氯化铬(III)
氯化铬(III)用途
主要用作媒染剂及催化剂
氯化铬(III)名称
[ CAS 号 ]:
10025-73-7
[ 中文名 ]:
三氯化铬
[ 英文名 ]:
Chromium(III) chloride
[中文别名 ]:
[英文别名 ]:
- chromium trichloride
- Chromium(3+) trichloride
- Chromic chloride Chromium trichloride
- Chromium(3+) chloride
- Chromic chloride
- Chromium (Iii) Chloride
- MFCD00010948
- TRICHLOROCHROMIUM
- Chromium(III) chloride
- EINECS 233-038-3
氯化铬(III)物理化学性质
[ 密度 ]:
2.76
[ 沸点 ]:
1300°C
[ 熔点 ]:
1152ºC
[ 分子式 ]:
Cl3Cr
[ 分子量 ]:
158.355
[ 精确质量 ]:
156.847076
[ LogP ]:
2.06850
[ 外观性状 ]:
紫色有光泽的松软的粉末或片
[ 储存条件 ]:
室温
氯化铬(III)MSDS
氯化铬(III)毒性和生态
CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION
- RTECS NUMBER :
- GB5425000
- CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
- 10025-73-7
- LAST UPDATED :
- 199712
- DATA ITEMS CITED :
- 51
- MOLECULAR FORMULA :
- Cl3-Cr
- MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
- 158.35
- WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
- CR G3
HEALTH HAZARD DATA
ACUTE TOXICITY DATA
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 1870 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 31500 ug/m3/2H
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intraperitoneal
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 143 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Subcutaneous
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 800 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intravenous
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 400 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intramuscular
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 40 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intravenous
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rabbit
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 288 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Administration onto the skin
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - guinea pig
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 202 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intraperitoneal
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - guinea pig
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 200 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 33600 mg/kg/12W-C
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain Related to Chronic Data - changes in testicular weight
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intratesticular
- DOSE :
- 12668 ug/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- male 1 day(s) pre-mating
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, sperm duct
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- DOSE :
- 84 gm/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- male 12 week(s) pre-mating
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Fertility - male fertility index (e.g. # males impregnating females per # males exposed to fertile nonpregnant females)
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- DOSE :
- 33600 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 12 week(s) pre-mating
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Fertility - pre-implantation mortality (e.g. reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea) Reproductive - Fertility - litter size (e.g. # fetuses per litter; measured before birth)
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intraperitoneal
- DOSE :
- 44600 ug/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 8 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - eye/ear
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intraperitoneal
- DOSE :
- 30 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 8 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intraperitoneal
- DOSE :
- 59500 ug/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 9 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intraperitoneal
- DOSE :
- 59500 ug/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 8 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - extra-embryonic structures (e.g., placenta, umbilical cord)
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Subcutaneous
- DOSE :
- 450 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 1-17 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Subcutaneous
- DOSE :
- 12668 ug/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- male 30 day(s) pre-mating
