过硫酸铵

过硫酸铵用途

用作食品保存剂、氧化剂以及高分子聚合物的引发剂检定和测定锰，用作氧化剂。漂白剂。照相还原剂和阻滞剂。电池去极剂。用于可溶性淀粉的制备。
用作醋酸乙烯、丙烯酸酯等烯类单体乳液聚合的引发剂，价格便宜，所得乳液耐水性较好。还用作脲醛树脂的固化剂，固化速度最快。亦用作淀粉胶黏剂的助氧化剂，与淀粉成分中的蛋白质反应提高粘接性，参考用量为淀粉的0.2%～0.4%。也用作金属铜表面处理剂。
化学工业用作制造过硫酸盐和双氧水的原料,有机高分子聚合时的助聚剂、氯乙烯单体聚合时的引发剂。油脂、肥皂业用作漂白剂。还用于金属板蚀割时的腐蚀剂及石油工业采油等方面。食品级用作小麦改质剂、啤酒酵母防霉剂。

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过硫酸铵名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
7727-54-0

[ 中文名 ]:
过硫酸铵

[ 英文名 ]:
ammonium persulfate

[中文别名 ]:

[英文别名 ]:

Diammonium [(sulfonatoperoxy)sulfonyl]oxidanide
EINECS 231-786-5
Diammonium persulphate
diazanium,sulfonatooxy sulfate
Diammonium peroxydisulphate
Diammonium peroxodisulfate
MFCD00003390
ammonium peroxydisulphate
Diammonium peroxydisulfate
Ammonium peroxydisulfate

过硫酸铵物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
1.98

[ 熔点 ]:
120 °C

[ 分子式 ]:
H₈N₂O₈S₂

[ 分子量 ]:
228.202

[ 精确质量 ]:
227.972198

[ PSA ]:
150.44000

[ LogP ]:
1.34960

[ 外观性状 ]:
灰白色结晶粉末

[ 蒸汽密度 ]:
7.9 (vs air)

[ 折射率 ]:
1.50

[ 储存条件 ]:
库房通风低温干燥,轻装轻卸,与有机物、还原剂、硫、磷易燃物分开存放

[ 稳定性 ]:
Stable. Oxidizing. May ignite combustible material. Incompatible with bases, combustible material, hydrogen peroxide, peroxy compounds, silver compounds, zinc. May decompose upon exposure to water or moist air.

[ 水溶解性 ]:
582 g/L (20 ºC) decomposes

过硫酸铵MSDS

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

过硫酸铵毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: SE0350000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Peroxydisulfuric acid, diammonium salt

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 7727-54-0

LAST UPDATED :: 199712

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 9

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: O8-S2.2H4-N

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 228.22

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: H2 S2-O8 &QH 2

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 689 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: 85INA8 "Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values and Biological Exposure Indices," 5th ed., Cincinnati, OH, American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, Inc., 1986 Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,468,1986 ** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 3800 ug/m3/23H/7D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - changes in lung weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - other proteins

REFERENCE :: TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: 63,257,1982 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-TWA 0.1 mg/m3 85INA8 "Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values and Biological Exposure Indices," 5th ed., Cincinnati, OH, American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, Inc., 1986 Volume(issue)/page/year: 6,1/BEI,1997 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-DENMARK:TWA 2 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 1 mg/m3 JAN 1993 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 06175 No. of Facilities: 3573 (estimated) No. of Industries: 43 No. of Occupations: 44 No. of Employees: 55378 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 06175 No. of Facilities: 14638 (estimated) No. of Industries: 145 No. of Occupations: 100 No. of Employees: 249578 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 81412 (estimated)

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过硫酸铵安全信息

[ 符号 ]:

GHS03, GHS07, GHS08

[ 信号词 ]:
Danger

[ 危害声明 ]:
H272-H302-H315-H317-H319-H334-H335

[ 警示性声明 ]:
P220-P261-P280-P305 + P351 + P338-P342 + P311

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
Eyeshields;Faceshields;full-face particle respirator type N100 (US);Gloves;respirator cartridge type N100 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter;type P3 (EN 143) respirator cartridges

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
Xn:Harmful

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R22;R36/37/38;R42/43;R8

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S22-S24-S26-S37

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN 1444 5.1/PG 3

[ WGK德国 ]:
1

[ RTECS号 ]:
SE0350000

[ 包装等级 ]:
III

[ 危险类别 ]:
5.1

[ 海关编码 ]:
2833400000

过硫酸铵制备

1.电解法：由硫酸铵和硫酸配制成电解液，经除杂质后进行电解，HSO4^-在阳极放电而生成过二硫酸，再与硫酸铵反应生成过硫酸铵，当阳极液中过硫酸铵含量达到一定浓度，经过滤、结晶、离心分离、干燥制得过硫酸铵成品。其反应方程式如下：

