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相关CAS号：
1858254-93-9 1858240-73-9
1858240-04-6 1858241-14-1

67-56-1

67-56-1结构式
67-56-1结构式
  • 常用中文名：甲醇
  • 常用英文名：Methanol
  • CAS号：67-56-1
  • 分子式：CH4O
  • 分子量：32.042
  • 相关类别： 有机原料 醇、酚、酚醇类化合物及衍生物 无环醇
  • 发布时间：2018-06-11 12:31:23
  • 更新时间：2026-06-30 09:33:13
  • 【用途一】
    主要用来制备甲醛以及在有机合成中用作甲基化剂和溶剂，是甲基叔丁基醚的原料，也可用作汽车燃料
    【用途二】
    用作分析试剂及色谱分析试剂，也用于有机合成
    【用途三】
    用于硫酸钙和硫酸镁的分离，溴化锶和溴化钡的分离，测定硼的试剂
    【用途四】
    萃取溶剂。其成品最高允许残留量：香辛料油树脂50mg/kg，酒花抽提物2.2mg/kg。
    GB 2760-96列为食品加工助剂。
    【用途五】
    基本有机原料之一。主要用于制造甲醛、醋酸、氯甲烷、甲胺和硫酸二甲酯等多种有机产品。也是农药（杀虫剂、杀螨剂）、医药（磺胺类、合霉素等）的原料，合成对苯二甲酸二甲酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯和丙烯酸甲酯的原料之一。还是重要的溶剂，亦可掺入汽油作替代燃料使用。20世纪80年代以来，甲醇用于生产汽油辛烷值添加剂甲基叔丁基醚、甲醇汽油、甲醇燃料，以及甲醇蛋白等产品，大大促进了甲醇生产的发展和市场需要。
中文名 甲醇
英文名 methanol
中文别名 甲醇(用于挥发性有机物的/MS分析, )
甲醇, 用于生物化学
甲醇, 生物
甲醇测定用标准溶液
甲醇, 环境
粗甲醇
甲醇, 制备色谱
甲醇(农残级, )
二类残留溶剂-甲醇
木精
甲醇,超干溶剂
无水甲醇
乙醇中甲醇
甲醇(色谱级+, )
甲醇, HPLC
甲醇(分析标准品,)
甲醇纯度标准物质木醇木精
甲醇(精)
水中甲醇
HYDRANAL-标准水 5.00,用于返滴定
甲醇,低水
水中甲醇标准品
甲醇 木精
LEDA HPLC甲醇
甲醇溶液标准物质
甲醇,)
甲醇(蛋白测序级,)
甲醇,半导体级, 最低
甲醇(危化品)
甲醇 光谱
甲醇 标准品
甲醇, 无水 氩气下可重封的CHEMSEAL瓶包装
甲醇,超干溶剂,带分子筛
工业甲醇
甲醇, 超干溶剂, WATERPPM, J&KSEAL瓶
乙醇/水中甲醇
甲醇(STANDD FOR ,)
二甲基亚砜:甲醇溶液
木醇
甲醇,水<50PPM,特干,筛滤,99
标样-乙醇中甲醇
甲醇(LC-MS,)
纯甲醇 低丙酮含量
甲醇(无水级,)
甲醇(HPLC)(天地)
甲醇 FOR HPLC
甲醇, 超干溶剂, 带分子筛, WATERPPM, J&KSEAL瓶
甲醇(色谱级)
酚:氯仿:异戊醇, PH 5.2
甲醇¤(见40064294)
甲醇-S
甲醇,无水
乙醇中甲醇溶液标准物质
英文别名 METHANOL, FOR ADIENT ELUTION IN HPLC, 7 L
Methanol, ECD tested for pesticide analysis, for residue analysis
KF SOLVENT, "WaterMk" METHYL ALCOHOL ANHYDROUS
Hydroxymethane
methanol, bioade
METHYL RED MIXED SOLUTION R
Methanol, residue free, for electronic use
methanol, environmental ade
METHANOL CHROMASOLV FOR HPLC ADIE&
METHYLALCOHOL,ABSOLUTE
methanol absolute
Methyl alcohol
CH3OH
Methanol, water ppm, extra dry over mol. sieve
Methanol, for HPLC adient ade
METHANOL 5 L
AQUASTANHYDROUSMETHANOL
METHANOL SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC ADE
METHYL RED SOLUTION R
METHANOL, NATURAL
METHANOL THM ADE
hydranal-water-in-methanol standd 5.00
MeOH
METHANOL ABSOLUTE, FREE OF ACETONE
Methanol, extra
AQUASTWATER/METHANOLSTANDD
METHYL RED MIXED SOLUTION
carbinol
METHANOL, FOR ADIENT ELUTION IN HPLC, 4 X 2.5 L
monocarbinol
METHANOL LOW WATER FOR TITRATION
Methanol, for spectroscopy
Methyl alcohol dried
METHYL RED, NEUTRAL
METHYL RED, WATER SOLUBLE
METHANOL NF ADE
Methanol dried
METHANOL, ANHYDROUS
Methanol, water ppm, extra dry
METHYL ALCOHOL DISTILLED IN GLASS
Alcohol, methyl
methanol, ultrapure, hplc ade
MFCD00002425
AQUASTSOLIDWATERSTANDD
METHANOL PROTEIN SEQUENCING ADE
METHANOL B&J ADE
METHANOL , Glass bottle
methanol, ultrapure, spectrophotometric ade
METHYL RED ETHANOL
METHANOL >= A.C.S
METHANOL FOR RESIDUE ANALYSIS
METHANOL FREE FROM ACETONE, EXTRA , DAB
METHANOL SPECTRANAL
EINECS 200-659-6
METHANOL LC-MS CHROMASOLV
CI NO
METHANOL SEMICONDUCTOR ADE ULSI PURANA
Methanol, for analysis
METHYL ALCOHOL
METHYL ALCOHOL LOW WATER
METHANOL FOR ADIENT ELUTION IN HPLC
METHANOL SEMICONDUCTOR ADE PURANAL
Cbinol，colonial spirit
METHYL RED, SPIRIT SOLUBLE
Methanol, for HPLC
METHYL RED INDICATOR
密度 0.8±0.1 g/cm3
沸点 48.1±3.0 °C at 760 mmHg
熔点 -98ºC
分子式 CH4O
分子量 32.042
闪点 11.1±0.0 °C
精确质量 32.026215
PSA 20.23000
LogP -0.72
外观性状 透明无色液体
蒸汽密度 1.11 (vs air)
蒸汽压 265.4±0.1 mmHg at 25°C
折射率 1.311
储存条件

