STRYCHNINE

Synonym
Chemical Name
Chemical Family
Strychnine Hemisulfate

---

Section 4. First Aid Measures
Eye ContactCheck for and remove any contact lenses. In case of contact, immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at
least 15 minutes. Cold water may be used. Get medical attention if irritation occurs.
Skin ContactWash with soap and water. Cover the irritated skin with an emollient. Get medical attention if irritation develops.
Cold water may be used.
Serious Skin ContactNot available.
InhalationIf inhaled, remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get
medical attention.
Serious InhalationEvacuate the victim to a safe area as soon as possible. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or
waistband. If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen. If the victim is not breathing, perform mouth-to-mouth
resuscitation. Seek medical attention.
IngestionIf swallowed, do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel. Never give anything by
mouth to an unconscious person. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. Get medical
attention immediately.
Serious IngestionNot available.

---

Section 5. Fire and Explosion Data
Flammability of the Product Non-flammable.
Auto-Ignition Temperature Not applicable.
Flash PointsNot applicable.
Flammable LimitsNot applicable.
Products of CombustionNot available.
Fire Hazards in Presence of Not applicable.
Various Substances
Explosion Hazards in Presence Risks of explosion of the product in presence of mechanical impact: Not available.
of Various SubstancesRisks of explosion of the product in presence of static discharge: Not available.
Fire Fighting MediaNot applicable.
and Instructions
Special Remarks onNot available.
Fire Hazards
Special Remarks on Explosion Not available.
Hazards

---

Section 6. Accidental Release Measures
Small SpillUse appropriate tools to put the spilled solid in a convenient waste disposal container.
Large Spill
Poisonous solid.
Stop leak if without risk. Do not get water inside container. Do not touch spilled material. Use water spray to
disposal.
Strychnine Hemisulfate

---

Section 7. Handling and Storage
PrecautionsDo not ingest. Do not breathe dust. Wear suitable protective clothing. In case of insufficient ventilation, wear
suitable respiratory equipment. If ingested, seek medical advice immediately and show the container or the label.
Keep away from incompatibles such as acids, alkalis.
StorageKeep container tightly closed. Keep container in a cool, well-ventilated area.

---

Section 8. Exposure Controls/Personal Protection
Engineering ControlsUse process enclosures, local exhaust ventilation, or other engineering controls to keep airborne levels below
recommended exposure limits. If user operations generate dust, fume or mist, use ventilation to keep exposure to
airborne contaminants below the exposure limit.
Personal ProtectionSafety glasses. Lab coat. Dust respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent. Gloves.
Personal Protection in Case of Splash goggles. Full suit. Dust respirator. Boots. Gloves. A self contained breathing apparatus should be used
a Large Spillto avoid inhalation of the product. Suggested protective clothing might not be sufficient; consult a specialist
BEFORE handling this product.
Exposure LimitsNot available.

---

Section 9. Physical and Chemical Properties
Physical state and appearance Solid. (Powdered solid.)OdorNot available.
TasteBitter.
Molecular Weight383.5 g/mole
ColorOff-white.
pH (1% soln/water)Not available.
Not available.
Boiling Point
Melting PointNot available.
Not available.
Critical Temperature
Specific GravityNot available.
Vapor PressureNot applicable.
Vapor DensityNot available.
VolatilityNot available.
Odor ThresholdNot available.
Water/Oil Dist. Coeff.Not available.
Ionicity (in Water)Not available.
Dispersion PropertiesSee solubility in water.
SolubilitySoluble in cold water.

---

Section 10. Stability and Reactivity Data
The product is stable.
Stability
Instability TemperatureNot available.
Conditions of InstabilityExcess heat, incompatible materials, dust generation
Reactive with acids, alkalis.
Incompatibility with various
substances
Not available.
Corrosivity
Strychnine Hemisulfate
Incompatible with alkalies, alkali carbonates, bicarbonates, benzoates, dichromates, bromides, iodides, tannic and
Special Remarks on
Reactivitypicric acids, salicylates, borax, gold chlorides, piperazine.
Not available.
Special Remarks on
Corrosivity
PolymerizationWill not occur.

