溴乙烷
溴乙烷用途
用于医药、农药、染料工业，是有机合成中的乙基化剂，也用作致冷剂和有机溶剂
【用途二】
用作分析试剂
【用途三】
在有机合成中用作乙基化剂，也是合成医药、农药、染料、香料的原料。还可用作溶剂、制冷剂和熏蒸剂等。
【用途四】
有机合成的乙基化试剂，溶剂，致冷剂，有机合成。
溴乙烷名称
[ CAS 号 ]:
74-96-4
[ 中文名 ]:
溴乙烷
[ 英文名 ]:
Bromoethane
[中文别名 ]:
[英文别名 ]:
- Hydrobromic ether
- EINECS 200-825-8
- Monobromoethane
- Ethane,bromo
- Bromure d'ethyle
- Bromic ether
- 1-bromo ethane
- ethyl btomide
- ethylbromide
- MFCD00000232
溴乙烷物理化学性质
[ 密度 ]:
1.46 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
[ 沸点 ]:
37-40 °C(lit.)
[ 熔点 ]:
-119 °C
[ 分子式 ]:
C2H5Br
[ 分子量 ]:
108.96500
[ 闪点 ]:
-23 °C
[ 精确质量 ]:
107.95700
[ LogP ]:
1.40120
[ 外观性状 ]:
无色液体带有一种像醚的气味
[ 蒸汽密度 ]:
~3.75 (vs air)
[ 蒸汽压 ]:
25.32 psi ( 55 °C)
[ 折射率 ]:
n20/D 1.425(lit.)
[ 储存条件 ]:
库房通风低温干燥,与氧化剂、食品添加剂分开存放
[ 稳定性 ]:
Stable. Highly flammable. Readily forms explosive mixtures with air. Note low flash point. Incompatible with alkali metals, aluminium, magnesium, strong bases, water, strong oxidizing agents. May be light sensitive.
[ 水溶解性 ]:
0.91 g/100 mL (20 ºC)
溴乙烷MSDS
溴乙烷毒性和生态
CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION
- RTECS NUMBER :
- KH6475000
- CHEMICAL NAME :
- Ethane, bromo-
- CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
- 74-96-4
- LAST UPDATED :
- 199712
- DATA ITEMS CITED :
- 49
- MOLECULAR FORMULA :
- C2-H5-Br
- MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
- 108.98
- WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
- E2
HEALTH HAZARD DATA
ACUTE TOXICITY DATA
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 1350 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 26980 ppm/1H
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intraperitoneal
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 1750 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 16230 ppm/1H
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intraperitoneal
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 2850 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 2 pph/6H/14D-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Related to Chronic Data - death
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 1600 ppm/6H/14W-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Blood - changes in spleen Related to Chronic Data - death
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 1 pph/6H/14D-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Related to Chronic Data - death
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 100 ppm/6H/2Y-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Brain and Coverings - tumors
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 200 ppm/6H/2Y-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Reproductive - Tumorigenic effects - uterine tumors
MUTATION DATA
- TYPE OF TEST :
- Sister chromatid exchange
- TEST SYSTEM :
- Rodent - hamster Ovary
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 100 mg/L
- REFERENCE :
- EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.10- 1987- Volume(issue)/page/year: 13,60,1989 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-Animal carcinogen DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 22 mg/m3 (5 ppm) (skin) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 IARC Cancer Review:Animal Limited Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 52,299,1991 IARC Cancer Review:Human No Available Data IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 52,299,1991 IARC Cancer Review:Group 3 IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 52,299,1991 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 200 ppm (890 mg/m3) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,105,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 200 ppm (890 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 200 ppm (890 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 200 ppm (890 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 200 ppm (890 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 200 ppm (890 mg/m3);STEL 250 ppm (1110 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRIA:TWA 200 ppm (890 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 200 ppm (891 mg/m3);STEL 250 ppm (1100 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 200 ppm (890 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 200 ppm (890 mg/m3);STEL 250 ppm (1115 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 288 ppm (890 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 200 ppm (890 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-HUNGARY:TWA 50 mg/m3;STEL 100 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 200 ppm (890 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 300 ppm (890 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-POLAND:TWA 50 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 5 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 200 ppm (890 mg/m3);STEL 1000 ppm JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 200 ppm (890 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 200 ppm (890 mg/m3);STEL 250 ppm JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 31900 No. of Facilities: 14 (estimated) No. of Industries: 1 No. of Occupations: 1 No. of Employees: 196 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 31900 No. of Facilities: 1452 (estimated) No. of Industries: 15 No. of Occupations: 13 No. of Employees: 12285 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 1535 (estimated)
溴乙烷安全信息
[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
F:Flammable
[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R11;R20/22;R40
[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S36/37
[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN 1891 6.1/PG 2
[ WGK德国 ]:
1
[ RTECS号 ]:
KH6475000
[ 包装等级 ]:
II
[ 危险类别 ]:
6.1
[ 海关编码 ]:
2903399090
溴乙烷合成路线
溴乙烷上下游产品
溴乙烷上游产品
溴乙烷下游产品
溴乙烷制备
1.由乙醇与溴化钠反应而得：在反应锅内加入40%溴化钠溶液及乙醇，搅拌下加入硫酸，温度不超过50℃。加完后在45-50℃反应2h。蒸馏，馏出液用3%碳酸钠溶液中和，静置2h分取有机相即为溴乙烷。原料消耗定额：乙醇（95%）557kg/t、氢溴酸（48%）1610kg/t、硫酸（92%）1165kg/t。
2.由乙醇和溴素反应而得：搅拌下将溴素慢慢加到硫黄和水的悬浮液中，温度保持在35-40℃。然后加入乙醇。在25-28℃加入硫酸，反应42h。蒸馏，收集38-39℃馏分即得溴乙烷。收率90%左右。原料消耗定额：乙醇770kg/t、溴素250kg/t、硫酸1042kg/t、硫磺18kg/t。方法（1）中，也可以用氢溴酸与乙醇反应，制备过程与溴化钠法相同，收率都为96%，另外由乙烯与溴化氢加成或由乙烷溴化都可以得到溴乙烷。工业品溴乙烷纯度≥98%。
3.以工业品溴乙烷为原料，用浓硫酸洗涤数次，用水洗涤一次，再用10%的碳酸钠溶液洗涤2次，用5%的硫代硫酸钠溶液洗涤一次，静置分去水层，用无水氯化钙干燥后，精馏，收集37～40℃馏分即为成品。
4.制法：
于装有搅拌器、滴液漏斗、蒸馏装置的反应瓶中，加入48%的氢溴酸41.5g(2.81mol)，水浴冷却，搅拌下慢慢加入浓硫酸120g(65mL),再加入95%的乙醇(2)100g（2.06mol），慢慢加热，并由滴液漏斗滴加浓硫酸109mL，同时蒸出生成的溴乙烷。接引管伸入接受瓶中水面下，接受瓶用冰水冷却。待无溴乙烷蒸出时，停止反应。分出馏出物种的粗溴乙烷，依次用水、5%的碳酸钠溶液、水洗涤，无水氯化钙干燥。水浴加热蒸馏，收集38～39℃的馏分，得溴乙烷(1)205g,收率91%。
5.制法：
于反应瓶中加入95%的乙醇(2)100mL(1.7mol),水90mL，不断搅拌下慢慢加入浓硫酸190mL，反应放热，注意冷却至室温。搅拌下慢慢加入研细的溴化钠163g(1.5mL),和几粒沸石。安上蒸馏装置，接受瓶中加入适量冰水，并将其置于冰浴中。慢慢加热，使反应和蒸馏平稳进行，直至无油状物镏出为止。分出有机层，硫酸干燥。蒸馏，收集35～40℃的馏分，得溴乙烷(1)100～120g,收率61%～74%。
溴乙烷海关
[ 海关编码 ]: 2903399090
[ 中文概述 ]:
2903399090. 其他无环烃的氟化、溴化或碘化衍生物. 增值税率:17.0%. 退税率:13.0%. 监管条件:无. 最惠国关税:5.5%. 普通关税:30.0%
[ 申报要素 ]: 品名, 成分含量, 用途
[ Summary ]:
2903399090. brominated,fluorinated or iodinated derivatives of acyclic hydrocarbons. VAT:17.0%. Tax rebate rate:13.0%. . MFN tariff:5.5%. General tariff:30.0%
相关化工产品/化学物质：
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价格：
￥98.0/500g
联系人：刘佳
产品详情：溴乙烷
公司名：上海阿拉丁生化科技股份有限公司
区域：上海市浦东新区
价格：
￥97.0/500g
￥39.0/25g
￥需询单/1g
￥需询单/1g
联系人：阿拉丁李高志
产品详情：溴乙烷
公司名：山东金悦源新材料有限公司
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价格：
￥10000.0/1ton
联系人：王思兵
产品详情：溴乙烷
公司名：西安康诺化工有限公司
区域：西安市雁塔区
价格：
￥需询单/1kg
联系人：高经理
产品详情：溴乙烷
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相关化合物
【溴乙烷】化源网提供溴乙烷CAS号74-96-4，溴乙烷MSDS及其说明、性质、英文名、生产厂家、作用/用途、分子量、密度、沸点、熔点、结构式等。CAS号查询溴乙烷上化源网，专业又轻松。>>电脑版：溴乙烷
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