储存注意事项 储存于阴凉、通风良好的专用库房内，远离火种、热源。库温不宜超过37℃，保持容器密封。应与氧化剂、酸类、碱金属等分开存放，切忌混储。采用防爆型照明、通风设施。禁止使用易产生火花的机械设备和工具。储区应备有泄漏应急处理设备和合适的收容材料。
稳定性

1.化学性质：具有饱和一元醇的通性，由于只有一个碳原子，因此有其特有的反应。例如：① 与氯化钙形成结晶状物质CaCl2·4CH3OH，与氧化钡形成BaO·2CH3OH的分子化合物并溶解于甲醇中；类似的化合物有MgCl2·6CH3OH、CuSO4·2CH3OH、CH3OK·CH3OH、AlCl3·4CH3OH、AlCl3·6CH3OH、AlCl3·10CH3OH等；② 与其他醇不同，由于-CH2OH基与氢结合，氧化时生成的甲酸进一步氧化为CO2；③ 甲醇与氯、溴不易发生反应，但易与其水溶液作用，最初生成二氯甲醚(CH2Cl)2O，因水的作用转变成HCHO与HCl；④ 与碱、石灰一起加热，产生氢气并生成甲酸钠；CH3OH+NaOH→HCOONa+2H2；⑤ 与锌粉一起蒸馏，发生分解，生成CO和H2O。

