N-Desmethylclozapine

Names

[ Name ]:
N-Desmethylclozapine

[Synonym ]:
3-chloro-6-piperazin-1-yl-5H-benzo[b][1,4]benzodiazepine
Normethylclozapine
BzATP triethylammonium salt
Desmethylclozapine
EINECS 200-659-6
Demethylclozapine
N-Demethylclozapine
MFCD00210189
N-desmethyl clozapine
Norclozapine

Biological Activity

[Description]:

N-Desmethylclozapine is a dengue virus inhibitor, and an agonist of δ-opioid receptor.

[Related Catalog]:

Signaling Pathways >> GPCR/G Protein >> Opioid Receptor

Signaling Pathways >> Neuronal Signaling >> Opioid Receptor

Research Areas >> Infection

[In Vitro]

The IC50s of N-desmethylclozapine, fluoxetine hydrochloride, and salmeterol xinafoate in Huh-7 cells infected with DENV-2 are 1 μM, 0.38 μM, and 0.67 μM, respectively. The levels of NS3 are reduced in cells treated with all three inhibitors compared to DMSO treatment, suggesting that the inhibitors act at a stage prior to viral protein translation. N-Desmethylclozapine-treated cells show a >75% reduction in negative-strand RNA levels[1]. N-desmethylclozapine exhibits slight agonistic effects on the M1 mAChR, and agonistic properties at the 5-HT1A receptor in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. This compound also behaves as an agonist at the δ-opioid receptor in the cerebral cortex and striatum[2]. N-desmethylclozapine (3 μM) greatly decreases the outward current in excitatory neurons, but not in inhibitory neurons. In excitatory neurons, N-desmethylclozapine alone is more effective than either clozapine alone or the combination of clozapine and N-desmethylclozapine. The effect of N-desmethylclozapine in excitatory neurons is significantly suppressed by 0.1 μM pirenzepine and 1 μM atropine. N-desmethylclozapine, but not clozapine, suppressed K+ channels via M1 receptors in excitatory cells[3]. N-desmethylclozapine leads to a decrease in TxB2 levels under unstimulated conditions as well as under TSST-1 stimulation. Clozapine, N-desmethylclozapine and CPZ possibly act on neurotransmitter systems via modulation of TxA2 or TxB2 production[5].

[In Vivo]

N-desmethylclozapine in rat and human at M2 and M4 mAChRs underlying presynaptic modulation of GABA and glutamate release, respectively. In particular, N-desmethylclozapine maybe a M2 mAChR antagonist in the rat but has no activity at this receptor in human neocortex. However, N-desmethylclozapine has an agonistic effect at M4 mAChR in the human but no such effect in the rat neocortex[4].

[References]

[1]. Medigeshi GR, et al. N-Desmethylclozapine, Fluoxetine and Salmeterol inhibit post-entry stages of dengue virus life-cycle. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2016 Aug 29.

[2]. Odagaki Y, et al. Comparative analysis of pharmacological properties of xanomeline and N-desmethylclozapine in rat brain membranes. J Psychopharmacol. 2016 Sep;30(9):896-912.

[3]. Sugawara Y, et al. Electrophysiological evidence showing muscarinic agonist-antagonist activities of N-desmethylclozapine using hippocampal excitatory and inhibitory neurons. Brain Res. 2016 Jul 1;1642:255-62.

[4]. Gigout S, et al. Different pharmacology of N-desmethylclozapine at human and rat M2 and M 4 mAChRs in neocortex. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2015 May;388(5):487-96.

[5]. Himmerich H, et al. Impact of clozapine, N-desmethylclozapine and chlorpromazine on thromboxane production in vitro. Med Chem. 2012 Nov;8(6):1032-8.

[Related Small Molecules]

Chemical & Physical Properties

[ Density]:
1.38g/cm3

[ Boiling Point ]:
490.1ºC at 760 mmHg

[ Melting Point ]:
120-125°C

[ Molecular Formula ]:
C₁₇H₁₇ClN₄

[ Molecular Weight ]:
312.79700

[ Flash Point ]:
250.2ºC

[ Exact Mass ]:
312.11400

[ PSA ]:
39.66000

[ LogP ]:
3.22080

[ Index of Refraction ]:
1.709

[ Storage condition ]:
Store at RT

MSDS

Click to get detail MSDS

Safety Information

[ Symbol ]:

GHS02, GHS06, GHS08

[ Signal Word ]:
Danger

[ Hazard Statements ]:
H225-H301 + H311 + H331-H370

[ Precautionary Statements ]:
P210-P260-P280-P301 + P310-P311

[ Personal Protective Equipment ]:
dust mask type N95 (US);Eyeshields;Gloves

[ Hazard Codes ]:
Xn

[ Risk Phrases ]:
20/22-36/37/38

[ Safety Phrases ]:
S22-S36-S45

[ RIDADR ]:
3249

[ WGK Germany ]:
3

[ Packaging Group ]:
III

[ Hazard Class ]:
6.1(b)

[ HS Code ]:
2933990090

Synthetic Route

Click to get detail synthetic route

Precursor & DownStream

Precursor

DownStream

Customs

[ HS Code ]: 2933990090

[ Summary ]:
2933990090. heterocyclic compounds with nitrogen hetero-atom(s) only. VAT:17.0%. Tax rebate rate:13.0%. . MFN tariff:6.5%. General tariff:20.0%

Articles

Development of a SPE-HPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of most prescribed pharmaceuticals and related metabolites in urban sewage samples.

J. Chromatogr. B. Analyt. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci. 990 , 23-30, (2015)

Based on regional prescription data several pharmaceuticals with variable amounts of prescription and corresponding metabolites were selected and analyzed in influent and effluent samples of the sewag...

Predicting hERG activities of compounds from their 3D structures: development and evaluation of a global descriptors based QSAR model.

Eur. J. Med. Chem. 46 , 618-30, (2011)

A QSAR based predictive model of hERG activity in terms of 'global descriptors' has been developed and evaluated. The QSAR was developed by training 77 compounds covering a wide range of activities an...

Functional activation of G-proteins coupled with muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in rat brain membranes.

J. Pharmacol. Sci. 125(2) , 157-68, (2014)

The functional activation of Gi/o proteins coupled to muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) was investigated with the conventional guanosine-5'-O-(3-[(35)S]thio) triphosphate ([(35)S]GTPγS) bind...

Related Compounds

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