95-13-6

• 常用中文名：茚
• 常用英文名：Indene
• CAS号：95-13-6
• 分子式：C₉H₈
• 分子量：116.160
• 相关类别： 化学试剂 有机试剂 芳烃
• 发布时间：2018-04-28 08:00:00
• 更新时间：2024-01-02 12:23:57
• 【用途一】
  用于合成树脂、杀虫剂及用作溶剂
  【用途二】
  除少量用于有机溶剂和杀虫剂的中间体外，主要用于生产茚-古马隆树脂。茚-古马隆树脂的原料是重苯和轻油馏分中蒸馏切取的160-215℃的馏分，大致含苯乙烯6%、古马隆4%、茚40%、4-甲基苯乙烯5%和少量二甲苯、甲苯等化合物，树脂总量占原料的60-70%。在氯化铝、氟化硼或者浓硫酸等催化剂作用下，将茚、古马隆馏分在加压或不加压下聚合，即生成茚-古马隆树脂。
  【用途三】
  除少量用于有机溶剂和杀虫剂的中间体外，主要用于生产茚-古马隆树脂。

名称

• 中文名: 茚
• 英文名: 1H-indene
• 英文别名: kannit; L56 BHJ; 1H-Indene; (+)-xylitol; newtol; Klinit; Kylit; EINECS 202-393-6; Indene; Meso-X; XYLIT; MFCD00003777; eutrit; XYLITE; Xilite; (1H)-indene

物化性质

• 密度: 1.0±0.1 g/cm3
• 沸点: 181.6±0.0 °C at 760 mmHg
• 熔点: −5-−3 °C(lit.)
• 分子式: C₉H₈
• 分子量: 116.160
• 闪点: 58.9±0.0 °C
• 精确质量: 116.062599
• LogP: 2.91
• 外观性状: 淡黄色至橙色液体
• 蒸汽压: 1.2±0.2 mmHg at 25°C
• 折射率: 1.596
• 储存条件: 1.储存于阴凉、通风的库房。远离火种、热源。防止阳光直射。远离火源，防静电。包装密封。应与氧化剂分开存放，切忌混储。配备相应品种和 数量的消防器材。储区应备有合适的材料收容泄漏物。 2.本品可燃，遇明火，高热，有发生燃烧危险，应贮存阴凉，通风良好仓库内，远离热源，火种，与氧化剂分开存放，轻装轻卸，保持包装完整，不宜久存，防止变质。; 3. 贮藏过程中能聚合和氧化。
• 稳定性:

  1.本品可燃，遇明火高温有燃烧危险。在空气中易氧化，暴露在空气和日光中能形成聚合物。避免与氧化物、光接触。

  2.大鼠可耐受反复六次吸入３．８～４．２ｍｇ／Ｌ本品而无可见中毒症状。工作场所空气中最大容许浓度为２４０ｍｇ／ｍ３。

  3. 存在于烟气中。

• 水溶解性: INSOLUBLE
• 分子结构:

  1、 摩尔折射率：38.03

  2、 摩尔体积（cm³/mol）：111.8

  3、 等张比容（90.2K）：284.8

  4、 表面张力（dyne/cm）：42.1

  5、 介电常数：2.77

  6、 偶极距（10-24cm3）：无此用

  7、 极化率：15.07

• 计算化学:

  1.疏水参数计算参考值（XlogP）:无

  2.氢键供体数量:0

  3.氢键受体数量:0

  4.可旋转化学键数量:0

  5.互变异构体数量:无

  6.拓扑分子极性表面积0

  7.重原子数量:9

  8.表面电荷:0

  9.复杂度:124

  10.同位素原子数量:0

  11.确定原子立构中心数量:0

  12.不确定原子立构中心数量:0

  13.确定化学键立构中心数量:0

  14.不确定化学键立构中心数量:0

  15.共价键单元数量:1

• 更多:

