毒理学数据:
1.急性毒性
LD50:3500mg/kg(大鼠经口);17800mg/kg(兔经皮)
LC50:55000mg/m3(大鼠吸入,2h);35500mg/m3(小鼠吸入,2h)
2.刺激性
家兔经皮:开放性刺激试验:15mg(24h),轻度刺激。
家兔经眼:500mg,重度刺激。
3.亚急性与慢性毒性 动物慢性毒性表现为肝、肾及睾丸轻度损害。
4.致突变性 姐妹染色单体交换:人淋巴细胞10mmol/L。哺乳动物体细胞突变:小鼠淋巴细胞80mg/L。
5.致畸性 雌性大鼠受孕后6~15d吸入600mg/m3(14h),引发仔鼠肌肉骨骼系统发育畸形。
6.致癌性 IARC致癌性评论:G2B,可疑人类致癌物。
7.其他 大鼠吸入最低中毒浓度(TCLo):985ppm(7h)(孕1~19d),致胚胎毒性(如胚胎发育迟缓)。家兔吸入最低中毒浓度(TCLo):99ppm(7h)(孕1~18d),影响每窝胎数。
生态学数据:
1.生态毒性
LC50:32mg/L(96h)(蓝鳃太阳鱼);97.1mg/L(96h)(孔雀鱼);42.3~48.5mg/L(96h)(黑头呆鱼)
IC50:33~160mg/L(72h)(藻类)
2.生物降解性
好氧生物降解性(h):72~240
厌氧生物降解性(h):4224~5472
3.非生物降解性
光解最大光吸收波长范围(nm):208~269.5
空气中光氧化半衰期(h):8.56~85.6
4.其他有害作用 该物质对环境有危害,由于其挥发性比较大,在地表水体中的乙苯主要迁移过程是挥发和在空气中的光解。故而生物富集量不多。
CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION
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RTECS NUMBER :
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DA0700000
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CHEMICAL NAME :
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Benzene, ethyl-
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
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100-41-4
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LAST UPDATED :
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199712
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DATA ITEMS CITED :
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62
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MOLECULAR FORMULA :
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C8-H10
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MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
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106.18
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WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
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2R
HEALTH HAZARD DATA
ACUTE TOXICITY DATA
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TYPE OF TEST :
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Open irritation test
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Administration onto the skin
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - rabbit
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TYPE OF TEST :
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Standard Draize test
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Administration into the eye
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - rabbit
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TYPE OF TEST :
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TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Inhalation
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Human
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DOSE/DURATION :
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100 ppm/8H
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - effect, not otherwise specified Behavioral - sleep Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
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TYPE OF TEST :
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LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Oral
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - rat
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DOSE/DURATION :
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3500 mg/kg
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Liver - other changes Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes
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TYPE OF TEST :
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LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Inhalation
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - rat
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DOSE/DURATION :
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4000 ppm/4H
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
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TYPE OF TEST :
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LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Inhalation
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - mouse
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DOSE/DURATION :
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50 gm/m3/2H
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
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TYPE OF TEST :
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LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Intraperitoneal
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - mouse
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DOSE/DURATION :
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2624 uL/kg
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
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TYPE OF TEST :
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LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Administration onto the skin
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - rabbit
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DOSE/DURATION :
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17800 uL/kg
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
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TYPE OF TEST :
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LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Inhalation
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - guinea pig
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DOSE/DURATION :
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10000 ppm
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Sense Organs and Special Senses (Olfaction) - effect, not otherwise specified Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation Behavioral - tremor
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TYPE OF TEST :
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TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Inhalation
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - rat
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DOSE/DURATION :
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740 ppm/6H/92D-I
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - changes in lung weight Liver - changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in bladder weight
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TYPE OF TEST :
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TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Inhalation
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - rat
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DOSE/DURATION :
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782 ppm/6H/4W-I
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Liver - changes in liver weight Blood - changes in leukocyte (WBC) count Blood - changes in platelet count
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TYPE OF TEST :
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TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Inhalation
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - mouse
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DOSE/DURATION :
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975 ppm/6H/97D-I
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Liver - changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in bladder weight
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TYPE OF TEST :
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TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Inhalation
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - mouse
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DOSE/DURATION :
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782 ppm/6H/4W-I
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Liver - changes in liver weight
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TYPE OF TEST :
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TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Inhalation
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - rabbit
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DOSE/DURATION :
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100 mg/m3/4H/30W-I
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Blood - other changes Blood - changes in leukocyte (WBC) count
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TYPE OF TEST :
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TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Inhalation
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DOSE :
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97 ppm/7H
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SEX/DURATION :
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female 15 day(s) pre-mating
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Reproductive - Fertility - female fertility index (e.g. # females pregnant per # sperm positive females; # females pregnant per # females mated)
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TYPE OF TEST :
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TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Inhalation
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DOSE :
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985 ppm/7H
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SEX/DURATION :
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female 1-19 day(s) after conception
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
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TYPE OF TEST :
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TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Inhalation
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DOSE :
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96 ppm/7H
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SEX/DURATION :
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female 1-19 day(s) after conception
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
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TYPE OF TEST :
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TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Inhalation
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DOSE :
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600 mg/m3/24H
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SEX/DURATION :
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female 7-15 day(s) after conception
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
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TYPE OF TEST :
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TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Inhalation
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DOSE :
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2400 mg/m3/24H
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SEX/DURATION :
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female 7-15 day(s) after conception
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
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TYPE OF TEST :
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TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Inhalation
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DOSE :
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99 ppm/7H
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SEX/DURATION :
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female 1-18 day(s) after conception
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Reproductive - Fertility - litter size (e.g. # fetuses per litter; measured before birth)
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TYPE OF TEST :
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TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Inhalation
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DOSE :
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500 mg/m3/24H
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SEX/DURATION :
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female 7-20 day(s) after conception
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
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TYPE OF TEST :
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TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Inhalation
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DOSE :
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1 gm/m3/24H
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SEX/DURATION :
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female 7-20 day(s) after conception
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Reproductive - Fertility - abortion
MUTATION DATA
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TYPE OF TEST :
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Micronucleus test
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TEST SYSTEM :
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Rodent - hamster Embryo
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REFERENCE :
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MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 392,61,1997 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-STEL 543 mg/m3 (125 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 434 mg/m3 (100 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 100 ppm (435 mg/m3) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,104,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 100 ppm (435 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 100 ppm (435 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 100 ppm (435 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 100 ppm (435 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 100 ppm (435 mg/m3);STEL 125 ppm (545 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 100 ppm (434 mg/m3);STEL 125 ppm (543 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 50 ppm (217 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 100 ppm (435 mg/m3);STEL 150 ppm (655 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 100 ppm (435 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 100 ppm (440 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-HUNGARY:TWA 100 mg/m3;STEL 200 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-JAPAN:TWA 100 ppm (430 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 100 ppm (435 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 100 ppm (435 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-POLAND:TWA 100 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:TWA 100 ppm;STEL 50 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 50 ppm (200 mg/m3);STEL 100 ppm (450 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 100 ppm (435 mg/m3);STEL 500 ppm JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 100 ppm (435 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 100 ppm (435 mg/m3);STEL 125 ppm JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO ETHYL BENZENE-air:10H TWA 100 ppm;STEL 125 ppm REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 31830 No. of Facilities: 7190 (estimated) No. of Industries: 64 No. of Occupations: 55 No. of Employees: 57442 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 31830 No. of Facilities: 17633 (estimated) No. of Industries: 126 No. of Occupations: 92 No. of Employees: 201833 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 34405 (estimated)
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