丙二腈

丙二腈用途

【用途一】
用于制药，是药物氨苯蝶啶中间体
【用途二】
丙二腈是制备2-氨基-4，6-二甲氧基嘧啶和2-氯-4，6-二甲氧基嘧啶的原料，可用以生产磺酰脲类除草剂如苄嘧磺隆、吡嘧磺隆等，又可用以制造除草剂双草醚，在医药上用以制造利尿药物。
【用途三】
有机合成原料。医药方面，用于合成维生素B1、氨蝶呤、氨苯蝶啶等一系列重要药物。染料方面、农药方面及其他方面都有重要的用途。也可用作金的萃取剂。中国现主要用于生产氨苯蝶啶、苄嘧黄隆、1,4,5,8-萘四甲酸、嘧啶系列产品。

点击显示

丙二腈名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
109-77-3

[ 中文名 ]:
丙二腈

[ 英文名 ]:
Malononitrile

[中文别名 ]:

[英文别名 ]:

Propanedinitrile
Dicyanomethane
Malonitrile
Malonic acid dinitrile
EINECS 203-703-2
Malononitrile
MFCD00001883
Methylene Cyanide
Methylene Dicyanide

丙二腈物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
1.0±0.1 g/cm3

[ 沸点 ]:
218.5±0.0 °C at 760 mmHg

[ 熔点 ]:
30-32 °C(lit.)

[ 分子式 ]:
C₃H₂N₂

[ 分子量 ]:
66.061

[ 闪点 ]:
112.2±0.0 °C

[ 精确质量 ]:
66.021797

[ PSA ]:
47.58000

[ LogP ]:
-0.50

[ 外观性状 ]:
固体熔化物

[ 蒸汽压 ]:
0.1±0.4 mmHg at 25°C

[ 折射率 ]:
1.402

[ 储存条件 ]:
库房通风低温干燥,与氧化剂、酸类、食品添加剂分开存放

[ 水溶解性 ]:
13.3 g/100 mL (20 ºC)

丙二腈MSDS

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

丙二腈毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: OO3150000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Malononitrile

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 109-77-3

BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. :: 0773697

LAST UPDATED :: 199710

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 20

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C3-H2-N2

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 66.07

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: NC1CN

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration into the eye

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

REFERENCE :: 85JCAE "Prehled Prumyslove Toxikologie; Organicke Latky," Marhold, J., Prague, Czechoslovakia, Avicenum, 1986 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,899,1986 ** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 350 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral - excitement

REFERENCE :: MEPAAX Medycyna Pracy. Industrial Medicine. (Ars-Polona, POB 1001, 00-068 Warsaw 1, Poland) V.1- 1950- Volume(issue)/page/year: 27,1,1976

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 20550 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral - excitement

REFERENCE :: MEPAAX Medycyna Pracy. Industrial Medicine. (Ars-Polona, POB 1001, 00-068 Warsaw 1, Poland) V.1- 1950- Volume(issue)/page/year: 27,1,1976

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 31500 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral - excitement

REFERENCE :: MEPAAX Medycyna Pracy. Industrial Medicine. (Ars-Polona, POB 1001, 00-068 Warsaw 1, Poland) V.1- 1950- Volume(issue)/page/year: 27,1,1976

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 19 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: KHZDAN Khigiena i Zdraveopazvane. Hygiene and Sanitation. (Hemus, Blvd. Russki 6, Sofia, Bulgaria) V.9- 1966- Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,50,1966

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 13 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - general anesthetic Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea

REFERENCE :: NATUAS Nature. (Nature Subscription Dept., POB 1018, Manasguan, NJ 08736) V.1- 1869- Volume(issue)/page/year: 228,1315,1970

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 8 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: AIPTAK Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. (Heymans Institute of Pharmacology, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium) V.4- 1898- Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,77,1897

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 32 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: CSLNX* U.S. Army Armament Research & Development Command, Chemical Systems Laboratory, NIOSH Exchange Chemicals. (Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010) Volume(issue)/page/year: NX#07576

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 6500 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting

REFERENCE :: AIPTAK Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. (Heymans Institute of Pharmacology, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium) V.4- 1898- Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,77,1897

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 10043 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Blood - other changes

REFERENCE :: TOXID9 Toxicologist. (Soc. of Toxicology, Inc., 475 Wolf Ledge Parkway, Akron, OH 44311) V.1- 1981- Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,64,1983

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 6 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: CRSBAW Comptes Rendus des Seances de la Societe de Biologie et de Ses Filiales. (SPPIF, B.P.22, F-41353 Vineuil, France) V.1- 1849- Volume(issue)/page/year: 96,202,1927

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 28 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: PJPPAA Polish Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacy. (ARS Polona, POB 1001, 00-068 Warsaw 1, Poland) V.25- 1973- Volume(issue)/page/year: 31,563,1979

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :: 21 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral - excitement

REFERENCE :: MEPAAX Medycyna Pracy. Industrial Medicine. (Ars-Polona, POB 1001, 00-068 Warsaw 1, Poland) V.1- 1950- Volume(issue)/page/year: 27,1,1976

