偶氮二异丁腈

偶氮二异丁腈用途

【用途一】
有机合成中间体
【用途二】
用作聚氯乙烯、聚乙烯醇、聚苯乙烯、聚丙烯腈等单体的聚合引发剂
【用途三】
用作高分子聚合物的引发剂
【用途四】
作为氯乙烯、乙酸乙烯酯、丙烯腈等单体聚合时的引发剂，也作为橡胶、塑料的发泡剂，用量为10％～20％。
本品也可用作硫化剂、农药和有机合成的中间体。
本品属高毒类物质、小鼠口服LD₅₀17.2～25mg/kg，受热分解放出的有机氰化物对人体有较大毒害。
【用途五】
甲基丙稀酸酯包埋组织时的催化剂。高分子聚合物的引发剂。橡胶、塑料、发泡剂。聚氯乙稀塑料激发剂。

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偶氮二异丁腈名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
78-67-1

[ 中文名 ]:
偶氮二异丁腈

[ 英文名 ]:
2,2'-Azobis(2-methylpropionitrile)

[中文别名 ]:

[英文别名 ]:

2,2′-azobis(isobutyronitrile)
2,2-azobis(isobutyronitrile)
azobis(isobutyronitrile)
Propanenitrile, 2,2'-azobis[2-methyl-
2,2'-azobis-(2-methylpropionitrile)
2,2'-Azo-bis(isobutyronitrile)
Azodiisobutyrodinitrile
2,2'-Azobis(isobutyronitrile)
a,a'-azobis(isobutyronitrile)
azobisisobutyronitrile

偶氮二异丁腈物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
1.0±0.1 g/cm3

[ 沸点 ]:
236.2±25.0 °C at 760 mmHg

[ 熔点 ]:
102-104 °C (dec.)(lit.)

[ 分子式 ]:
C₈H₁₂N₄

[ 分子量 ]:
164.208

[ 闪点 ]:
96.6±23.2 °C

[ 精确质量 ]:
164.106201

[ PSA ]:
72.30000

[ LogP ]:
1.26

[ 外观性状 ]:
白色固体

[ 蒸汽压 ]:
0.0±0.5 mmHg at 25°C

[ 折射率 ]:
1.491

[ 储存条件 ]:
库房通风低温干燥,与氧化剂分开存放

[ 稳定性 ]:
Stability Flammable solid. Shock sensitive. Thermally unstable. May be explosive in combination with acetone or heptane. Incompatible with oxidizing agents.

[ 水溶解性 ]:
Insoluble

偶氮二异丁腈MSDS

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

偶氮二异丁腈毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: UG0800000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Propionitrile, 2,2'-azobis(2-methyl-

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 78-67-1

LAST UPDATED :: 199710

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 15

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C8-H12-N4

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 164.24

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: NCX1&1&NUNX1&1&CN

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 100 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - general anesthetic Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - ataxia

REFERENCE :: NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information. Volume(issue)/page/year: OTS0555369

TYPE OF TEST :: LC - Lethal concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: >12 gm/m3/4H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - conjunctive irritation Behavioral - excitement Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain

REFERENCE :: NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information. Volume(issue)/page/year: OTS0555369

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 25 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - general anesthetic Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - ataxia

REFERENCE :: NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information. Volume(issue)/page/year: OTS0555369

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 30 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes

REFERENCE :: ATXKA8 Archiv fuer Toxikologie. (Berlin, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.15-31, 1954-74. For publisher information, see ARTODN. Volume(issue)/page/year: 16,367,1957

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 700 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: 85KYAH "Merck Index; an Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals", 11th ed., Rahway, NJ 07065, Merck & Co., Inc. 1989 Volume(issue)/page/year: 11,146,1989

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 25 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information. Volume(issue)/page/year: AD691-490

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 40 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes

REFERENCE :: ATXKA8 Archiv fuer Toxikologie. (Berlin, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.15-31, 1954-74. For publisher information, see ARTODN. Volume(issue)/page/year: 16,367,1957

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 50 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes

REFERENCE :: ATXKA8 Archiv fuer Toxikologie. (Berlin, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.15-31, 1954-74. For publisher information, see ARTODN. Volume(issue)/page/year: 16,367,1957

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :: 50 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes

REFERENCE :: ATXKA8 Archiv fuer Toxikologie. (Berlin, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.15-31, 1954-74. For publisher information, see ARTODN. Volume(issue)/page/year: 16,367,1957 ** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 2200 mg/kg/11D-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Gastrointestinal - other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain Related to Chronic Data - death

REFERENCE :: NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information. Volume(issue)/page/year: OTS0555369 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 84048 No. of Facilities: 63 (estimated) No. of Industries: 4 No. of Occupations: 7 No. of Employees: 640 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 84048 No. of Facilities: 89 (estimated) No. of Industries: 7 No. of Occupations: 21 No. of Employees: 4313 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 116 (estimated)

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偶氮二异丁腈安全信息

[ 符号 ]:

GHS02, GHS07, GHS08

[ 信号词 ]:
Danger

[ 危害声明 ]:
H225-H304-H315-H336-H361d-H373

[ 补充危害声明 ]:
Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking.

