硼_MSDS_用途_密度_硼CAS号【7440-42-8】

【用途一】
用于半导体材料硅的掺杂、耐高温材料、高温大功率半导体及金属喷涂添加剂
【用途二】
对塑料如环氧树脂及金属类如钴、钨等起增强作用。能与铝、钛复合制成高性能复合材料。该复合材料可在高温下连续工作。硼纤维增强铝基复合材料取代钛用于制造轰炸机，既减轻了重量，又降低了成本。还可用于原子反应堆的防护板，从而防止辐射。
【用途三】
主要用于特种合金钢的冶炼，也可作熔融铜中气体的清除剂，原子反应堆中的控制棒和制火箭燃料；在电子工业中，引燃管的引燃极中要掺杂元素硼；还可用于医药、陶瓷工业及有机合成的催化剂。是制取多种硼化物的原料。
【用途四】
用作半导体材料硅的掺杂源，高温大功率半导体器件材料，红外器件材料。
【用途五】
用作半导体掺杂剂、高纯试剂等。
【用途六】
军事工业中作为抗弹陶瓷材料高级靶材涂层及硬化剂优质合金组分高技术陶瓷中的组分金属材料的脱氧剂
【用途七】
用于粉末冶金添加剂和热喷涂等表面涂层材料，还用于半导体工业。用镁还原硼酐制无定硼。用于固体冲压发动机和无烟洁净推进剂。用于ICP-AES、AAS、AFS、ICP-MS、离子色谱等。滴定分析用标准溶液。校准仪器和装置；评价方法；工作标准；质量保证/质量控制；其他。

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[ 密度 ]:
2.34 g/mL at 25ºC(lit.)

[ 沸点 ]:
3650ºC

[ 熔点 ]:
2180ºC

[ 分子式 ]:
B

[ 分子量 ]:
10.81

[ 外观性状 ]:
片

[ 储存条件 ]:
库房通风低温干燥,密闭,与PBO,NA2O2,NOx,KNO2,OF2,FNO2,NH3,BR等分开存放

[ 稳定性 ]:
Stable. Substances to be avoided include strong oxidizing agents and strong acids. May decompose on exposure to air - store under nitrogen. Highly flammable.

[ 水溶解性 ]:
H2O: soluble

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: ED7350000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Boron

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 7440-42-8

LAST UPDATED :: 199710

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 21

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: B

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 10.81

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 650 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 35(11),11,1970

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 7 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI Volume(issue)/page/year: 35(2),42,1991

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 560 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 35(11),11,1970

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 11 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI Volume(issue)/page/year: 35(2),42,1991

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 310 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 35(11),11,1970

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - cat

DOSE/DURATION :: 250 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 35(11),11,1970

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 310 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 35(11),11,1970

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :: 310 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 35(11),11,1970

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - species unspecified

DOSE/DURATION :: 300 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 40(9),49,1975 ** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 32 gm/kg/30D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Brain and Coverings - other degenerative changes Cardiac - other changes Liver - liver function tests impaired

REFERENCE :: GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI Volume(issue)/page/year: 35(2),42,1991

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 10560 ug/m3/4H/17W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain

REFERENCE :: GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI Volume(issue)/page/year: 35(2),42,1991

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 2821 mg/kg/13W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - dehydrogenases Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - transaminases Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - other transferases

REFERENCE :: GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 35(11),11,1970 *** REVIEWS *** TOXICOLOGY REVIEW KOTTAM Kogai to Taisaku. Journal of Environmental Pollution Control. (Kogai Taisaku Gijutsu Dokokai, Shuwa-Akasaka Bldg., 9-1-244, Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo 107, Japan) V.1- 1965- Volume(issue)/page/year: 11,1300,1975 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CLCHAU Clinical Chemistry (Winston-Salem, NC). (American Assoc. for Clinical Chemistry, 1725 K St., NW, Washington, DC 20006) V.1- 1955- Volume(issue)/page/year: 19,361,1973 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 80251 No. of Facilities: 995 (estimated) No. of Industries: 35 No. of Occupations: 31 No. of Employees: 6536 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X4244 No. of Facilities: 3 (estimated) No. of Industries: 1 No. of Occupations: 1 No. of Employees: 65 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 80251 No. of Facilities: 2277 (estimated) No. of Industries: 48 No. of Occupations: 74 No. of Employees: 41637 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 4576 (estimated)

