硝化甘油

硝化甘油用途

用途一：抗菌谱与呋喃坦啶相似，对沙门菌、志贺菌、大肠杆菌、变形杆菌、链球菌、及葡萄球菌等均有抗菌作用。细菌对本品不易产生耐药性，与磺胺及抗生素也无交叉耐药性。临床上主要用于菌痢、肠炎、伤寒、副伤寒及外用治疗阴道滴虫病。
用途二：该品为具有较广抗菌谱的杀菌剂。作为抗感染类药物，对多种革兰氏阳性及阴性的大肠杆菌，炭疽杆菌，副伤寒杆菌等有效，用于治疗细菌性痢疾，肠炎，也有用于阴道感染，近年用于治疗伤寒，疗效较好。作为动物药品和饮料添加剂，对沙门氏菌，如小鸡白痢菌和大肠杆菌等具有特殊的抗菌作用，对原虫（球虫病菌等）也有一定作用，而且不易出现抗药性。呋喃唑酮少量用于基他应用领域（如水溶性涂料和纸浆）作杀菌剂。
用途三：抗感染类药，用于肠道内抗感染

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硝化甘油名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
55-63-0

[ 中文名 ]:
硝化甘油

[ 英文名 ]:
Nitroglycerin

[中文别名 ]:

[英文别名 ]:

trinitroglycerol
Perfluoroammonia
Trifluorammonia
Trifluoroammonia
nitrogliycerine
nitrogen fluoride
nitroglycerol
glycerine trinitrate
glycerol trinitrate
trifluoramine

硝化甘油物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
1.671 g/cm3

[ 沸点 ]:
295.8ºC at 760 mmHg

[ 熔点 ]:
144 - 146ºC

[ 分子式 ]:
C₃H₅N₃O₉

[ 分子量 ]:
227.08600

[ 闪点 ]:
12°C

[ 精确质量 ]:
227.00300

[ PSA ]:
165.15000

[ LogP ]:
0.54950

[ 外观性状 ]:
无色至黄色粘性液体或淡黄色晶体

[ 折射率 ]:
1.4777 (7.7ºC)

[ 储存条件 ]:
轻装轻放,库房通风、远离明火、高温、阳光,与氧化剂、易燃物,食品原料分开存放

硝化甘油MSDS

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

硝化甘油毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: QX2100000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Nitroglycerin

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 55-63-0

BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. :: 1802063

LAST UPDATED :: 199806

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 70

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C3-H5-N3-O9

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 227.11

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: WNO1YONW1ONW

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - woman

DOSE/DURATION :: 8 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - headache Cardiac - pulse rate Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - woman

DOSE/DURATION :: 8 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Cardiac - pulse rate Vascular - BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :: 51429 ug/kg/2D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Brain and Coverings - encephalitis Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - miosis (pupillary constriction) Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - corneal damage

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 105 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: >29200 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 102 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - ataxia Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - body temperature decrease

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 94 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 23200 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - tremor Behavioral - ataxia

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 115 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: >35200 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 104 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - ataxia Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - body temperature decrease

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 110 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 10600 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - ataxia Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - body temperature decrease

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 19 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - hemorrhage Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - cat

DOSE/DURATION :: 150 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Liver - other changes Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes in urine composition Blood - normocytic anemia

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 1607 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: >280 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 189 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 400 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 45 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Unreported

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - species unspecified

DOSE/DURATION :: 230 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 1500 mg/kg/30D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Blood - pigmented or nucleated red blood cells Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - transaminases

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 25480 mg/kg/26W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Liver - other changes Blood - pigmented or nucleated red blood cells Blood - changes in platelet count

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 825 mg/kg/33D-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes in urine composition Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - phosphatases

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 1575 mg/kg/13W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Endocrine - changes in adrenal weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - changes in potassium Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - transaminases

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 300 mg/kg/30D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory stimulation Endocrine - changes in thymus weight Blood - changes in platelet count

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 4900 mg/kg/5W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Endocrine - changes in thymus weight Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Blood - changes in leukocyte (WBC) count

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 36500 mg/kg/2Y-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 438 gm/kg/2Y-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors Reproductive - Tumorigenic effects - testicular tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

DOSE :: 3640 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 17-21 day(s) after conception lactating female 21 day(s) post-birth

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

DOSE :: 11 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 7-17 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - pre-implantation mortality (e.g. reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

DOSE :: 220 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 7-17 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - extra-embryonic structures (e.g., placenta, umbilical cord) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

