乙腈_MSDS_用途_密度_乙腈CAS号【75-05-8】

【用途一】
用于丁腈橡胶单体、制药及碳四的抽提
【用途二】
用作色谱分析标准物质、溶剂及气相色谱固定液
【用途三】
乙腈是制备原乙酸酯的原料，是生产二氯菊酸甲酯和2-氯-3，3，3-三氟-1-丙烯基-2，2-二甲基环丙烷羧酸酯(功夫酸酯)的中间体，并可用于磺酰脲类除草剂中间体嘧啶衍生物的原料，在医药工业可用于制造维生素B₁，在合成橡胶工业中做C₄馏分的抽提剂。
【用途四】
乙腈最主要的用途是作溶剂。如作为抽提丁二烯的溶剂，合成纤维的溶剂和某些特殊涂料的溶剂。在石油工业中用于从石油烃中除去焦油、酚等物质的溶剂。在油脂工业中用作从动植物油中抽提脂肪酸的溶剂，在医药上用于甾族类药物的再结晶的反应介质。在需要高介电常数的极性溶剂时常常使用乙腈与水形成的二元共沸混合物：含乙腈84%，沸点76℃。乙腈是医药（维生素B1），香料的中间体，是制造均三嗪氮肥增效剂的原料。也用作酒精的变性剂。此外，还可以用于合成乙胺、乙酸等，并在织物染色、照明工业中也有许多用途。
【用途五】
乙腈最主要的用途是作溶剂。在石油工业中用于从石油烃中除去焦油、酚等物质的溶剂。在油脂工业中用作从动植物油中抽提脂肪酸的溶剂，在医药上用于甾族类药物的再结晶的反应介质。乙腈是医药（维生素B1），香料的中间体，是制造均三嗪氮肥增效剂的原料。也用作酒精的变性剂。此外，还可以用于合成乙胺、乙酸等，并在织物染色、照明工业中也有许多用途。

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[ 密度 ]:
0.7±0.1 g/cm3

[ 沸点 ]:
81-82 ºC

[ 熔点 ]:
−45 °C

[ 分子式 ]:
C₂H₃N

[ 分子量 ]:
41.052

[ 闪点 ]:
2 ºC

[ 精确质量 ]:
41.026550

[ PSA ]:
23.79000

[ LogP ]:
-0.45

[ 外观性状 ]:
无色透明液体

[ 蒸汽密度 ]:
1.41 (vs air)

[ 蒸汽压 ]:
171.0±0.1 mmHg at 25°C

[ 折射率 ]:
1.343-1.345

[ 储存条件 ]:
库房通风低温干燥,与氧化剂、酸类分开存放

[ 稳定性 ]:
Stability Unstable. Incompatible with alkali metals, acids, bases, reducing agents and oxidizing agents. Highly flammable.

[ 水溶解性 ]:
与水和多种有机溶剂互溶

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: AL7700000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Acetonitrile

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 75-05-8

LAST UPDATED :: 199806

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 78

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C2-H3-N

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 41.06

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: NC1

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Open irritation test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - child

DOSE/DURATION :: 800 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - hallucinations, distorted perceptions Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :: 571 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - metabolic acidosis

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :: 64 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - excitement

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human

DOSE/DURATION :: 160 ppm/4H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 2460 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 7551 ppm/8H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex) Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Blood - hemorrhage

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 850 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 3500 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 1680 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Parenteral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 1100 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 269 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 2693 ppm/1H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Liver - other changes

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 175 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - corneal damage Behavioral - ataxia Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 4480 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 612 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 16000 ppm/4H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - cat

DOSE/DURATION :: 200 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - cat

DOSE/DURATION :: 18 gm/m3

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 50 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 2828 ppm/4H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex) Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Blood - hemorrhage

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 1250 uL/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 105 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :: 177 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :: 5655 ppm/4H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex) Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Blood - hemorrhage

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Amphibian - frog

DOSE/DURATION :: 9100 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - spastic paralysis with or without sensory change Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - species unspecified

DOSE/DURATION :: 1670 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 655 ppm/7H/90D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - chronic pulmonary edema Liver - other changes Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis)

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 800 ppm/6H/13W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - ataxia Related to Chronic Data - death

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 800 ppm/6H/13W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - chronic pulmonary edema Related to Chronic Data - death

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 350 ppm/7H/91D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Primate - monkey

DOSE/DURATION :: 350 ppm/7H/91D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Brain and Coverings - changes in circulation (hemorrhage, thrombosis, etc.) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - emphysema Blood - changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 400 ppm/6H/2Y-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

DOSE :: 1800 ppm/6H

SEX/DURATION :: female 6-20 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 300 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 8 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 400 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 8 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

DOSE :: 5000 ppm/1H

SEX/DURATION :: female 8 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

DOSE :: 8000 ppm/1H

SEX/DURATION :: female 8 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system

TYPE OF TEST :: Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Sister chromatid exchange

