除水试剂的话，反应可以直接使用ErCl₃·6H₂O。该反应在室温下进行时，脂肪族醛只需数分钟就可定量地完成反应。芳香肪族醛在反应时间和产率上表现出稍稍偏低的活性 (式1)。在与醛完全相同的反应条件下，脂肪族酮可以定量地完成反应，而芳香肪族酮则几乎不反应。在明显的位阻情况下可以实现两种不同酮的选择性缩酮化反应 (式2)。

正是由于醛-酮结构差异和酮-酮结构差异对该反应表现出显著的选择性，所以可以实现含有醛-酮结构和酮-酮结构底物分子的选择性还原。与其它镧系元素卤化物比较，三氯化铒在该转化中具有最好选择性。在三氯化铒存在下，NaBH₄可以选择性地还原醛-酮结构分子中的酮羰基成为醇，而醛羰基保持不变 (式3)。酮-酮结构分子有时具有更好的选择性 (式4)。

最近一篇论文报道显示，三氯化铒在催化醛腙与TMSCN的手性氰基化反应中表现出比同族其它氯化物更高的化学产率和光学产率。5% 摩尔用量的三氯化铒便可满足该反应需求 (式5)。

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无水氯化铒名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
10138-41-7

[ 中文名 ]:
氯化铒(III)

[ 英文名 ]:
erbium chloride

[英文别名 ]:

EINECS 233-385-0
Erbium(III) chloride
trichloroerbium
MFCD00010989
erbium chloride
Erbium trichloride

无水氯化铒物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
4.1 g/mL at 25ºC(lit.)

[ 沸点 ]:
1500ºC

[ 熔点 ]:
774ºC(lit.)

[ 分子式 ]:
Cl₃Er

[ 分子量 ]:
273.618

[ 闪点 ]:
1500ºC

[ 精确质量 ]:
270.836853

[ LogP ]:
2.06850

[ 外观性状 ]:
粉红色结晶

[ 储存条件 ]:
室温，干燥

无水氯化铒MSDS

无水氯化铒毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: KD8575000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Erbium chloride

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 10138-41-7

LAST UPDATED :: 199701

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 5

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: Cl3-Er

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 273.61

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: ER G3

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 4417 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: EQSSDX Environmental Quality and Safety, Supplement. (Stuttgart, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1-5, 1975-76. Discontinued. Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,1,1975

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 226 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - food intake (animal) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes

REFERENCE :: AEHLAU Archives of Environmental Health. (Heldref Pub., 4000 Albemarle St., NW, Washington, DC 20016) V.1- 1960- Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,437,1962

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :: 128 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - food intake (animal) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes

REFERENCE :: AEHLAU Archives of Environmental Health. (Heldref Pub., 4000 Albemarle St., NW, Washington, DC 20016) V.1- 1960- Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,437,1962 *** REVIEWS *** TOXICOLOGY REVIEW JPMSAE Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. (American Pharmaceutical Assoc., 2215 Constitution Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20037) V.50- 1961- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,663,1965

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无水氯化铒安全信息

[ 符号 ]:

GHS07

[ 信号词 ]:
Warning

[ 危害声明 ]:
H315-H319-H335

[ 警示性声明 ]:
P261-P305 + P351 + P338

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
dust mask type N95 (US);Eyeshields;Gloves

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
Xi: Irritant;

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R36/37/38

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
26-37/39

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
NONH for all modes of transport

[ WGK德国 ]:
2

[ RTECS号 ]:
KD8575000

无水氯化铒合成路线

无水氯化铒上下游产品

无水氯化铒上游产品

无水氯化铒下游产品

无水氯化铒文献

Plasmonic enhanced emissions from cubic NaYF(4):Yb: Er/Tm nanophosphors.

Chem. Mater. 23 , 2987, (2011)

A metal shell was used in this study to provide significant enhancement of the up-converted emission from cubic NaYF(4) nanoparticles, creating a valuable composite material for labeling in biology an...

Quantitative separation of bacteria in saline solution using lanthanide Er(III) and a magnetic field.

J. Gen. Microbiol. 138(1) , 63-8, (1992)

A trivalent lanthanide ion, erbium (Er3+), has been used in combination with a magnetic separation technique to isolate seven bacterial species from suspensions in 0.9% saline. Erbium has an exception...

Fluorescence characterization of the interaction Suwannee river fulvic acid with the herbicide dichlorprop (2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propionic acid) in the absence and presence of aluminum or erbium.

J. Inorg. Biochem. 105(11) , 1469-76, (2011)

This study uses fluorescence spectroscopy to better understand the role of environmental metal ions in the interaction of charged herbicides with biochemical degradation product Suwannee River fulvic ...

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