2.甲醇为有毒化工产品，具有显著的麻醉作用，对于视神经危害最为严重。饮入5~10ml/kg甲醇可致严重中毒,10ml/kg以上有失明危险，饮入30ml/kg可以致死。甲醇可经消化道、呼吸道及皮肤渗透侵入人体导致中毒。吸入浓的甲醇蒸气时，除了特有的症状酩酊、头痛以外，常使视力模糊而眼痛。这些症状有的在数小时之后即能发生，重症时，呈现眩晕、呼吸困难、胃痛、疝痛、便秘，有时还会有出血，需要数日才恢复。在这期间也能引起疲劳、不适，重症时能出现发绀。不论急性、慢性都需要较长时间才能恢复。工作场所空气中甲醇蒸气最高容许浓度260mg/m3。防护方法在于生产设备密闭，严防入口、入眼或接触伤口。如有黏沾，迅速用水冲洗。急性中毒者迅速移到新鲜空气处。严重者送医院诊治。

3.属中等毒类。主要作用于神经系统，具有麻醉作用。可被皮肤吸收、饮用或吸入蒸气而造成中毒，其特征是刺激视神经及网膜，导致眼睛失明。乙醇在体内能迅速分解排除，而甲醇排出缓慢，故有累积性。吸入甲醇蒸气会刺激眼、鼻和咽喉，引起眩晕、头痛、沉醉、流泪和视力模糊。重症时呈现麻醉、呼吸困难、恶心、呕吐、胃痛、疝痛、膀胱痛、便秘、有时还会出血。一般误饮5~10ml可致严重中毒，15ml可致失明，30ml左右可致死。兔经口致死量为10ml/kg。嗅觉阈浓度140mg/m3。TJ36-79规定车间空气中最高容许浓度为50mg/m3。

