Ultrasonics sonochemistry

An efficient ultrasonic-assisted synthesis of imidazolium and pyridinium salts based on the Zincke reaction

S Zhao, X Xu, L Zheng, H Liu

Index: Zhao, Sanhu; Xu, Xiaoming; Zheng, Lu; Liu, Hai Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 2010 , vol. 17, # 4 p. 685 - 689

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Citation Number: 9

Abstract

A mild and efficient method has been developed using ultrasound irradiation for the synthesis of imidazolium and pyridinium salts based on the Zincke reaction. Tertiary nitrogen nucleophiles such as pyridines and imidazoles can be alkylated with primary amine by simply using their ammonium form Zincke salts. In almost all cases, a clear yield increase results and a dramatic reduction of the reaction time accompanied by an improved quality ...