阳极反应：

阴极反应：

2.经过除铁和除杂质后的精制电解液，由高位槽连续进入隔膜电解槽，电解液的组成为：阴极液为硫酸280～340kg/m3；硫酸铵180～210kg/m3。阳极液为硫酸110～140kg/m3；硫酸铵300～340kg/m3。通常阳极的电流密度为20～25A/L，槽电压为5.5～5.8V，电解温度控制在25～30℃。槽电压过高，易使已生成的过二硫酸水解成过硫酸而降低电流效率；槽温过低，易析出过硫酸铵结晶，堵塞管路。为了提高电流效率，通常添加硫氰酸铵，其量约为电解液的0.015%～0.03%。电解后，阳极液中的过硫酸铵含量应达到220～260kg/m3，收集于阳极液储槽后，经过滤加入结晶器内，在搅拌下，通入冷冻剂进行间接冷冻，使过硫酸铵结晶。待温度降至-8～-12℃时，停止冷冻。然后离心分离，再经干燥，即得成品。母液循环使用。电解法的电流效率约为84%～85%。

3.电解硫酸铵的硫酸溶液可制得过二硫酸铵。电解装置为一放在烧杯中的带底的容积为80～100mL的素烧瓷筒，素瓷筒内装入阳极液，烧杯与素瓷筒之间装阴极液。铂丝制成的螺旋状阳极插入阳极液中，以铅板制成的圆筒状的阴极置于素瓷筒外的阴极液中。将硫酸铵溶解在浓度为2mol/L的稀硫酸中制成饱和溶液，并以此溶液为阳极液，阴极液为等体积浓硫酸与水混合形成的稀硫酸溶液。烧杯放在冷水中冷却，在电解过程中保持阳极液的温度在10～20℃的范围内。在电流为2～3A下电解一段时间后，在素瓷筒中即会有过二硫酸铵的结晶析出。经3～4h后，将阳极液中的全部结晶取出并用玻璃砂芯漏斗过滤，在40℃以下的温度下进行真空干燥，即可得到过二硫酸铵产品。滤液经用硫酸铵饱和后，可再装入素瓷筒中继续电解。经2～3次反复后，阳极液中硫酸过剩较多，可在冷却的条件下用以硫酸铵饱和的氨水中和部分硫酸。经几次反复后，阴极液中的硫酸浓度会大大降低，甚至变为碱性，此时必须更换阴极液，否则电流会迅速减弱。

4.制法将硫酸铵饱和溶液和硫酸混合，滤去不溶物，作为电解液，以铂作为电极，电解温度维持在35～45℃为宜，电压12A 左右，HSO₄^-子在阳极失电子生成过二硫酸，再与硫酸铵反应生成过硫酸铵，总反应式为：

当电解液中过硫酸铵达到一定浓度，调节PH＝7～8，然后将电解液过滤，滤液冷却结晶，结晶用少量冷水洗涤至合格后甩干，在40℃以下干燥，得试剂过硫酸铵。

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过硫酸铵海关

[ 海关编码 ]: 2833400000

过硫酸铵文献

Aptamer-based polyvalent ligands for regulated cell attachment on the hydrogel surface.

Biomacromolecules 16(4) , 1382-9, (2015)

Natural biomolecules are often used to functionalize materials to achieve desired cell-material interactions. However, their applications can be limited owing to denaturation during the material funct...

Polymerization of affinity ligands on a surface for enhanced ligand display and cell binding.

Biomacromolecules 15(12) , 4561-9, (2014)

Surfaces functionalized with affinity ligands have been widely studied for applications such as biological separations and cell regulation. While individual ligands can be directly conjugated onto a s...

Use of an enzyme-assisted method to improve protein extraction from olive leaves.

Food Chem. 169 , 28-33, (2014)

The improvement of protein extraction from olive leaves using an enzyme-assisted protocol has been investigated. Using a cellulase enzyme (Celluclast® 1.5L), different parameters that affect the extra...

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过硫酸铵

过硫酸铵用途

过硫酸铵名称

过硫酸铵物理化学性质

过硫酸铵MSDS

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

过硫酸铵毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

过硫酸铵安全信息

过硫酸铵制备

过硫酸铵海关

过硫酸铵文献

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