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[ 符号 ]:

GHS07

[ 信号词 ]:
Warning

[ 危害声明 ]:
H302

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
dust mask type N95 (US);Eyeshields;Gloves

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
Xn: Harmful;F: Flammable;

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R11

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S24/25

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN 3178 4

[ RTECS号 ]:
ED7350000

[ 包装等级 ]:
III

[ 危险类别 ]:
4.1

[ 海关编码 ]:
2804500010

详细合成路线

硼上游产品

硼下游产品

1、高纯元素硼制造方法中有卤化硼(如BCl₃、BBr₃)氢气还原法。氢化钠还原法先是在氢化反应器中由氢气和金属钠制得氢化钠，然后加入带有搅拌器和冷凝器的反应器中，稍加热后缓缓滴加三氟化硼乙醚络合物，生成的乙硼烷气体经干燥、精制后送人电加热的石英玻璃裂解器中，在高温下裂解析出元素硼。其

2、硼纤维通常采用气相化学沉积法。将连续通入反应管的钨丝直接通电加热到1000～1200℃。在反应管中通入Ba₃和H₂的混合气体，在钨丝的表面引起反应，形成硼纤维。其

3、以三氯化硼为原料，加热至800℃以下在气相中用氢还原反应，制得高纯无定形硼。其

4、铝还原法将工业硼砂在常压下置于温度750℃以上的熔融炉里脱水成无水硼砂，经冷却、粗碎并细碎到规定的细度，按配料比与硫黄和铝粉充分混合，投入铸铁反应炉，在高温下进行反应。冷却后将熔块从炉中取出，粉碎，先用盐酸浸洗，再用氢氟酸浸洗，然后水洗和碱洗(5%氢氧化钠溶液)，最后再用水洗。分离、干燥，得晶体元素硼成品。其
5.硼纤维通常采用气相化学沉积法。将连续通入反应管的钨丝直接通电加热到1000～1200℃。在反应管中通入BC13和H2的混合气体，在钨丝的表面引起反应，形成硼纤维。
图XIII-1 制备硼的熔盐电解装置 6.镁还原法。将纯镁薄片(厚0.125～0.5mm、宽1.25～3.8mm、长5～13mm)与60目三氧化二硼按质量比1∶2或1∶3充分混合以后，在平底深铁锅中平铺一层。反应物层厚度约为12～25mm左右。在400～700℃的电炉内加热数分钟至半小时(可根据量的多少而定)，如果将火焰靠近反应物表面，在数秒钟之内就可着火，在短时间内反应即可完成。冷却后叩打锅底，取出反应物轻轻粉碎之，用稀硫酸煮沸2～5h，水洗后进行干燥。所使用的反应锅的底部为508cm×50.8cm，深度20.3cm，改变基层厚度的实例示于表。据说溶于其中的杂质是难溶于酸的MgB12、MgB20O20，B6O，而大部分是硼化镁。

表填充层厚度、混合比等与纯度。质量/gB2O3∶Mg(质量比)温度/℃基层厚度/cm硼/%Mg以外的杂质236252∶162010168981847252∶152020328962094502∶153040648822622503∶160010169142245003∶150020329230720①2∶1600279488529810①3∶170030489639

7.熔盐电解法。制备硼的熔盐电解装置如图所示，将内径为80mm、深300mm的石墨坩埚的外面用耐热合金保护起来，在其上部装上水冷钢管作为阳极，将800g氯化钾、200g氟氢化钾KHF2、100g氧化硼，装入坩埚，加热到800～850℃，使其熔融。再将直径为10mm的铁制电极悬挂在坩埚中央，并浸入熔融液体下面约100mm。电压为3.8～4.2V，电流为90A，经过145min的电解，约可得15.8g粉状硼(纯度9835%)(电流效率为70.1%)。由于阳极效应，当无电流时，将阴极抽出，补充新的电解盐。除去表面的浮渣，插入新电极开始电解，就会恢复到原来的电流。所取出的阴极，迅速撒上氯化钠冷却后，浸在水中，将硼从阴极上剥下来。用热水洗涤，浸泡在热的浓盐酸中约12h，水洗，在110℃干燥，则为无定形硼。表给出有代表性的实验。表代表性实验。实验者电解液组成/%(质量分数)KClKFKHF2B2O3KBF4电解槽。

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[ 海关编码 ]: 2804500010

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