---

Section 11. Toxicological Information
Routes of EntryInhalation. Ingestion.
Toxicity to AnimalsAcute oral toxicity (LD50): 2.6 mg/kg [Rat].
Chronic Effects on Humans Not available.
Other Toxic Effects onVery hazardous in case of ingestion, of inhalation.
HumansSlightly hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant).
Special Remarks onNot available.
Toxicity to Animals
Special Remarks onNot available.
Chronic Effects on Humans
Special Remarks on otherAcute Potential Health Effects:
Toxic Effects on HumansSkin: May cause skin irritation.
Eyes: May cause eye irritation.
Inhalation: Inhalation of dust or fumes (when heated to decompositioni) can result in respiratory tract irritation with
chemical pneumonitis, bronchospasm, or noncardiogenic pulmonary edema. It is rapidly absorbed from the
respiratory tract, and intranasally resulting in toxicity within 30 minutes.
Ingestion: May be fatal if swallowed. It is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.
Styrchnine poisoning causes nausea, vomiting, and profuse diarrhea. It can affect the cardiovascular system,
respiration, behavior/central nevrous system, blood and brain. It is a central nervous system stimulant which can
cause severe headaches, and tonic convulsions. A prodromal syndrome including muscular cramps, stiffness,
and agitation is commonly reported prior to the onset of convulsions; generalized convulsions may be the initial
event. Generalized convulsions usually occur within 15 to 60 minutes after acute ingestion and within 30 minutes
after being absorbe from the respiratory tract. Hypothermia (low body temperature), hypotension (low blood
pressure), and hypertension (high blood pressure) have been noted in Strychnine poisoning. Hypotension
appears to be due to marked acidosis and hypoxia in individuals with severe poisoning. Severe and prolonged
convulsions may result in marked hyperthermia (high body temperature). Temperatures as high as 43 C. have
been reported. Bilateral horizontal pendular nystagmus (involuntary eye movement) may occur. Bradycardia
(slow heartbeat) can be associated with hypotension and tachycardia (fast heartbeat) as well as tachypena (fast,
shallow breathing)commonly accompanies agitation and neuromuscular hyperactivity. The affected individual may
complain of chest tightness, difficulty breathing, and a feeling of suffocation. Cardiac arrest may result from
severe or prolonged convulsions or respiratory arrest. With severe or prolonged convulsions, sustained
contractions of the chest wall muscles and diaphragm may lead to respiratory paralysis. A period of flaccid
paralysis with apnea (no breathing) and cyanosis (bluish discoloration) may also occur after the period of
convulsions. Renal failure, rapid breakdown of skeletal muscle tissue (Rhabdomyolysis), multiple organ failure
(including liver necrosis) may also occur. Death is usually due to respiratory failure.

---

Section 12. Ecological Information
Not available.
Ecotoxicity
BOD5 and CODNot available.
Products of BiodegradationPossibly hazardous short term degradation products are not likely. However, long term degradation products may
arise.
Toxicity of the ProductsThe products of degradation are less toxic than the product itself.
of Biodegradation
Special Remarks on theNot available.
Products of Biodegradation
Strychnine Hemisulfate

---

Section 13. Disposal Considerations
Waste DisposalWaste must be disposed of in accordance with federal, state and local environmental
control regulations.

---

Section 14. Transport Information
DOT ClassificationCLASS 6.1: Poisonous material.
: Strychnine salt (styrchnine hemisulfate) UNNA: 1692 PG: I
Identification
Not available.
Special Provisions for
Transport
DOT (Pictograms)

