二氯乙烷

二氯乙烷用途

主要用作氯乙烯、乙二醇、乙二酸、乙二胺、四乙基铅、多乙烯多胺及联苯甲酰的原料。也用作油脂、树脂、橡胶的溶剂，干洗剂，农药除早菊素、咖啡因、维生素、激素的萃取剂，湿润剂，浸透剂，石油脱蜡，抗震剂，还用于农药制造以及药物灭虫宁、哌哔嗪的原料。在农业上可用作粮?

二氯乙烷名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
1300-21-6

[ 中文名 ]:
1,1-二氯乙烷

[ 英文名 ]:
Dichloroethane

[中文别名 ]:

二氯乙烷物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
1.2±0.1 g/cm3

[ 沸点 ]:
83.5±0.0 °C at 760 mmHg

[ 熔点 ]:
-35ºC

[ 分子式 ]:
C₂H₄Cl₂

[ 分子量 ]:
98.959

[ 闪点 ]:
15.6±0.0 °C

[ 精确质量 ]:
97.969009

[ LogP ]:
1.41

[ 蒸汽压 ]:
83.9±0.1 mmHg at 25°C

[ 折射率 ]:
1.413

二氯乙烷毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: KH9800000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Ethane, dichloro-

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 1300-21-6

BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. :: 0605264

LAST UPDATED :: 199710

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 16

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C2-H4-Cl2

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 98.96

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: G2G

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 1120 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: HYSAAV Hygiene and Sanitation (USSR). English translation of GISAAA. (Springfield, VA) 1964-71. Discontinued. Volume(issue)/page/year: 32(3),349,1967

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 625 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: HYSAAV Hygiene and Sanitation (USSR). English translation of GISAAA. (Springfield, VA) 1964-71. Discontinued. Volume(issue)/page/year: 32(3),349,1967

TYPE OF TEST :: LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 10 gm/m3

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 20(8),19,1955

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 500 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI Volume(issue)/page/year: 18(6),53,1974

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 3890 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: UCDS** Union Carbide Data Sheet. (Union Carbide Corp., 39 Old Ridgebury Rd., Danbury, CT 06817) Volume(issue)/page/year: 3/23/1970

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - species unspecified

DOSE/DURATION :: 1 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI Volume(issue)/page/year: 32(10),25,1988

TYPE OF TEST :: LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - species unspecified

DOSE/DURATION :: 5 gm/m3

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI Volume(issue)/page/year: 32(10),25,1988 ** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

DOSE :: 15 mg/m3/4H

SEX/DURATION :: female 16 week(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - pre-implantation mortality (e.g. reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea) Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive - Fertility - female fertility index (e.g. # females pregnant per # sperm positive females; # females pregnant per # females mated)

REFERENCE :: GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 41(6),100,1976

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

DOSE :: 57 mg/m3/4H

SEX/DURATION :: female 26 week(s) pre-mating female 1-22 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - stillbirth Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - live birth index (measured after birth) Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain)

REFERENCE :: GTPZAB Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1-36, 1957-1992. For publisher information, see MTPEEI Volume(issue)/page/year: 19(7),20,1975

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

DOSE :: 15 mg/m3/4H

SEX/DURATION :: female 96 day(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Maternal Effects - menstrual cycle changes or disorders

REFERENCE :: AKGIAO Akushcherstvo i Ginekologiya (Moscow). (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) No.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 53(2),57,1977

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

DOSE :: 15 mg/m3/4H

SEX/DURATION :: female 96 day(s) pre-mating female 1-18 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death

REFERENCE :: AKGIAO Akushcherstvo i Ginekologiya (Moscow). (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) No.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 53(2),57,1977

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

DOSE :: 57 mg/m3/4H

SEX/DURATION :: female 22 week(s) pre-mating

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - female fertility index (e.g. # females pregnant per # sperm positive females; # females pregnant per # females mated) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain)

REFERENCE :: GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 39(7),25,1974 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - A1086 No. of Facilities: 176 (estimated) No. of Industries: 3 No. of Occupations: 5 No. of Employees: 3200 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - A1086 No. of Facilities: 84 (estimated) No. of Industries: 3 No. of Occupations: 6 No. of Employees: 3207 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 1149 (estimated)

二氯乙烷安全信息

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
F:Flammable;T:Toxic;

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R11;R22;R36/37/38;R45

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S45-S53

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN 1184 3/PG 2

[ 包装等级 ]:
II

[ 海关编码 ]:
2903150000

二氯乙烷制备

1.乙烯与氯气直接合成法　以乙烯和氯气在1,2-二氯乙烷介质中进行氯化生成粗二氯乙烷及少量多氯化物，加碱闪蒸除去酸性物及部分高沸物，用水洗涤至中性，共沸脱水，精馏，得成品。2.乙烯氧氯化法乙烯直接与氯气氯化生成二氯乙烷。由二氯乙烷裂解制氯乙烯时回收的氯化氢和预热至150-200℃的含氧气体（空气）和乙烯，通过载于氧化铝上的氯化铜触媒，在压力0.0683-0.1033MPa；温度200-250℃下反应，粗产品经冷却（使大部分三氯乙醛和部分水冷凝）；加压；精制，得二氯乙烷产品。3.由石油裂解气或焦炉的乙烯直接氯化的方法。此外，在氯乙醇；环氧乙烷的生产中还副产有1,2-二氯乙烷。4.将工业品1,2-二氯乙烷是用浓硫酸洗至酸层无色，而后用5%的氢氧化钙溶液洗，再用水洗一次，分去水层。用无水氯化钙干燥后，进行精馏。1,2-二氯乙烷能与水形成共沸混合物，含有8.9%的水，共沸点7.7℃。利用此特性脱去大量的水后再进行干燥和蒸馏即得纯品1,2-二氯乙烷。5.将催化剂三氯化铁、氯化铜或氯化亚锑悬浮于二氯乙烷中作为反应介质，分别通入气体乙烯和氯气进行反应，控制反应温度为50～70℃，反应压力0.4～0.5 MPa：反应所得产物用水洗去氯化氢和催化剂，静置分层，分去水层，然后用1%～2%的氢氧化钠洗涤，分去水层后进行共沸精馏，蒸出的共沸物静置分去水层，干燥后，再精馏，即得1,2-二氯乙烷纯品。

二氯乙烷海关

[ 海关编码 ]: 2903150000

[ 申报要素 ]: 品名, 成分含量, 用途

[ 监管条件 ]: A.入境货物通关单 B.出境货物通关单 X.有毒化学品环境管理放行通知单

[ 检验检疫 ]: R.进口食品卫生监督检验 S.出口食品卫生监督检验 M.进口商品检验 N.出口商品检验

[ Summary ]:
2903150000 1,2-dichloroethane。supervision conditions:ABx(certificate of inspection for goods inward,certificate of inspection for goods outward,environment control release notice for poisonous chemicals)。VAT:17.0%。tax rebate rate:0.0%。MFN tarrif:5.5%。general tariff:30.0%