4.稳定性 稳定

5.禁配物 酸类、酸酐、强氧化剂、碱金属

6.聚合危害 不聚合
水溶解性 miscible
分子结构

1、摩尔折射率：8.21

2、摩尔体积（cm3/mol）：42.5

3、等张比容（90.2K）：88.6

4、表面张力（dyne/cm）：18.8

5、极化率（10-24cm3）：3.25
计算化学

1.疏水参数计算参考值（XlogP）:-0.5

2.氢键供体数量:1

3.氢键受体数量:1

4.可旋转化学键数量:0

5.互变异构体数量:无

6.拓扑分子极性表面积20.2

7.重原子数量:2

8.表面电荷:0

9.复杂度:2

10.同位素原子数量:0

11.确定原子立构中心数量:0

12.不确定原子立构中心数量:0

13.确定化学键立构中心数量:0

14.不确定化学键立构中心数量:0

15.共价键单元数量:1
更多

1.性状：无色透明液体，有刺激性气味。

2.熔点（℃）：-97.8

3.沸点（℃）：64.7

4.相对密度（水=1）：0.79

5.相对蒸气密度（空气=1）：1.1

6.饱和蒸气压（kPa）：12.3（20℃）

7.燃烧热（kJ/mol）：-723

8.临界温度（℃）：240

9.临界压力（MPa）：7.95

10.辛醇/水分配系数：-0.82~-0.77

11.闪点（℃）：12（CC）；12.2（OC）

12.引燃温度（℃）：464

13.爆炸上限（%）：36.5

14.爆炸下限（%）：6

15.溶解性：溶于水，可混溶与醇类、乙醚等多数有机溶剂。

16.折射率（n20ºC）：1.3284

17.黏度（mPa·s,15ºC）：0.6405

18.黏度（mPa·s,20ºC）：0.5945

19.黏度（mPa·s,25ºC）：0.5525

20.黏度（mPa·s,30ºC）：0.5142

21.闪点（ºC,开口）：11

22.闪点（ºC,闭口）：12.0

23.蒸发热（KJ/mol,b.p.）：35.32

24.熔化热（KJ/kg）：98.81

25.生成热（KJ/mol,气体）：-201.39

26.生成热（KJ/mol,液体）：-238.82

27.比热容（KJ/(kg·K),20ºC,定压）：2.51

28.沸点上升常数：0.785

29.电导率（S/m,25ºC）：1.5×10-9

30.热导率（W/(m·K),30ºC）：21.3527

31.体膨胀系数（K-1,20ºC）：0.00119

32.体膨胀系数（K-1,55ºC）：0.00124

33.相对密度（25℃，4℃）：1.7866

34.相对密度（25℃，4℃）：1.3265

35.临界密度（g·cm-3）：0.273

36.临界体积（cm3·mol-1）：117

37.临界压缩因子：0.223

38.偏心因子：0.566

39.Lennard-Jones参数（A）：3.8632

40.Lennard-Jones参数（K）：419.86

41.溶度参数(J·cm-3)0.5：29.532

42.van der Waals面积（cm2·mol-1）：3.580×109

43.van der Waals体积（cm3·mol-1）：21.710

44.气相标准燃烧热(焓)(kJ·mol-1)：764.9

45.气相标准声称热(焓)( kJ·mol-1) ：-201.5

46.气相标准熵(J·mol-1·K-1) ：239.88

47.气相标准生成自由能( kJ·mol-1)：-161.6

48.气相标准热熔(J·mol-1·K-1)：44.06

49.液相标准燃烧热(焓)(kJ·mol-1)：-726.9

50.液相标准声称热(焓)( kJ·mol-1)：-239.1

51.液相标准熵(J·mol-1·K-1) ：127.24

52.液相标准生成自由能( kJ·mol-1)：-166.88

53.液相标准热熔(J·mol-1·K-1)：81.4
国标编号: 32058
ＣＡＳ: 67-56-1
中文名称: 甲醇
英文名称: methyl alcohol；Methanol
别 名: 木酒精
分子式: CH4O；CH3OH
分子量: 32.04
熔 点: -97.8℃ 沸点：64.8℃
密 度: 相对密度(水=1)0.79；
蒸汽压: 11℃
溶解性: 溶于水，可混溶于醇、醚等多数有机溶剂
稳定性: 稳定
外观与性状: 无色澄清液体，有刺激性气味
危险标记: 7(易燃液体)
用 途: 主要用于制甲醛、香精、染料、医药、火药、防冻剂等

2.对环境的影响:

一、健康危害

侵入途径：吸入、食入、经皮吸收。健康危害：对中枢神经系统有麻醉作用；对视神经和视网膜有特殊选择作用，引起病变；可致代谢性酸中毒。急性中毒：短时大量吸入出现轻度眼及上呼吸道刺激症状(口服有胃肠道刺激症状)；经一段时间潜伏期后出现头痛、头晕、乏力、眩晕、酒醉感、意识朦胧、谵妄，甚至昏迷。视神经及视网膜病变，可有视物模糊、复视等，重者失明。代谢性酸中毒时出现二氧化碳结合力下降、呼吸加速等。慢性影响：神经衰弱综合征，植物神经功能失调，粘膜刺激，视力减退等。皮肤出现脱脂、皮炎等。

二、毒理学资料及环境行为

毒性：属中等毒类。急性毒性：LD505628mg/kg(大鼠经口)；15800mg/kg(兔经皮)；LC5082776mg/kg，4小时(大鼠吸入)；人经口5～10ml，潜伏期8～36小时，致昏迷；人经口15ml，48小时内产生视网膜炎，失明；人经口30～100ml中枢神经系统严重损害，呼吸衰弱，死亡。亚急性和慢性毒性：大鼠吸入50mg/m3，12小时/天，3个月，在8～10周内可见到气管、支气管粘膜损害，大脑皮质细胞营养障碍等。致突变性：微生物致突变：啤酒酵母菌12pph。DNA抑制：人类淋巴细胞300mmol/L。生殖毒性：大鼠经口最低中毒浓度(TDL0)：7500mg/kg(孕7～19天)，对新生鼠行为有影响。大鼠吸入最低中毒浓度(TCL0)：20000ppm(7小时)，(孕1～22天)，引起肌肉骨骼、心血管系统和泌尿系统发育异常。

危险特性：易燃，其蒸气与空气可形成爆炸性混合物。遇明火、高热能引起燃烧爆炸。与氧化剂接触发生化学反应或引起燃烧。在火场中，受热的容器有爆炸危险。其蒸气比空气重，能在较低处扩散到相当远的地方，遇明火会引着回燃。 燃烧(分解)产物：一氧化碳、二氧化碳。

3.现场应急监测方法:

