丙酸
丙酸用途
用途二：防腐剂；防霉剂；香料。
用途三：用于啤酒等的粘性物质抑阻剂。
用途四：作为饲料防霉剂。用量0.15%-0.25%。
用途五：丙酸是重要的化工原料，是杀菌剂甲霜灵、苯霜灵，除草剂敌稗、喹禾灵、嗯唑禾草灵、吡氟禾草灵、噻唑禾草灵、氟吡氯禾灵、乳氟禾草灵、丙草胺、敌草胺等的中间体，也是医药中间体，并可作为食品工业防腐剂、青饲料的保鲜剂等。
用途六：丙酸是重要的精细化学品，也是其他许多精细化学品的中间体。主要用作食品和饲料添加剂，其次用于家药珍重草剂及医药、香料等。在谷物和饲料添加剂方面，丙酸的应用效果显著，消费量增长很快。（1）食口添加剂。丙酸钙和丙酸钠能防止由于微生物作用而引起的食物腐败变质，延长食品保存时间，行之有效用于面包和糕点的保存。（2）谷物保存剂。丙酸用于谷物的防霉烂和防结块获得成功，为谷物的长期贮藏保鲜提供了新方法。（3）饮料保藏剂。试验证明，丙酸、丙酸钠、丙酸钙都是较好的饲料保藏剂，多用于保藏猪、牛、羊和家禽用饲料，其中以丙酸钙效果最好。丙酸盐类中的丙酸锌和丙酸镉是生产对苯二甲酸酯的聚酯用催化剂；丙酸酯类品种很多，具有各自的用途，可作溶剂、香料、医药中间体、化妆品添加剂、树脂改性剂、香烟过滤嘴增塑剂、气油抗爆剂、抗菌剂等等。丙酸衍生物的中间体2-氯丙酸、乳酸、2,2-二氯丙酸、2-溴丙酸、3-氯丙酸、丙腈、丙酰氯，分别用于许多药物、农药除草剂、食品强化剂、香料等产品的生产。
用途七：用于制备香料用丙酸酯，并用作硝酸纤维素溶剂和增塑剂等
用途八：食品防腐剂的中间体；用于酯化反应；用于醇酸树脂的改性；用于生产合成润滑剂和液压流体。
丙酸名称
[ CAS 号 ]:
79-09-4
[ 中文名 ]:
丙酸
[ 英文名 ]:
Propionic acid
[中文别名 ]:
[英文别名 ]:
- EINECS 201-176-3
- MFCD00002756
- Propionic acid
丙酸物理化学性质
[ 密度 ]:
1.0±0.1 g/cm3
[ 沸点 ]:
141.7±3.0 °C at 760 mmHg
[ 熔点 ]:
−24-−23 °C(lit.)
[ 分子式 ]:
C3H6O2
[ 分子量 ]:
74.078
[ 闪点 ]:
51.7±0.0 °C
[ 精确质量 ]:
74.036781
[ PSA ]:
37.30000
[ LogP ]:
0.25
[ 外观性状 ]:
透明无色液体
[ 蒸汽密度 ]:
2.55 (vs air)
[ 蒸汽压 ]:
4.2±0.3 mmHg at 25°C
[ 折射率 ]:
1.397
[ 储存条件 ]:
包装完整、轻装轻卸,库房通风、远离明火、高温、与氧化剂、碱分开存放
[ 稳定性 ]:
Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. Flammable.
[ 水溶解性 ]:
37 g/100 mL
丙酸MSDS
丙酸毒性和生态
CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION
- RTECS NUMBER :
- UE5950000
- CHEMICAL NAME :
- Propionic acid
- CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
- 79-09-4
- BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. :
- 0506071
- LAST UPDATED :
- 199712
- DATA ITEMS CITED :
- 39
- MOLECULAR FORMULA :
- C3-H6-O2
- MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
- 74.09
- WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
- QV2
HEALTH HAZARD DATA
ACUTE TOXICITY DATA
- TYPE OF TEST :
- Open irritation test
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Administration onto the skin
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rabbit
- TYPE OF TEST :
- Standard Draize test
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Administration into the eye
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rabbit
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 2600 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Parenteral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 3500 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Unreported
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 1510 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - excitement Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intravenous
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 625 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Unreported
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 1370 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - excitement Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Administration onto the skin
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rabbit
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 500 uL/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intravenous
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rabbit
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 1320 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Unreported
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rabbit
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 1900 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - excitement Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Mammal - species unspecified
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 1640 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 14 gm/kg/7D-C
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Gastrointestinal - other changes
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 23 mg/m3/24H/30D-C
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Brain and Coverings - recordings from specific areas of CNS Blood - changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - true cholinesterase
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Unreported
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 4598 mg/kg/9W-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Blood - other changes
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 33600 mg/kg/7D-C
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Gastrointestinal - other changes
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - hamster
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 42 gm/kg/7D-C