DOSE :: 2580 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: male 91 day(s) pre-mating female 2 week(s) pre-mating - 7 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Maternal Effects - menstrual cycle changes or disorders Reproductive - Fertility - pre-implantation mortality (e.g. reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - other effects to embryo

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

DOSE :: 520 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 17 day(s) after conception - 20 day(s) post-birth

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain)

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Mutation in microorganisms

TEST SYSTEM :: Bacteria - Salmonella typhimurium

REFERENCE :: CBINA8 Chemico-Biological Interactions. (Elsevier Scientific Pub. Ireland Ltd., POB 85, Limerick, Ireland) V.1- 1969- Volume(issue)/page/year: 19,77,1977 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-TWA 0.46 mg/m3 (0.05 ppm) (skin) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information. Volume(issue)/page/year: AD778-725 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):CL 0.2 ppm (2 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):CL 0.2 ppm (2 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):CL 0.2 ppm (2 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):CL 0.2 ppm (2 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-ARAB Republic of Egypt:TWA 0.02 ppm (0.2 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 0.05 ppm (0.5 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 0.05 ppm (0.46 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 0.02 ppm (0.2 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 0.1 ppm (0.9 mg/m3);STEL 0.3 ppm (3 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 0.15 ppm (1.5 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 0.05 ppm (0.5 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-HUNGARY:STEL 0.5 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-JAPAN:STEL 0.05 ppm (0.45 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 0.05 ppm (0.5 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 0.2 ppm (2 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-POLAND:TWA 5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 0.5 ppm JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 0.1 ppm (0.9 mg/m3);STEL 0.3 ppm (3 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 0.05 ppm (0.5 mg/m3);STEL 0.1 ppm;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-THAILAND:TWA 0.2 ppm (2 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 0.2 ppm (2 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 0.2 ppm (2 mg/m3);STEL 0.2 ppm;Skin JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO NITROGLYCERIN-air:STEL 0.1 mg/m3 (Sk) REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 50890 No. of Facilities: 413 (estimated) No. of Industries: 4 No. of Occupations: 10 No. of Employees: 4331 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 50890 No. of Facilities: 384 (estimated) No. of Industries: 3 No. of Occupations: 9 No. of Employees: 38471 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 29144 (estimated)

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硝化甘油安全信息

[ 符号 ]:

GHS02

[ 信号词 ]:
Danger

[ 危害声明 ]:
H225

[ 警示性声明 ]:
P210-P370 + P378-P403 + P235

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
E,T+,N

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R11

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S7-S16-S61-S45-S36/37-S35-S33

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
1993

[ 包装等级 ]:
I

[ 危险类别 ]:
1.1A

硝化甘油上下游产品

硝化甘油上游产品

硝化甘油下游产品

硝化甘油制备

于20℃以下，甘油与混酸酯化，经洗涤得到纯品。通常产品为乙醇的10%或1%溶液。

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硝化甘油文献

Aldehyde dehydrogenase-independent bioactivation of nitroglycerin in porcine and bovine blood vessels.

Biochem. Pharmacol. 93(4) , 440-8, (2015)

The vascular bioactivation of the antianginal drug nitroglycerin (GTN), yielding 1,2-glycerol dinitrate and nitric oxide or a related activator of soluble guanylate cyclase, is catalyzed by aldehyde d...

Society of cardiovascular anesthesiologists: the effect of blood pressure regulation during aortic coarctation repair on brain, kidney, and muscle oxygen saturation measured by near-infrared spectroscopy: a randomized, clinical trial.

Anesth. Analg. 116(4) , 760-6, (2013)

In this study, we compared the effects of 3 frequently used arterial blood pressure-regulating agents on brain (rScO2), renal (SrO2), and muscle (SmO2) oxygen saturation, during aortic coarctation rep...

Transdermal nitroglycerin for the treatment of preterm labor: a systematic review and metaanalysis.

Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 209(6) , 551.e1-551.e18, (2013)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of transdermal nitroglycerin as a tocolytic agent in women with preterm labor.We conducted a systematic review and metaanalysis of ran...

更多文献

硝化甘油

硝化甘油用途

硝化甘油名称

硝化甘油物理化学性质

硝化甘油MSDS

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

硝化甘油毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

MUTATION DATA

硝化甘油安全信息

硝化甘油上下游产品

硝化甘油上游产品

硝化甘油下游产品

硝化甘油制备

硝化甘油文献

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