25038-54-4

• 常用中文名：聚己内酰胺粉
• 常用英文名：NYLON 6
• CAS号：25038-54-4
• 分子式：C₆H₁₃NO
• 分子量：115.174
• 相关类别： 催化剂及助剂 聚合物
• 发布时间：2018-02-04 08:00:00
• 更新时间：2024-01-08 16:40:52
• 用于制作各种高负荷的机械零件、电子电器开关和设备、建筑及结构材料，交通运输工具零件等;用于制造汽车零件、电子电器及特别要求高强度耐高温的机械部件;用于制作各种高负荷的机械零件、电子电器开关和设备、建筑及结构材料，交通运输工具零件等;大量用于纺织工业制造纤维，广泛用于制造机械零部件、齿轮、外壳、耐油容器、电缆护套等;用于纺制长丝  用于制作各种高负荷的机械零件、电子电器开关和设备、建筑及结构材料，交通运输工具零件等;用于制造汽车零件、电子电器及特别要求高强度耐高温的机械部件;用于制作各种高负荷的机械零件、电子电器开关和设备、建筑及结构材料，交通运输工具零件等;大量用于纺织工业制造纤维，广泛用于制造机械零部件、齿轮、外壳、耐油容器、电缆护套等;  

名称

• 中文名: 聚己内酰胺粉
• 英文名: nylon 6
• 中文别名: 聚己内酰胺; 尼龙 6
• 英文别名: b-203; AQ-NYLON; b-35; b-300; NYLON; MFCD00133998; Jinglun; b-216; PERLON; b-350; Polycaprolactam; EINECS 607-506-6

物化性质

• 密度: 0.9±0.1 g/cm3
• 沸点: 255.0±0.0 °C at 760 mmHg
• 熔点: 220ºC
• 分子式: C₆H₁₃NO
• 分子量: 115.174
• 闪点: 102.2±18.4 °C
• 精确质量: 115.099716
• LogP: 0.89
• 外观性状: 结晶粉末
• 蒸汽压: 0.0±0.5 mmHg at 25°C
• 折射率: 1.434
• 储存条件:

  密闭于阴凉干燥环境中

• 稳定性:

  遵照规定使用和储存则不会分解。

  尼龙-６为半透明或不透明的乳白色结晶聚合物，相对分子质量为１．５～３万。尼龙-６具有卓越的抗药物性，在纯水中不会受到化学性侵蚀，对有机溶剂、油、燃料也具有卓越的耐性，对液体氨、亚硫酸等大部分的无机化合物比较稳定，但受过氧化氢及氯系脱色剂等氧化剂的侵蚀，尼龙的耐气候性在各种塑料中居中等位置。尼龙-６有很好的成型表面光泽，即使经过补强也是如此。除机械性、耐热性化学特性之外，尼龙-６还具有卓越的电气特性，透明尼龙具有大部分透明塑料没有的特性。尼龙-６的耐潜变性比尼龙-６６好，但模数较低。尼龙-６吸湿性较强，此现象对可加工性、尺寸稳定性和物理特性有影响，会降低抗拉强度和刚性，增加延伸率，但也增加了零件的韧性。尼龙-６可在比尼龙-６６大约低２７℃的温度下成型。玻璃纤维补强的尼龙会使材料的抗拉强度提高很多，比尼龙基材好大约２００％，热变形温度从７１℃提升到２６０℃；碳纤维补强尼龙的抗拉强度与弯曲强度优于尼龙基材和玻璃纤维补强的尼龙，其强度与一些压铸型金属合金差不多。由于含碳纤维材料的高模数、好的耐磨性和消除静电特性，碳纤维补强的尼龙有潜力取代压铸型金属，例如用于制造纺织机械的运动零件。

• 分子结构:

  1、摩尔折射率：无可用

  2、 摩尔体积（cm³/mol）：无可用

  3、 等张比容（90.2K）：无可用

  4、 表面张力（dyne/cm）：无可用

  5、 极化率：无可用

• 计算化学:

  1、 疏水参数计算参考值（XlogP）：1.3

  2、 氢键供体数量：1

  3、 氢键受体数量：1

  4、 可旋转化学键数量：4

  5、 拓扑分子极性表面积（TPSA）：43.1

  6、 重原子数量：8

  7、 表面电荷：0

  8、 复杂度：70.9

  9、 同位素原子数量：0

  10、 确定原子立构中心数量：0

  11、 不确定原子立构中心数量：0

  12、 确定化学键立构中心数量：0

  13、 不确定化学键立构中心数量：0

  14、 共价键单元数量：1

• 更多:

  1. 性状：球状颗粒

  2. 密度（g/mL,25/4℃）：1.084

  3. 相对蒸汽密度（g/mL,空气=1）：无可用

  4. 熔点（ºC）：220

  5. 沸点（ºC,常压）：无可用

  6. 沸点（ºC,5.2kPa）：无可用

  7. 折射率：无可用

  8. 闪点（ºC）：无可用

  9. 比旋光度（º）：无可用

  10. 自燃点或引燃温度（ºC）：无可用

  11. 蒸气压（kPa,25ºC）：无可用

  12. 饱和蒸气压（kPa,60ºC）：无可用

  13. 燃烧热（KJ/mol）：无可用

  14. 临界温度（ºC）：无可用

  15. 临界压力（KPa）：无可用

  16. 油水（辛醇/水）分配系数的对数值：无可用

  17. 爆炸上限（%,V/V）：无可用

  18. 爆炸下限（%,V/V）：无可用

  19. 溶解性：溶于甲酸、苯酚、间甲酚、浓硫酸、二甲基甲酰胺等，不溶于乙醇、乙醚、丙酮、醋酸乙酯、烃类。

MSDS

Name: Nylon 6 Material Safety Data Sheet Synonym: Poly(caprolactam); 6-aminohexanoic acid homopolymer; Caproamide Polymer; Hexahydro-2H-Azepin-2-one homopolyme CAS: 25038-54-4 Section 1 - Chemical Product MSDS Name:Nylon 6 Material Safety Data Sheet Synonym:Poly(caprolactam); 6-aminohexanoic acid homopolymer; Caproamide Polymer; Hexahydro-2H-Azepin-2-one homopolyme Section 2 - COMPOSITION, INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS CAS# Chemical Name content EINECS# 25038-54-4 Nylon 6 100 unlisted Hazard Symbols: None Listed. Risk Phrases: None Listed. Section 3 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION EMERGENCY OVERVIEW Not available. Potential Health Effects Eye: May cause eye irritation. Skin: May cause skin irritation. Ingestion: May cause digestive tract disturbances. Inhalation: May cause respiratory tract irritation. Chronic: No information found. Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES Eyes: Flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid immediately. Skin: Get medical aid. Flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Ingestion: If victim is conscious and alert, give 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid immediately. Inhalation: Remove from exposure and move to fresh air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical aid. Notes to Physician: Section 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES General Information: As in any fire, wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. During a fire, irritating and highly toxic gases may be generated by thermal decomposition or combustion. Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or alcohol-resistant foam. Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES General Information: Use proper personal protective equipment as indicated in Section 8. Spills/Leaks: Clean up spills immediately, observing precautions in the Protective Equipment section. Sweep up or absorb material, then place into a suitable clean, dry, closed container for disposal. Avoid generating dusty conditions. Provide ventilation. Section 7 - HANDLING and STORAGE Handling: Wash thoroughly after handling. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. Use with adequate ventilation. Minimize dust generation and accumulation. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. Avoid ingestion and inhalation. Storage: Keep container closed when not in use. Store in a tightly closed container. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances. Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS, PERSONAL PROTECTION Engineering Controls: Use adequate ventilation to keep airborne concentrations low. Exposure Limits CAS# 25038-54-4: Russia: 5 mg/m3 TWA (powder) Personal Protective Equipment Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166. Skin: Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure. Clothing: Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure. Respirators: Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29 CFR 1910.134 or European Standard EN 149. Use a NIOSH/MSHA or European Standard EN 149 approved respirator if exposure limits are exceeded or if irritation or other symptoms are experienced. Section 9 - PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Physical State: Pellets Color: white to pale yellow Odor: Not available. pH: Not available. Vapor Pressure: Not available. Viscosity: Not available. Boiling Point: Not available. Freezing/Melting Point: 223 deg C Autoignition Temperature: Not available. Flash Point: Not available. Explosion Limits, lower: Not available. Explosion Limits, upper: Not available. Decomposition Temperature: Solubility in water: insoluble Specific Gravity/Density: 1.0840g/cm3 Molecular Formula: NHC5H10CO Molecular Weight: 113.0831 Section 10 - STABILITY AND REACTIVITY Chemical Stability: Stable under normal temperatures and pressures. Conditions to Avoid: Incompatible materials, strong oxidants. Incompatibilities with Other Materials: Strong oxidizing agents, strong bases. Hazardous Decomposition Products: Nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide. Hazardous Polymerization: Has not been reported Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION RTECS#: CAS# 25038-54-4: TQ9800000 LD50/LC50: CAS# 25038-54-4: Inhalation, mouse: LC50 = 11 gm/m3/30M. Carcinogenicity: Nylon 6 - Not listed by ACGIH, IARC, or NTP. Other: See actual entry in RTECS for complete information. Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION Section 13 - DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS Dispose of in a manner consistent with federal, state, and local regulations. Section 14 - TRANSPORT INFORMATION IATA Not regulated as a hazardous material. IMO Not regulated as a hazardous material. RID/ADR Not regulated as a hazardous material. Section 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATION European/International Regulations European Labeling in Accordance with EC Directives Hazard Symbols: Not available. Risk Phrases: Safety Phrases: S 24/25 Avoid contact with skin and eyes. WGK (Water Danger/Protection) CAS# 25038-54-4: No information available. Canada CAS# 25038-54-4 is listed on Canada's DSL List. CAS# 25038-54-4 is not listed on Canada's Ingredient Disclosure List. US FEDERAL TSCA CAS# 25038-54-4 is listed on the TSCA inventory. SECTION 16 - ADDITIONAL INFORMATION N/A