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Gastrointestinal - other changes
MUTATION DATA
- TYPE OF TEST :
- Sister chromatid exchange
- TEST SYSTEM :
- Human Lymphocyte
- REFERENCE :
- MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 279,75,1992 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-TWA 30 mg/m3 (10 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW AMIHAB AMA Archives of Industrial Health. (Chicago, IL) V.11-21, 1955-60. For publisher information, see AEHLAU. Volume(issue)/page/year: 21,100,1960 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** EPA FIFRA 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,7740,1989 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);STEL 15 ppm (45 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);STEL 15 ppm (45 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 20 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);STEL 20 ppm (60 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);STEL 15 ppm (45 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO PROPIONIC ACID-air:10H TWA 10 ppm;STEL 15 ppm REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 62460 No. of Facilities: 429 (estimated) No. of Industries: 9 No. of Occupations: 19 No. of Employees: 8081 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 62460 No. of Facilities: 1411 (estimated) No. of Industries: 30 No. of Occupations: 42 No. of Employees: 31092 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 8489 (estimated)
丙酸安全信息
[ 符号 ]:
GHS02, GHS05, GHS07
[ 信号词 ]:
Danger
[ 危害声明 ]:
H226-H314-H335
[ 警示性声明 ]:
P210-P280-P303 + P361 + P353-P304 + P340 + P310-P305 + P351 + P338-P403 + P235
[ 个人防护装备 ]:
Faceshields;full-face respirator (US);Gloves;Goggles;multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US);type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter
[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
C:Corrosive
[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R34
[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S26-S36-S45-S23
[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN 3463 8/PG 2
[ WGK德国 ]:
1
[ RTECS号 ]:
UE5950000
[ 包装等级 ]:
II
[ 危险类别 ]:
8
[ 海关编码 ]:
2915501000
丙酸制备
微生物如Propionibacterium acidipropionici、Pshermanii可以利用多种可发酵糖来生产丙酸。工业上可先将多种生物质用酸或酶水解成葡萄糖或木糖等单糖，然后引入反应器进行发酵。发酵完成后加入石灰乳，沉淀，过滤后加入硫酸钠进行复分解反应，再经过滤和浓缩，加入硫酸转化后再进行分馏而得。发酵反应器可以采用固定化原生质体塔式反应器，细胞通过如下形式固定：用浸入法使预先灭菌的填充环表面覆盖一层经过灭菌的含20%明胶和1.5%虫胶的溶液，干后用2.5%的戊二醛水溶液喷淋，使填充环表面的高分子发生交联，以增加强度。再用无菌水冲洗，然后以乙二醇灭菌，排放乙二醇后用灭菌氮气吹干净。此后向充满此填充环的反应器中加入丙酸菌培养液，使其在填充环表面形成一层固定细胞膜，然后即可连续加料进行发酵。
精制方法：用无水硫酸钠干燥后蒸馏，收集139~141℃馏分。馏出物加少量固体高锰酸钾再蒸馏。也可以将其转变为乙酯后分馏。再将丙酸乙酯水解的方法精制。
1．低碳烃直接氧化法 以低碳烃为原料氧化生产乙酸时能联产甲酸和丙酸，分离后即可得到丙酸。请参见乙酸。
2．雷珀（Reppe）法 乙烯在羰基镍催化作用下与一氧化碳和水反应一步合成丙酸。反应条件是250～320℃和10～30MPa。
3．丙醛氧化法 丙醛在丙酸锰催化剂存在下，与空气或氧气反应生成丙酸。
4．丙腈水解法 由丙腈在浓硫酸催化作用下水解制得，其反应式如下：
5．丙烯酸法 由丙烯酸加氢还原制得，其反应式如下：
6．乙醇羰基化法 乙醇与一氧化碳在催化剂存在下反应制得。
丙酸海关
[ 海关编码 ]: 2915501000
丙酸文献
MBio 5(5) , e01631-14, (2014)
Animal-associated bacteria (microbiota) affect host behaviors and physiological traits. To identify bacterial genetic determinants of microbiota-responsive host traits, we employed a metagenome-wide a...
Improved production of propionic acid in Propionibacterium jensenii via combinational overexpression of glycerol dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase from Klebsiella pneumoniae.Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 81(7) , 2256-64, (2015)
Microbial production of propionic acid (PA), an important chemical building block used as a preservative and chemical intermediate, has gained increasing attention for its environmental friendliness o...
Combined effects of nutrients and temperature on the production of fermentative aromas by Saccharomyces cerevisiae during wine fermentation.Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 99(5) , 2291-304, (2015)
Volatile compounds produced by yeast during fermentation greatly influence the organoleptic qualities of wine. We developed a model to predict the combined effects of initial nitrogen and phytosterol ...
相关化工产品/化学物质：
推荐生产厂家/供应商：
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￥需询单/1mg
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￥需询单/1g
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相关化合物
【丙酸】化源网提供丙酸CAS号79-09-4，丙酸MSDS及其说明、性质、英文名、生产厂家、作用/用途、分子量、密度、沸点、熔点、结构式等。CAS号查询丙酸上化源网，专业又轻松。>>电脑版：丙酸
标题：丙酸_MSDS_用途_密度_丙酸CAS号【79-09-4】_化源网 地址：https://m.chemsrc.com/mip/cas/79-09-4_161996.html