  1. 性状：无色透明油状液体

  2. 密度（g/mL,20/4℃）：0.9960

  3. 相对密度（g/mL,50/4℃）：0.9692

  4. 熔点（ºC）：-2

  5. 沸点（ºC,常压）：182.44

  6. 折射率（18.5ºC）：1.5773

  7. 折射率（n20ºC）：1.5764

  8. 闪点（ºC）：58

  9. 溶解性：不溶于水，可溶于乙醇、乙醚、丙酮、苯、吡啶等有机溶剂。

  10. 相对密度（25℃，4℃）：0.9949

  11. 常温折射率（n²⁵）：1.5737

  12. 溶度参数(J·cm^-3)^0.5：20.467

  13. van der Waals面积（cm²·mol^-1）：7.930×10⁹

  14. van der Waals体积（cm³·mol^-1）：68.890

  15. 气相标准燃烧热(焓)(kJ·mol^-1)：-4848.3

  16. 气相标准声称热(焓)( kJ·mol^-1) ：163.4

  17. 气相标准熵(J·mol^-1·K^-1) ：334.04

  18. 气相标准生成自由能( kJ·mol^-1)：235.1

  19. 气相标准热熔(J·mol^-1·K^-1)：124.31

  20. 液相标准燃烧热(焓)(kJ·mol^-1)：-4795.5

  21. 液相标准声称热(焓)( kJ·mol^-1)：110.6

  22. 液相标准熵(J·mol^-1·K^-1) ：214.18

  23. 液相标准生成自由能( kJ·mol^-1)：217.8

  24. 液相标准热熔(J·mol^-1·K^-1)：186.94

MSDS

Name: Indene Tech. 90% Material Safety Data Sheet Synonym: None CAS: 95-13-6 Section 1 - Chemical Product MSDS Name:Indene Tech. 90% Material Safety Data Sheet Synonym:None Section 2 - COMPOSITION, INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS CAS# Chemical Name content EINECS# 95-13-6 Indene >90 202-393-6 Hazard Symbols: None Listed. Risk Phrases: None Listed. Section 3 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION EMERGENCY OVERVIEW Air sensitive. Potential Health Effects Eye: May cause eye irritation. Skin: May cause skin irritation. May cause skin sensitization, an allergic reaction, which becomes evident upon re-exposure to this material. Ingestion: May cause liver and kidney damage. May cause digestive tract disturbances. Inhalation: May cause respiratory tract irritation. Chronic: May cause liver and kidney damage. Repeated exposure may cause sensitization dermatitis. Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES Eyes: Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid immediately. Skin: Get medical aid. Flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse. Ingestion: Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid immediately. Do NOT induce vomiting. If conscious and alert, rinse mouth and drink 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water. Inhalation: Get medical aid immediately. Remove from exposure and move to fresh air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Notes to Physician: Section 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES General Information: As in any fire, wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Combustible liquid. Vapors may be heavier than air. They can spread along the ground and collect in low or confined areas. Containers may explode when heated. Extinguishing Media: In case of fire, use water, dry chemical, chemical foam, or alcohol-resistant foam. Use water spray to cool fire-exposed containers. Use agent most appropriate to extinguish fire. Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES General Information: Use proper personal protective equipment as indicated in Section 8. Spills/Leaks: Absorb spill with inert material (e.g. vermiculite, sand or earth), then place in suitable container. Clean up spills immediately, observing precautions in the Protective Equipment section. Remove all sources of ignition. Use a spark-proof tool. Provide ventilation. Section 7 - HANDLING and STORAGE Handling: Wash thoroughly after handling. Use only in a well-ventilated area. Empty containers retain product residue, (liquid and/or vapor), and can be dangerous. Keep container tightly closed. Keep away from heat, sparks and flame. Do not pressurize, cut, weld, braze, solder, drill, grind, or expose empty containers to heat, sparks or open flames. Storage: Keep away from heat, sparks, and flame. Keep away from sources of ignition. Store in a tightly closed container. Keep under a nitrogen blanket. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances. Keep refrigerated. (Store below 4C/39F.) Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS, PERSONAL PROTECTION Engineering Controls: Use adequate ventilation to keep airborne concentrations low. Use adequate general or local exhaust ventilation to keep airborne concentrations below the permissible exposure limits. Exposure Limits CAS# 95-13-6: United Kingdom, WEL - TWA: 10 ppm TWA; 48 mg/m3 TWA United Kingdom, WEL - STEL: 15 ppm STEL; 72 mg/m3 STEL Belgium - TWA: 10 ppm VLE; 49 mg/m3 VLE France - VME: 10 ppm VME; 45 mg/m3 VME Germany: 45 mg/m3 TWA Malaysia: 10 ppm TWA; 48 mg/m3 TWA Netherlands: 10 ppm MAC; 45 mg/m3 MAC Spain: 10 ppm VLA-ED; 48 mg/m3 VLA-ED Personal Protective Equipment Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166. Skin: Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure. Clothing: Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure. Respirators: A respiratory protection program that meets OSHA's 29 CFR 1910.134 and ANSI Z88.2 requirements or European Standard EN 149 must be followed whenever workplace conditions warrant respirator use. Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29 CFR 1910.134 or European Standard EN 149. Use a NIOSH/MSHA or European Standard EN 149 approved respirator if exposure limits are exceeded or if irritation or other symptoms are experienced. Section 9 - PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Physical State: Liquid Color: clear, colorless Odor: None reported. pH: Not available. Vapor Pressure: 1.7 hPa @ 20 C Viscosity: Not available. Boiling Point: 181 deg C @ 760.00mm Hg Freezing/Melting Point: -1.8 deg C Autoignition Temperature: Not available. Flash Point: 78 deg C ( 172.40 deg F) Explosion Limits, lower: N/A Explosion Limits, upper: N/A Decomposition Temperature: Solubility in water: insoluble Specific Gravity/Density: .9920g/cm3 Molecular Formula: C9H8 Molecular Weight: 116.16 Section 10 - STABILITY AND REACTIVITY Chemical Stability: Oxidizes when exposed to air. Stable. However may polymerize explosively if heated to the melting point. Conditions to Avoid: Incompatible materials, ignition sources, exposure to air, excess heat, strong oxidants. Incompatibilities with Other Materials: Oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomposition Products: Carbon monoxide, irritating and toxic fumes and gases, carbon dioxide. Hazardous Polymerization: May occur. Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION RTECS#: CAS# 95-13-6: NK8225000 LD50/LC50: CAS# 95-13-6: Inhalation, rat: LC50 = 14 gm/m3; Inhalation, rat: LC50 = 14000 mg/m3/4H. Carcinogenicity: Indene - Not listed by ACGIH, IARC, or NTP. Other: See actual entry in RTECS for complete information. Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION Other No information available. Section 13 - DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS Dispose of in a manner consistent with federal, state, and local regulations. Section 14 - TRANSPORT INFORMATION IATA Shipping Name: FLAMMABLE LIQUID, N.O.S.* Hazard Class: 3 UN Number: 1993 Packing Group: III IMO Shipping Name: FLAMMABLE LIQUID, N.O.S. Hazard Class: 3.3 UN Number: 1993 Packing Group: III RID/ADR Shipping Name: FLAMMABLE LIQUID, N.O.S. Hazard Class: 3 UN Number: 1993 Packing group: III Section 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATION European/International Regulations European Labeling in Accordance with EC Directives Hazard Symbols: Not available. Risk Phrases: Safety Phrases: S 24/25 Avoid contact with skin and eyes. WGK (Water Danger/Protection) CAS# 95-13-6: No information available. Canada CAS# 95-13-6 is listed on Canada's DSL List. CAS# 95-13-6 is listed on Canada's Ingredient Disclosure List. US FEDERAL TSCA CAS# 95-13-6 is listed on the TSCA inventory. SECTION 16 - ADDITIONAL INFORMATION N/A