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Bird - pigeon

DOSE/DURATION :: 80 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: AIPTAK Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. (Heymans Institute of Pharmacology, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium) V.4- 1898- Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,77,1897

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Amphibian - frog

DOSE/DURATION :: 95 mg/kg

REFERENCE :: AIPTAK Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. (Heymans Institute of Pharmacology, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium) V.4- 1898- Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,77,1897 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO MALONONITRILE-air:10H TWA 3 ppm REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X5636 No. of Facilities: 4 (estimated) No. of Industries: 1 No. of Occupations: 15 No. of Employees: 1233 (estimated)

点击显示

丙二腈安全信息

[ 符号 ]:

GHS06, GHS09

[ 信号词 ]:
Danger

[ 危害声明 ]:
H301-H311-H331-H410

[ 警示性声明 ]:
P261-P273-P280-P301 + P310-P311-P501

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
Eyeshields;Faceshields;Gloves;type P2 (EN 143) respirator cartridges

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
T:Toxic

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R23/24/25;R50/53

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S23-S27-S45-S60-S61

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN 2647 6.1/PG 2

[ WGK德国 ]:
3

[ RTECS号 ]:
OO3150000

[ 包装等级 ]:
II

[ 危险类别 ]:
6.1

[ 海关编码 ]:
2926909090

丙二腈合成路线

详细合成路线

丙二腈上下游产品

丙二腈上游产品

丙二腈下游产品

丙二腈制备

1.实验室由氰乙酰胺与三氯氧磷进行消除反应制得。将1260g（15mol）氰乙酰胺、1kg食盐和5L二氯乙烷搅拌混合15min后，加入800ml（8.75mol）三氯氧磷。随后，加热回流8h。再冷至室温，过滤。用50ml二氯乙烷洗涤滤饼。合并滤、洗液，蒸出溶剂得粗品丙二腈。将粗品减压蒸馏，收率113-118℃（3.3kPa）馏分得产品570-654g，收率57-66%。

2.丙二烯氧化氨解法。

3.乙腈与氯氰反应法。目前中国企业采用以下生产方法：氰乙酸乙酯（甲酯）→氨化→消除→蒸馏→精制→丙二腈。

4.由氰乙酸乙酯与氨作用，在20℃以下反应，在冰浴中冷却2 h，将沉淀滤出，滤饼用冰水洗涤，然后用乙醇重结晶得氰乙酰胺，由氰乙酰胺与五氧化二磷作用，减压蒸馏，收集110～120℃以下馏分为粗品，然后再减压蒸馏得成品。
NCCH ₂COOC ₂H ₅+NH ₃→NCCH ₂CONH ₂+C ₂H ₅OH
NCCH ₂CONH ₂+P ₂O ₅→NC—CH ₂—CN+2HPO ₃

点击显示

丙二腈海关

[ 海关编码 ]: 2926909090

[ 中文概述 ]:
2926909090 其他腈基化合物. 增值税率:17.0% 退税率:9.0% 监管条件:无最惠国关税:6.5% 普通关税:30.0%

[ 申报要素 ]: 品名, 成分含量, 用途

[ Summary ]:
HS:2926909090 other nitrile-function compounds VAT:17.0% Tax rebate rate:9.0% Supervision conditions:none MFN tariff:6.5% General tariff:30.0%

丙二腈文献

Synthesis of a novel 4H-pyran analog as minor groove binder to DNA using ethidium bromide as fluorescence probe.

Spectrochim. Acta. A. Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 152 , 165-71, (2015)

In the present work, isopropyl-6-amino-4-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-5-cyano-2-methyl-4H-pyran-3-carboxylate (4H-pyran analog) has been synthesized by a three component reaction catalyzed by CsOH...

Design of donor-acceptor star-shaped oligomers for efficient solution-processible organic photovoltaics.

Faraday Discuss. 174 , 313-39, (2014)

This contribution describes recent progress in the design, synthesis and properties of solution-processible star-shaped oligomers and their application in organic photovoltaics. Even though alternativ...

A facile synthesis of new monoazo disperse dyes derived from 4-hydroxyphenylazopyrazole-5-amines: evaluation of microwave assisted dyeing behavior.

Molecules 17(12) , 13891-909, (2012)

A series of new monoazo disperse dyes containing pyrazolopyrimidine moieties was synthesized by coupling malononitrile or 3-aminocrotononitrile with 4-hydroxy- benzenediazonium chloride. Treatment of ...

更多文献

丙二腈

丙二腈用途

丙二腈名称

丙二腈物理化学性质

丙二腈MSDS

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

丙二腈毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

丙二腈安全信息

丙二腈合成路线

详细合成路线

丙二腈上下游产品

丙二腈上游产品

丙二腈下游产品

丙二腈制备

丙二腈海关

丙二腈文献

相关化工产品/化学物质：

推荐生产厂家/供应商：

相关化合物