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77-67-8

77-67-8 structure
77-67-8 structure
  • Name: Ethosuximide
  • Chemical Name: ethosuximide
  • CAS Number: 77-67-8
  • Molecular Formula: C7H11NO2
  • Molecular Weight: 141.168
  • Catalog: API Nervous system medication Antiepileptic and anticonvulsant
  • Create Date: 2018-03-30 08:00:00
  • Modify Date: 2024-01-09 18:59:21
  • Ethosuximide, a widely prescribed anti-epileptic drug, improves the phenotypes of multiple neurodegenerative disease models and blocks the low voltage activated T-type calcium channel.
Name ethosuximide
Synonyms (±)-Ethosuximide
2-Methyl-2-ethylsuccinimide
3-Ethyl-3-methylpyrrolidine-2,5-dione
2-Ethyl-2-methylsuccinimide
MFCD00072123
Ethymal
Zarontin
α-Ethyl-α-methylsuccinimide
Etosuximida
2,5-Pyrrolidinedione, 3-ethyl-3-methyl-
Zarondan
Petinimid
Suxilep
3-ethyl-3-methyl-pyrrolidine-2,5-dione
Ethosuximide
2,5-Pyrrolidinedione, 3-ethyl-3-methyl-, (±)-
Emeside
thosuximide
Suxinutin
EINECS 201-048-7
UNII:5SEH9X1D1D
3-ethyl-3-methylsuccinimide
(±)-2-Ethyl-2-methylsuccinimide
3-Aethyl-3-methyl-pyrrolidin-2,5-dion
Petnidan
3-Ethyl-3-methyl-2,5-pyrrolidinedione
Description Ethosuximide, a widely prescribed anti-epileptic drug, improves the phenotypes of multiple neurodegenerative disease models and blocks the low voltage activated T-type calcium channel.
Related Catalog
Target

calcium channel[1]

In Vitro The efficacy of Ethosuximide in generalized absence epilepsy is thought to be due to blockade of the low voltage activated T-type calcium channel. There is no reduction in total Tau levels in Ethosuximide treated Tau transgenic worms as compare to vehicle controls. The rescuing effect of Ethosuximide is therefore not due to transgene suppression or reduced expression of toxic mutant Tau protein. Quantification of the amount of soluble and insoluble (RIPA-extractable) Tau relative to total Tau levels reveals a significant reduction in aberrantly-folded, insoluble Tau and a corresponding increase in soluble Tau in Ethosuximide-treated compare with untreated worms[1]. Concentrations of 2 μM or more of Ethosuximide not only are found to be less effective than 1 μM concentration of Ethosuximide, but also induce cell toxicity. GABA staining immunofluorescence images show that after treatment with Ethosuximide, GABA positive neuron increases by 3 and 6.5 fold for concentrations of 0.1 and 1 μM, respectively. BrdU staining shows nuclei proliferation after 2 to 3 days of Ethosuximide exposure. The mean of nuclei is 15.98±0.41 for the low concentration of Ethosuximide while it is 25.27±0.48 for the high concentration after Brdu staining. This number is 11.05±0.2 for lithium chloride[2].
Kinase Assay Vehicle- and Ethosuximide-treated Tau V337M worms are lysed and separated into soluble and insoluble fractions. Fractions are separated by SDS-PAGE and western blotted using anti-human Tau T46 and anti-actin antibodies. The abundance of Tau protein in each fraction is quantified by densitometry and normalized against beta-actin. Total Tau levels in lysates are expressed as the percentage of actin-normalized Tau relative to vehicle control lysates; Tau levels in sequentially extracted fractions are expressed as the percentage of actin-normalized Tau relative to the sum of both fractions (soluble+RIPA) combined[1].
Cell Assay Neuronal stem cells from the forebrain Cortex of a 3-day-old rat are used in this study. The cells are differentiated by withdrawal of basic fibroblastic growth factor (bFGF) and exposed to Ethosuximide at two concentrations of 0.1 μM and 1 μM. Before drug treatment, the cells are rinsed once with PBS, and the medium is replaced with fresh, bFGF-free DMEM/F12 medium containing different concentration of Ethosuximide. Medium exchange is done every day for 6 days with medium containing Ethosuximide. Then, cells are fixed for immunocytochemistry[2].
References

[1]. Chen X, et al. Ethosuximide ameliorates neurodegenerative disease phenotypes by modulating DAF-16/FOXO target gene expression. Mol Neurodegener. 2015 Sep 29;10:51.

[2]. Sondossi K, et al. Analysis of the antiepileptic, ethosuximide impacts on neurogenesis of rat forebrain stem cells. Fundam Clin Pharmacol. 2014 Oct;28(5):512-8.
Density 1.1±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point 265.3±9.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point 51ºC
Molecular Formula C7H11NO2
Molecular Weight 141.168
Flash Point 123.8±18.9 °C
Exact Mass 141.078979
PSA 46.17000
LogP 0.38
Vapour Pressure 0.0±0.5 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction 1.451
Storage condition Refrigerator
Water Solubility ethanol: 100 mg/mL

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :
WN2800000
CHEMICAL NAME :
Succinimide, 2-ethyl-2-methyl-
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
77-67-8
BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. :
0117054
LAST UPDATED :
199612
DATA ITEMS CITED :
18
MOLECULAR FORMULA :
C7-H11-N-O2
MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
141.19
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
T5VMVTJ D2 D1

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
1530 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex) Behavioral - ataxia Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
1325 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
1810 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
780 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex) Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - ataxia
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
33300 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-14 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - extra-embryonic structures (e.g., placenta, umbilical cord) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
66600 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-14 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
166 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-14 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - other developmental abnormalities
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
2250 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 9-17 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
DOSE :
160 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 5-20 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
3960 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-16 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
DOSE :
962 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 8-10 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - other developmental abnormalities
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
DOSE :
600 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 8 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Unreported
DOSE :
2626 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 8-10 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - cardiovascular (circulatory) system
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
48100 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-18 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - extra-embryonic structures (e.g., placenta, umbilical cord) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
18500 ug/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-10 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
185 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-10 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
Cytogenetic analysis
TEST SYSTEM :
Human Lymphocyte
DOSE/DURATION :
30 mg/L
REFERENCE :
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 204,623,1988 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X3882 No. of Facilities: 371 (estimated) No. of Industries: 4 No. of Occupations: 6 No. of Employees: 7032 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 4379 (estimated)
Symbol GHS07
GHS07
Signal Word Warning
Hazard Statements H302
Precautionary Statements P301 + P312 + P330
Personal Protective Equipment dust mask type N95 (US);Eyeshields;Gloves
Hazard Codes Xn: Harmful;
Risk Phrases R22
Safety Phrases 36
RIDADR NONH for all modes of transport
WGK Germany 3
RTECS WN2800000
HS Code 2925190090
HS Code 2925190090
Summary 2925190090 other imides and their derivatives; salts thereof VAT:17.0% Tax rebate rate:9.0% Supervision conditions:none MFN tariff:6.5% General tariff:30.0%

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