TEST SYSTEM :: Rodent - hamster Ovary

REFERENCE :: EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.10- 1987- Volume(issue)/page/year: 10(Suppl 10),1,1987 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-Not classifiable as a human carcinogen DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-STEL 101 mg/m3 (60 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 67 mg/m3 (40 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW SAIGBL Sangyo Igaku. Japanese Journal of Industrial Health. (Nippon Sangyo Eisei Igakkai, Kosu Eisei Bldg., 1-29-8, Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160, Japan) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: 33,463,1991 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,3,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-ARAB Republic of Egypt:TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3);STEL 60 ppm ;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRIA:TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 40 ppm (67 mg/m3);STEL 60 ppm (101 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3);STEL 60 ppm (105 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3);STEL 60 ppm (105 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-HUNGARY:TWA 50 mg/m3;STEL 100 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 10 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3);STEL 80 ppm ;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3);STEL 60 ppm JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO ACETONITRILE-air:10H TWA 20 ppm REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 02900 No. of Facilities: 302 (estimated) No. of Industries: 9 No. of Occupations: 25 No. of Employees: 28201 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 02900 No. of Facilities: 1172 (estimated) No. of Industries: 19 No. of Occupations: 27 No. of Employees: 31341 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 7975 (estimated)

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[ 符号 ]:

GHS02, GHS07

[ 信号词 ]:
Danger

[ 危害声明 ]:
H225-H302 + H312 + H332-H319

[ 警示性声明 ]:
P210-P261-P280-P302 + P352 + P312-P304 + P340 + P312-P370 + P378

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
Eyeshields;Faceshields;full-face respirator (US);Gloves;multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US);type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
F:Flammable

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R11;R20/21/22;R36

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S16-S36/37-S45-S36/37/39-S27-S26-S36

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN 1993 3/PG 3

[ WGK德国 ]:
2

[ RTECS号 ]:
AL7700000

[ 包装等级 ]:
II

[ 危险类别 ]:
3

[ 海关编码 ]:
2926909090

乙腈上游产品

乙腈下游产品

乙腈的生产方法很多，其中工业生产的主要有醋酸氨化法、乙炔氨化法和丙烯氨氧化副产法等。

1.醋酸氨化法：以醋酸、氨为原料，在三氧化二铝催化剂作用下，在360-420℃温度下，进行反应，一步合成乙腈，反应液经吸水和精馏即得成品。原料消耗定额：乙酸（98%）1763kg/t、液氨（99.5%）691kg/t。

2.乙炔氨化法：以乙炔、氨为原料，以三氧化二铝催化剂，　在500-600℃温度下，一步反应合成乙腈。原料消耗定额：乙炔10231m3、液氨（99.4%）1007kg/t。

3.丙烯氨氧化副产法：以丙烯、氨和空气为原料，通过催化剂合成丙烯腈时，同时副产乙腈。每吨丙烯腈可副产25-100kg乙腈。

4.由乙酰胺与五氧化二磷脱水而得。

5.由硫酸二甲酯与氰化钠作用而得。

精制方法：工业品常含有水、烃、丙烯腈、乙酸、氨等杂质。精制时首先利用乙腈与水的共沸混合物进行共沸蒸馏除去粗制乙腈中的水分，然后进行精馏以除去高沸点物质。进一步精制时，可先用氯化钙干燥，过滤后加0.5%～1%的五氧化二磷回流，然后在常压下蒸馏。重复此操作，至五氧化二磷不再着色为止(回流和蒸馏时要接上装有五氧化二磷的干燥管，防止空气中水分进入)，再加入新熔融过的碳酸钾蒸馏，以除去微量的五氧化二磷，最后再分馏得纯品。

除用共沸蒸馏和氯化钙脱水外，也可用无水硫酸钠、碳酸钾、4A型分子筛或硅胶脱水。若有微量不饱和腈存在，可在开始时用少量氢氧化钾水溶液(每1000mL乙腈加1mL　1%氢氧化钾水溶液)回流除去。若含有异腈，可用浓盐酸处理除去，再用碳酸钾干燥后蒸馏。

6.将绝对干燥的乙酰胺与磷酸酐放于铜制的容器内，装上分馏柱及水冷凝器，加热，控制温度使反应不要过猛，反应至没有馏出物为止，收集得粗品：

在上述粗品中加入饱和碳酸钾溶液至无气泡冒出为止，再加入少量的干燥碳酸钾，搅拌均匀，静置。倒出上层腈粗品与磷酸酐一起进行分馏，收集80～82℃的馏出物即为成品。

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[ 海关编码 ]: 2926909090

[ 中文概述 ]:
2926909090 其他腈基化合物. 增值税率:17.0% 退税率:9.0% 监管条件:无最惠国关税:6.5% 普通关税:30.0%

[ 申报要素 ]: 品名, 成分含量, 用途

[ Summary ]:
HS:2926909090 other nitrile-function compounds VAT:17.0% Tax rebate rate:9.0% Supervision conditions:none MFN tariff:6.5% General tariff:30.0%

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Itraconazole suppresses the growth of glioblastoma through induction of autophagy: involvement of abnormal cholesterol trafficking.

Autophagy 10(7) , 1241-55, (2014)

Glioblastoma is one of the most aggressive human cancers with poor prognosis, and therefore a critical need exists for novel therapeutic strategies for management of glioblastoma patients. Itraconazol...

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