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, sperm duct
- TYPE OF TEST :
- Sperm Morphology
MUTATION DATA
- TYPE OF TEST :
- Sister chromatid exchange
- TEST SYSTEM :
- Rodent - hamster Fibroblast
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 1 mg/L
- REFERENCE :
- MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 104,141,1982 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-TWA 0.5 mg(Cr)/m3 DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-Not classifiable as a human carcinogen DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 IARC Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 49,49,1990 IARC Cancer Review:Animal Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 49,49,1990 IARC Cancer Review:Group 3 IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 49,49,1990 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW 85DHAX "Medical and Biologic Effects of Environmental Pollutants Series," Washington, DC, National Academy of Sciences, 1972-77 Volume(issue)/page/year: Cr,22,1974 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 1 mg(Cr)/m3 DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,35,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 0.5 mg(Cr)/m3 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 0.5 mg(Cr)/m3 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 0.5 mg(Cr)/m3 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 0.5 mg(Cr)/m3 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 84456 No. of Facilities: 32 (estimated) No. of Industries: 2 No. of Occupations: 3 No. of Employees: 268 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 84456 No. of Facilities: 338 (estimated) No. of Industries: 4 No. of Occupations: 9 No. of Employees: 3273 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 1706 (estimated)
氯化铬(III)安全信息
[ 符号 ]:
GHS05, GHS07, GHS09
[ 信号词 ]:
Danger
[ 危害声明 ]:
H302-H314-H411
[ 警示性声明 ]:
P260-P280-P301 + P312 + P330-P303 + P361 + P353-P304 + P340 + P310-P305 + P351 + P338
[ 个人防护装备 ]:
dust mask type N95 (US);Eyeshields;Faceshields;Gloves
[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
Xn:Harmful;
[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R22;R36/37/38
[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S24/25
[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN3260
[ WGK德国 ]:
1
[ RTECS号 ]:
GB5425000
[ 包装等级 ]:
III
[ 危险类别 ]:
6.1， 8.0
氯化铬(III)合成路线
氯化铬(III)上下游产品
氯化铬(III)上游产品
氯化铬(III)下游产品
氯化铬(III)制备
制备方法：将三氧化二铬溶解在浓盐酸中，结晶可制得六水合氯化铬。
1.反应中使用的氯气应经浓硫酸脱水，氮气则经联苯三酚的碱溶液脱氧，然后用浓硫酸和五氧化二磷脱水。两种气体可以混合使用或交替使用。上述气体由旋塞切换，鼓入盛有150～200mL四氯化碳的烧瓶中，再流进反应管。反应管为内径25mm、长1m的石英管，将其插入相连的A、B两电炉中；插入位置在距气体入口数厘米处。电炉外部的反应管，应能用煤气灯进行强热，从气体入口至电炉之间的一段反应管中，装入石英纤维或硼硅酸玻璃纤维。在靠近气体入口处的电炉A中，其正中附近的反应管里，放入盛有4.5～6g氢氧化铬（Ⅲ）的两个瓷舟。由于从出口处放出剧毒的碳酰氯（光气）气体，故应特别注意，实验必须在通风柜中进行。操作开始时，往装置内缓缓通入氯气30min，随后切换成氮气，并通入1h，将管内空气完全逐出。接着，两个电炉通电，此时通入的氮气是已鼓进四氯化碳的气体（每分钟约鼓出200～250个气泡）。最后将A加热至700℃，B加热至475～500℃。在电炉B中逐出挥发性的副产物和杂质，而只留下目的产物。4h后打开电炉观察，如瓷舟中的原料已耗尽，则切断电炉的电源。此时，氯气经四氯化碳（每分钟60～80个气泡）后通入反应管内，同时放置冷却。待冷却至300～350℃后，单独通入氮气以代替氯气，直至冷到常温为止。若将原料以氢氧化铬计算，则收率为65%～75%。
2.将500mL带支管的烧瓶放入覆套式电阻加热器中，并把气体导入管插至烧瓶的底部，使加热至100℃的四氯化碳蒸气可以充入烧瓶内，支管连接冷却器和接受器。反应中由于产生剧毒的碳酰氯（光气），因此，实验必须在通风柜中小心地进行。往烧瓶中加入37g市售的六水合三氯化铬，用覆套式电阻加热器加热。以每秒2滴四氯化碳的气化速度将该蒸气充入烧瓶内。烧瓶温度达到150℃时，氯化铬即溶解并起泡，膨胀而成海绵状，若再加热至300℃，则水分和过剩的四氯化碳将被蒸馏并汇集在接受器中。随着温度的上升，发生反应并产生碳酰氯，加热至650℃并结束反应，则烧瓶内充满光彩夺目的紫色结晶。产率20g(91%)。
氯化铬(III)文献
PLoS ONE 9(8) , e103194, (2014)
Chromium occurs mostly in tri- and hexavalent states in the environment. Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] compounds are extensively used in diverse industries, and trivalent chromium [Cr(III)] salts are u...
Tris(2-aminoethyl) amine functionalized silica gel for solid-phase extraction and preconcentration of Cr(III), Cd(II) and Pb(II) from waters.J. Hazard. Mater. 157(1) , 154-60, (2008)
A new tris(2-aminoethyl) amine (TREN) functionalized silica gel (SG-TREN) was prepared and investigated for selective solid-phase extraction (SPE) of trace Cr(III), Cd(II) and Pb(II) prior to its dete...
Genotoxicity of trivalent chromium in bacterial cells. Possible effects on DNA topology.Chem. Res. Toxicol. 15(7) , 943-9, (2002)
Trivalent chromium is a metal required for proper sugar and fat metabolism. However, it has been suggested that it causes DNA damage in in vitro test systems, although in vivo toxicity has not yet bee...
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