[ 警示性声明 ]:
P210-P261-P281-P301 + P310-P331

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
Eyeshields;Faceshields;full-face respirator (US);Gloves;multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US);type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
E;Xn

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R2;R11;R20/22;R52/53

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S39-S41-S47-S61

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN 3234 4.1

[ WGK德国 ]:
2

[ RTECS号 ]:
UG0800000

[ 包装等级 ]:
II

[ 危险类别 ]:
4.1

[ 海关编码 ]:
2927000090

偶氮二异丁腈合成路线

详细合成路线

偶氮二异丁腈上下游产品

偶氮二异丁腈上游产品

偶氮二异丁腈下游产品

偶氮二异丁腈制备

(1)将水合肼1份、丙酮3.6份投入反应釜内，搅拌下加热至回流温度，继续加热保温回流4～6h，然后降温到60℃。缩合反应生成嗪(丙酮连氮)。
(2)将70%的硫酸溶液投入发生反应器中，然后搅拌下加入25%～30%的氰化钠水溶液，即产生氰化氢气。
(3)产生的氰化氢气体导入制成的嗪(丙酮连氮)中，控制氰化温度为55～60℃，密封下，反应5h。之后冷却降温至25～30℃，反应2h。然后静置分层，分出废水，获二异丁腈肼。
(4)将二异丁腈肼冷却降温至10℃以下，边搅拌，边从釜底通入氯气，温度会略有升高，需控制在20℃以下。尾气用水、碱吸收。氧化反应完毕后，静置沉降，过滤，滤液回收利用，滤饼用水洗涤，分去水后，获粗品偶氮二异丁腈。
(5)产品精制采用重结晶的方法。用乙醇将偶氮二异丁腈粗品溶解，过滤。滤液经低温结晶，吸滤，滤液乙醇可循环使用，滤饼低温干燥，即得成品。
6.由水合肼与丙酮于回流温度下进行缩合反应生成嗪（丙酮连氮）。由70%的硫酸与25%～30%的氰化钠反应，制得氰化氢气。然后将得到的氰化氢气与嗪（丙酮连氮）于55～60℃下反应，之后冷却降温继续反应得到二异丁腈肼。二异丁腈肼与氮气在20℃以下反应，然后静置沉降、过滤，滤液回收利用，滤饼用水洗涤，分去水后，获精品偶氮二异丁腈。用乙醇将偶氮二异丁腈粗品溶解、过滤，滤液经低温结晶，吸滤，低温干燥，即得成品。

氧化反应　将缩合反应所得二异丁腈肼、氧化介质即98%的硫酸与氧化反应的废酸、催化剂加入氧化器中搅拌，在1.5h内匀速将废酸与氯酸钠或氯酸钾配制的氧化剂溶液滴加到氧化器中，保持温度为25～30℃，继续反应0.5h。之后将反应物经过滤器过滤，清水洗涤两次，结晶即为AIBN。氧化应式如下：

AIBN精制与后处理　将结晶AIBN与3倍AIBN质量的乙醇加入精制器中，搅拌、加热，待AIBN全部溶解后降至室温以下，静置至AIBN全部结晶后在过滤器中过滤，所获结晶在真空干燥箱中干燥即得纯AIBN。用于精制后的乙醇在蒸馏器中分水回收后循环使用。

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偶氮二异丁腈海关

[ 海关编码 ]: 2927000090

[ 中文概述 ]:
2927000090 其他重氮化合物、偶氮化合物等（包括氧化偶氮化合物）. 增值税率:17.0% 退税率:9.0% 监管条件:无最惠国关税:6.5% 普通关税:30.0%

[ 申报要素 ]: 品名, 成分含量, 用途

[ Summary ]:
2927000090 other diazo-, azo- or azoxy-compounds。Supervision conditions:None。VAT:17.0%。Tax rebate rate:9.0%。MFN tariff:6.5%。General tariff:30.0%

偶氮二异丁腈文献

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偶氮二异丁腈

偶氮二异丁腈用途

偶氮二异丁腈名称

偶氮二异丁腈物理化学性质

偶氮二异丁腈MSDS

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

偶氮二异丁腈毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

偶氮二异丁腈安全信息

偶氮二异丁腈合成路线

详细合成路线

偶氮二异丁腈上下游产品

偶氮二异丁腈上游产品

偶氮二异丁腈下游产品

偶氮二异丁腈制备

偶氮二异丁腈海关

偶氮二异丁腈文献

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