气体检测管法； 便携式气相色谱法；直接进水样气相色谱法气体速测管（北京劳保所产品）

4.实验室监测方法:
监测方法 来源 类别
溶剂解吸气相色谱法 WS/T143-1999 作业场所空气
气相色谱法 HJ/T33-1999 固定污染源排气
变色酸比色法；
气相色谱法		 《空气中有害物质的测定方法》(第二版)，杭士平编 空气
气相色谱法 《水质分析大全》张宏陶主编 水质
品红亚硫酸法 《化工企业空气中有害物质测定方法》，化学工业出版社 化工企业空气
5.环境标准:
中国(TJ36-79) 车间空气中有害物质的最高容许浓度 50mg/m3
中国(TJ36-79) 居住区大气中有害物质的最高容许浓度 3.00mg/m3(一次值)
1.00mg/m3(日均值)
中国(GB16297-1996) 大气污染物综合排放标准 ①最高允许排放浓度(mg/m3)：
190(表2)；220(表1)
②最高允许排放速率(kg/h)：
二级5.1～100(表2)；6.1～130(表1)
三级7.8～170(表2)；9.2～200(表1)
③无组织排放监控浓度限值：
12mg/m3(表2)；15mg/m3(表1)
前苏联(1978) 地面水中有害物质最高允许浓度 3.0mg/L
前苏联(1978) 渔业用水中最高允许浓度 0.1mg/L
前苏联 污水中有害物质最高允许浓度 20mg/L
　 嗅觉阈浓度 140mg/m3

6.应急处理处置方法:

一、泄漏应急处理

迅速撤离泄漏污染区人员至安全区，并进行隔离，严格限制出入。切断火源。建议应急处理人员戴自给正压式呼吸器，穿防毒服。不要直接接触泄漏物。尽可能切断泄漏源，防止进入下水道、排洪沟等限制性空间。小量泄漏：用砂土或其它不燃材料吸附或吸收。也可以用大量水冲洗，洗液稀释后放入废水系统。大量泄漏：构筑围堤或挖坑收容；用泡沫覆盖，降低蒸气灾害。用防爆泵转移至槽车或专用收集器内。回收或运至废物处理场所处置。

二、防护措施

呼吸系统防护：可能接触其蒸气时，应该佩戴过滤式防毒面罩(半面罩)。紧急事态抢救或撤离时，建议佩戴空气呼吸器。 眼睛防护：戴化学安全防护眼镜。 身体防护：穿防静电工作服。 手防护：戴橡胶手套。 其它：工作现场禁止吸烟、进食和饮水。工作毕，淋浴更衣。实行就业前和定期的体检。

三、急救措施

皮肤接触：脱去被污染的衣着，用肥皂水和清水彻底冲洗皮肤。 眼睛接触：提起眼睑，用流动清水或生理盐水冲洗。就医。吸入：迅速脱离现场至空气新鲜处。保持呼吸道通畅。如呼吸困难，给输氧。如呼吸停止，立即进行人工呼吸。就医。 食入：饮足量温水，催吐，用清水或1%硫代硫酸钠溶液洗胃。就医。

灭火方法：尽可能将容器从火场移至空旷处。喷水保持火场容器冷却，直至灭火结束。处在火场中的容器若已变色或从安全泄压装置中产生声音，必须马上撤离。灭火剂：抗溶性泡沫、干粉、二氧化碳、砂土。

毒理学数据:

1.急性毒性

LD50：7300mg/kg（小鼠经口）；15800mg/kg（兔经皮）

LC50：64000ppm（大鼠吸入，4h）

2.刺激性

家兔经皮：20mg（24h），中度刺激。

家兔经眼：40mg，中度刺激。

3.亚急性与慢性毒性 大鼠吸入50mg/m3，每天12h，3个月，在8~10周内可见到气管、支气管黏膜损害，大脑皮质细胞营养障碍等。

4.致突变性 微生物致突变：酿酒酵母菌12%。DNA抑制：人类淋巴细胞300mmol/L。

5.致畸性 鼠孕后6~14d吸入最低中毒剂量（TCLo）20000ppm（7h），致肌肉骨骼系统、心血管系统、泌尿生殖系统发育畸形。大鼠、小鼠孕后不同时间给予不同剂量，可致内分泌系统、眼、耳、中枢神经系统、颅面部（包括鼻、舌）发育畸形。

6.其他大鼠经口最低中毒剂量（TDLo）：7500mg/kg（孕7~19d），对新手鼠行为有影响。大鼠吸入最低中毒浓度（TCLo）：20000ppm（7h）（孕1~22d），引起肌肉骨骼、心血管系统和泌尿系统发育异常。

生态学数据:

1.对呼吸道及胃肠道黏膜有刺激作用，对血管神经有毒作用，引起血管痉挛，形成瘀血或出血；对视神经和视网膜有特殊的选择作用，使视网膜因缺乏营养而坏死。

2.生态毒性 LC50：15.4~29.4g/L（96h）（黑头呆鱼）

3.生物降解性 MITI-I测试，初始浓度100ppm，污泥浓度30ppm，2周后降解92%。

4.非生物降解性 空气中，当羟基自由基浓度为5.00×105个/cm3时，降解半衰期为17d（理论）。

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :
PC1400000
CHEMICAL NAME :
Methanol
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
67-56-1
LAST UPDATED :
199712
DATA ITEMS CITED :
109
MOLECULAR FORMULA :
C-H4-O
MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
32.05
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
Q1

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
TYPE OF TEST :
Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration into the eye
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
TYPE OF TEST :
Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration into the eye
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human - man
DOSE/DURATION :
6422 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Brain and Coverings - changes in circulation (hemorrhage, thrombosis, etc.) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human - man
DOSE/DURATION :
3429 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - visual field changes
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human
DOSE/DURATION :
428 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - headache Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human
DOSE/DURATION :
143 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - optic nerve neuropathy Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION :
4 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - visual field changes Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human
DOSE/DURATION :
86000 mg/m3
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cough Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human
DOSE/DURATION :
300 ppm
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - visual field changes Behavioral - headache Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human - man
DOSE/DURATION :
868 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
5628 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
64000 ppm/4H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
7529 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
2131 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
7300 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
50 gm/m3/2H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
10765 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
9800 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
4710 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION :
7500 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Primate - monkey
DOSE/DURATION :
7 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - muscle weakness Behavioral - ataxia Behavioral - coma
TYPE OF TEST :
LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Primate - monkey
DOSE/DURATION :
1000 ppm
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Primate - monkey
DOSE/DURATION :
393 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - cat
DOSE/DURATION :
44 gm/m3/6H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - food intake (animal) Behavioral - muscle weakness Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - cat
DOSE/DURATION :
4641 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
14200 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
15800 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
1826 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
8907 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION :
3556 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - hamster
DOSE/DURATION :
8555 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Parenteral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Amphibian - frog
DOSE/DURATION :
59 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - spastic paralysis with or without sensory change Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
12 gm/kg/8W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - ataxia Behavioral - alteration of operant conditioning
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
7 mL/kg/7D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - other changes Biochemical - Effect on specific coenzyme - B vitamins including folate
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
50 mg/m3/12H/13W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Brain and Coverings - other degenerative changes Behavioral - muscle contraction or spasticity
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
2610 ppm/6H/4W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Endocrine - changes in spleen weight
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
3846 ug/kg/30D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - phosphatases Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - transaminases
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
7500 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 17-19 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
35295 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 1-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - female fertility index (e.g. # females pregnant per # sperm positive females; # females pregnant per # females mated) Reproductive - Fertility - pre-implantation mortality (e.g. reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea) Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
35295 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 1-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - biochemical and metabolic
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
20 gm/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive - Fertility - litter size (e.g. # fetuses per litter; measured before birth)
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
20000 ppm/7H
SEX/DURATION :
female 1-22 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - cardiovascular (circulatory) system Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - urogenital system
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
20000 ppm/7H
SEX/DURATION :
female 7-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - endocrine system
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
10000 ppm/7H
SEX/DURATION :
female 7-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
200 ppm/20H
SEX/DURATION :
male 78 week(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, sperm duct
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
5200 uL/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 10 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - eye/ear Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - urogenital system
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
40 gm/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial (including nose and tongue)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
4 gm/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 7 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial (including nose and tongue) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
1500 ppm/6H
SEX/DURATION :
female 7-9 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
5000 ppm/7H
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial (including nose and tongue)
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
7500 ppm/7H
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
2000 ppm/7H
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
15000 ppm
SEX/DURATION :
female 7-9 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
DOSE :
5 gm/kg
SEX/DURATION :
male 5 day(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)
TYPE OF TEST :
Cytogenetic analysis
TYPE OF TEST :
DNA damage
TYPE OF TEST :
Cytogenetic analysis