毒性和生态

生态学数据: 通常对水是不危害的，若无政府许可，勿将材料排入周围环境。 CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION RTECS NUMBER : TQ9800000 CHEMICAL NAME : Poly(iminocarbonylpentamethylene) CAS REGISTRY NUMBER : 25038-54-4 LAST UPDATED : 199710 DATA ITEMS CITED : 10 WISWESSER LINE NOTATION : /*VM5*/ HEALTH HAZARD DATA ACUTE TOXICITY DATA TYPE OF TEST : LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 11 gm/m3/30M TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : PWPSA8 Proceedings of the Western Pharmacology Society. (Univ. of California Dept. of Pharmacology, Los Angeles, CA 90024) V.1- 1958- Volume(issue)/page/year: 21,167,1978 ** TUMORIGENIC DATA ** TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Implant SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 5 film TOXIC EFFECTS : Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application REFERENCE : ZENBAX Zeitschrift fuer Naturforschung, Teil B: Anorganische Chemie, Organische Chemie, Biochemie, Biophysik, Biologie. (Tuebingen, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.2B-27B, 1947-1972. For publisher information, see ZNCBDA. Volume(issue)/page/year: 7B,353,1952 *** REVIEWS *** IARC Cancer Review:Animal Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 19,115,1975 IARC Cancer Review:Human No Adequate Data IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 19,115,1975 IARC Cancer Review:Group 3 IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,56,1987 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - M1236 No. of Facilities: 191 (estimated) No. of Industries: 6 No. of Occupations: 9 No. of Employees: 3478 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X9001 No. of Facilities: 2109 (estimated) No. of Industries: 22 No. of Occupations: 38 No. of Employees: 87220 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 46339 (estimated)

安全

• 危害码 (欧洲): Xn
• 安全声明 (欧洲): S24/25
• 危险品运输编码: NONH for all modes of transport
• WGK德国: 3
• RTECS号: TQ9800000
• 海关编码: 39081019

制备

1.单体己内酰胺的制备　有下面的5种合成方法。
苯酚法　由苯酚加氢生成环己醇，氧化脱氢生成环己酮，肟化生成环己肟，再经转位生成己内酰胺。

环氧己烷法　环己烷氧化生成环己醇和环己酮的混合物，环己醇分离后脱氢生成环己酮，再肟化生成环己酮肟，再经转位生成己内酰胺。
光亚硝化法　环己烷在光照下用氯化亚硝酰进行亚硝酰化反应生成环己酮肟盐酸盐，在硫酸中进行贝克曼重排生成己内酰胺。
甲苯法　由甲苯氧化制得苯甲酸，氢化生成环己甲酸，再用亚硝基硫酸和发烟硫酸进行亚硝基化反应即生成己内酰胺。
己内酯法　环己酮在醋酸或过氧化氢作用下生成己内酯，再于高温高压下氨化即得己内酰胺。

2.尼龙6树脂的制备　以己内酰胺为原料，在高温（220～260℃）及引发剂（水）存在下，首先制得氨基己酸，然后缩聚和加成反应同时进行而制得尼龙6树脂。反应式如下。