毒性和生态

毒理学数据: 1、 急性毒性：大鼠经吸入LC50：14mg/m^3；大鼠LD50：2300mg/kg；小鼠LD50：1800mg/kg；哺乳动物经口LD50：＞5mg/kg； 2、多剂量毒性：大鼠经吸入TCLo：3mg/ m ^3/24H/15W-C； 3、属低毒类。对皮肤黏膜有刺激作用，高浓度接触引起肝、脾、肾、肺等脏器损害。嗅觉阈浓度0.001mg/L，工作场所最大容许浓度45mg/m3(美国)。 生态学数据: 对水是不危害的。 CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION RTECS NUMBER : NK8225000 CHEMICAL NAME : Indene CAS REGISTRY NUMBER : 95-13-6 LAST UPDATED : 199712 DATA ITEMS CITED : 25 MOLECULAR FORMULA : C9-H8 MOLECULAR WEIGHT : 116.17 WISWESSER LINE NOTATION : L56 BHJ HEALTH HAZARD DATA ACUTE TOXICITY DATA TYPE OF TEST : LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 14 gm/m3 TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 41(4),104,1976 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Unreported SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 2300 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 41(4),104,1976 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Unreported SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 1800 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 41(4),104,1976 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - species unspecified DOSE/DURATION : >5 gm/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 39(4),86,1974 ** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA ** TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 3 mg/m3/24H/15W-C REFERENCE : GISAAA Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 41(4),104,1976 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-TWA 48 mg/m3 (10 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 10 ppm (45 mg/m3) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,134,1971 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 10 ppm (45 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 10 ppm (45 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 10 ppm (45 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 10 ppm (48 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 10 ppm (45 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 10 ppm (47 mg/m3);STEL 20 ppm (95 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 10 ppm (45 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 10 ppm (45 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 10 ppm (45 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 10 ppm (45 mg/m3);STEL 15 ppm (70 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO INDENE-air:10H TWA 10 ppm REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 39820 No. of Facilities: 3158 (estimated) No. of Industries: 24 No. of Occupations: 42 No. of Employees: 61824 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 39820 No. of Facilities: 31 (estimated) No. of Industries: 1 No. of Occupations: 1 No. of Employees: 753 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 376 (estimated)

安全

• 符号: GHS02, GHS08
• 信号词: Danger
• 危害声明: H226-H304
• 警示性声明: P301 + P310-P331
• 个人防护装备: Eyeshields;Faceshields;full-face respirator (US);Gloves;multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US);type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter
• 危害码 (欧洲): Xn:Harmful;
• 风险声明 (欧洲): R10;R65
• 安全声明 (欧洲): S23-S24/25-S62
• 危险品运输编码: UN 3295 3/PG 3
• WGK德国: 1
• RTECS号: NK8225000
• 包装等级: III
• 危险类别: 3

合成路线

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制备

在高温焦油中，茚含量0.25%-0.3%，主要存在于沸点168-175℃的煤焦油及粗苯馏分中，在200℃以前的重质苯中，古马隆和茚约占40%以上。以重苯为原料在具有44块理论塔板的分馏塔上进行精馏，控制回流比为15-20：1，切取塔顶温度为180.6-181.1℃馏分，含茚可达98%。另一种提取茚的方法，是以重苯和粗溶剂的油为原料，用糠醛作为共沸剂进行共沸蒸馏。由于糠醛或者甲醛能与重苯中烃类组分形成共沸物，但与茚不形成共沸物，因而可制取纯产品。

以重苯为原料在具有44块理论塔板的分馏塔上进行精馏，控制回流比为15-20：1，切取塔顶温度为180.6-181.1℃馏分，含茚可达98%。

高温下将四氢萘通过SiO2/A12O3也可制得。