---

Section 15. Other Regulatory Information and Pictograms
Illinois toxic substances disclosure to employee act: Strychnine Hemisulfate
Federal and State
Illinois chemical safety act: Strychnine Hemisulfate
Regulations
New York release reporting list: Strychnine Hemisulfate
Pennsylvania RTK: Strychnine Hemisulfate
Massachusetts RTK: Strychnine Hemisulfate
Massachusetts spill list: Strychnine Hemisulfate
New Jersey: Strychnine Hemisulfate
New Jersey spill list: Strychnine Hemisulfate
Louisiana RTK reporting list: Strychnine Hemisulfate
SARA 302/304/311/312 extremely hazardous substances: Strychnine Hemisulfate
CERCLA: Hazardous substances.: Strychnine Hemisulfate: 10 lbs. (4.536 kg)
CaliforniaCalifornia prop. 65: This product contains the following ingredients for which the State of California has found
Proposition 65to cause cancer which would require a warning under the statute: No products were found.
Warnings
California prop. 65: This product contains the following ingredients for which the State of California has found
to cause birth defects which would require a warning under the statute: No products were found.
Other RegulationsOSHA: Hazardous by definition of Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200).
EINECS: This product is on the European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances (EINECS No.
200-47-7).
Canada: Not listed on Canadian Domestic Substance List (DSL) or Canadian Non-Domestic Substances List
(NDSL)
China: Not listed on National Inventory.
Japan: Not listed on National Inventory (ENCS).
Korea: Not listed on National Inventory (KECI).
Philippines: Not listed on National Inventory (PICCS).
Australia: Not listed on AICS.
WHMIS (Canada) CLASS D-1A: Material causing immediate and serious toxic effects (VERY TOXIC).
Other Classifications
DSCL (EEC)R28- Very toxic if swallowed.S28- After contact with skin, wash immediately
with plenty of [***]
S36/37- Wear suitable protective clothing and
gloves.
S45- In case of accident or if you feel unwell,
seek medical advice immediately (show the
label where possible).
Strychnine Hemisulfate
Health Hazard
HMIS (U.S.A.)3 National Fire Protection
0 Flammability
0 Association (U.S.A.)
Fire Hazard
3 0 Reactivity
Health
Reactivity
0
Specific hazard
Personal Protection
E
WHMIS (Canada)
(Pictograms)
DSCL (Europe)
(Pictograms)
TDG (Canada)
(Pictograms)
ADR (Europe)
(Pictograms)
Protective Equipment
Gloves.
Lab coat.
Dust respirator. Be sure to use an
approved/certified respirator or
equivalent. Wear appropriate respirator
when ventilation is inadequate.
Safety glasses.

---

SECTION 16 - ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
N/A

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :

383.49

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :

T6 G656 B7 C6 E5 D 5ABCEF A& FX MNV QO VN SU AHT&&TTTTJ

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :

37 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Cardiac - pulse rate Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - pleural thickening

REFERENCE :

JATOD3 Journal of Analytical Toxicology. (Preston Pub. Inc., POB 48312, Niles, IL 60648) V.1- 1977- Volume(issue)/page/year: 10,120,1986

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

2600 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

JAPMA8 Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association, Scientific Edition. (Washington, DC) V.29-49, 1940-60. For publisher information, see JPMSAE. Volume(issue)/page/year: 31,113,1942

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

1 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

REFERENCE :

ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research. (Editio Cantor Verlag, Postfach 1255, W-7960 Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1- 1951- Volume(issue)/page/year: 23,1125,1973

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

1700 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: 18,185,1971

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

570 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

REFERENCE :

AIPTAK Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. (Heymans Institute of Pharmacology, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium) V.4- 1898- Volume(issue)/page/year: 144,416,1963

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

8 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

AECTCV Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 070944) V.1- 1973- Volume(issue)/page/year: 14,111,1985

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

900 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

IVEBBN International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research, Supplement. (Verlag Hans Huber, Laenggastr. 76, CH-3000 Bern 9, Switzerland) No.12- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 16,31,1977

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

1250 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. (Williams & Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1909/10- Volume(issue)/page/year: 67,153,1939

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

475 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. (Williams & Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1909/10- Volume(issue)/page/year: 79,127,1943

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - cat

DOSE/DURATION :

2500 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

PSEBAA Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1903/04- Volume(issue)/page/year: 35,316,1936

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :

10900 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

REFERENCE :

AIPTAK Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. (Heymans Institute of Pharmacology, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium) V.4- 1898- Volume(issue)/page/year: 144,416,1963

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :

4800 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

REFERENCE :

AIPTAK Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. (Heymans Institute of Pharmacology, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium) V.4- 1898- Volume(issue)/page/year: 144,416,1963

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :

390 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

REFERENCE :

AIPTAK Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. (Heymans Institute of Pharmacology, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium) V.4- 1898- Volume(issue)/page/year: 144,416,1963

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Bird - wild bird species

DOSE/DURATION :

5600 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: 21,315,1972 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** EPA FIFRA 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,7740,1989 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 84661 No. of Facilities: 872 (estimated) No. of Industries: 2 No. of Occupations: 7 No. of Employees: 3575 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 84661 No. of Facilities: 229 (estimated) No. of Industries: 2 No. of Occupations: 3 No. of Employees: 1241 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 690 (estimated)