Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A - Chemistry, Analysis, Control, Exposure & Risk Assessment 2012-01-01

LC-MS/MS method for the determination of the fungal pigment bikaverin in maize kernels as an indicator of ear rot.

M Busman, R A E Butchko, R H Proctor

Index: Food Addit. Contam. Part A. Chem. Anal. Control. Expo. Risk Assess. 29(11) , 1736-42, (2012)

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Abstract

Bikaverin is a polyketide-derived pigment produced by multiple species of the fungus Fusarium, some of which can cause ear and kernel rot of maize. A method was developed for the analysis of bikaverin by high-performance liquid chromatography (LC) coupled to electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). The quantitative nature of the LC-MS/MS method was demonstrated over a range of concentrations of bikaverin in maize. For spike-recovery experiments utilising maize spiked with bikaverin to a level 5 µg g⁻¹ of maize, the measured recovery (%) was 70.6 ± 10.4. Based on the utilised method, the limit of detection (based on a signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) > 3) was better than 0.5 µg g⁻¹ from bikaverin spiked into uncontaminated ground maize. Further, the limit of quantitation (LOQ) was 3 µg g⁻¹ (based on S/N > 10) from bikaverin spiked into ground maize. The method was applied to assess contamination of maize with bikaverin following inoculation of developing maize ears with Fusarium verticillioides under agricultural field conditions.