MUTATION DATA

TEST SYSTEM :
Rodent - mouse
REFERENCE :
ENMUDM Environmental Mutagenesis. (New York, NY) V.1-9, 1979-87. For publisher information, see EMMUEG. Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,381,1983 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-STEL 328 mg/m3 (250 ppm) (skin) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 262 mg/m3 (200 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MEDIAV Medicine. (Williams & Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1922- Volume(issue)/page/year: 32,431,1953 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CLCHAU Clinical Chemistry (Winston-Salem, NC). (American Assoc. for Clinical Chemistry, 1725 K St., NW, Washington, DC 20006) V.1- 1955- Volume(issue)/page/year: 19,361,1973 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW FNSCA6 Forensic Science. (Lausanne, Switzerland) V.1-11, 1972-78. For pub lisher information, see FSINDR. Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,67,1973 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW JTEHD6 Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. (Hemisphere Pub., 1025 Vermont Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20005) V.1- 1975/76- Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,153,1975 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MJAUAJ Medical Journal of Australia. (Australasian Medical Pub. Co. Ltd., 71-79 Arundel St., Glebe, N.S.W., Australia) V.1- 1914- Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,483,1978 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** EPA FIFRA 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,7740,1989 MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 200 ppm (260 mg/m3) (skin) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,155,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 200 ppm (260 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 200 ppm (260 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 200 ppm (260 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 200 ppm (260 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-ARAB Republic of Egypt:TWA 200 ppm (260 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 200 ppm (260 mg/m3);STEL 250 ppm;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 200 ppm (262 mg/m3);STEL 250 ppm;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 200 ppm (260 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 200 ppm (260 mg/m3);STEL 250 ppm;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 200 ppm (260 mg/m3);STEL 1000 ppm (1300 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 200 ppm (260 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-HUNGARY:TWA 50 mg/m3;STEL 100 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-JAPAN:TWA 200 ppm (260 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 200 ppm (260 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 200 ppm (260 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-POLAND:TWA 100 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:TWA 200 ppm;STEL 5 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 200 ppm (250 mg/m3);STEL 250 ppm (350 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 200 ppm (260 mg/m3);STEL 400 ppm;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-THAILAND:TWA 200 ppm (260 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 200 ppm (260 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 200 ppm (260 mg/m3);STEL 250 ppm;Skin JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO METHANOL-air:10H TWA 200 ppm (Sk);STEL 250 ppm (Sk) REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 45930 No. of Facilities: 78840 (estimated) No. of Industries: 344 No. of Occupations: 203 No. of Employees: 737242 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 45930 No. of Facilities: 101075 (estimated) No. of Industries: 373 No. of Occupations: 225 No. of Employees: 1620617 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 388352 (estimated)

符号 GHS02 GHS06 GHS08
GHS02, GHS06, GHS08
信号词 Danger
危害声明 H225-H301 + H311 + H331-H370
警示性声明 P210-P260-P280-P301 + P310-P311
个人防护装备 Eyeshields;Faceshields;full-face respirator (US);Gloves;multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US)
危害码 (欧洲) F:Flammable
风险声明 (欧洲) R11;R23/24/25;R39/23/24/25
安全声明 (欧洲) S16-S36/37-S45-S7
危险品运输编码 UN 1230
WGK德国 1
RTECS号 PC1400000
包装等级 II
危险类别 3
海关编码 2905110000

1.工业上合成甲醇几乎全部采用一氧化碳加压催化加氢的方法，工艺过程包括造气、合成净化、甲醇合成和粗甲醇精馏等工序。粗甲醇的净化过程包括精馏和化学处理。化学处理主要用碱破坏在精馏过程中难以分离的杂质，并调节pH值；精馏主要是脱除易挥发组分如二甲醚，以及难挥发组分职乙醇、高碳醇和水。粗馏后的纯度一般都可达到98%以上。

2.将工业甲醇用精馏的方法将含水量降到0.01%以下。再用次碘酸钠处理，可除去其中的丙酮。经精馏得纯品甲醇。

3.BV-Ⅲ级甲醇的制备主要采用精馏工艺。以工业甲醇为原料，经精馏、超净过滤、超净分装，得高纯甲醇产品。

4.一般均以工业甲醇为原料，经常压蒸馏除去水分，控制塔顶64～65℃，过滤除去不溶物即可。

海关编码 2905110000
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