甲酸乙酯

甲酸乙酯用途

【用途一】
用作色谱分析标准物质、溶剂及杀菌剂，也用于香精的配制、丙酮代用品
【用途二】
用作硝基纤维素、醋酸纤维素的溶剂，医药上用于脲嘧啶、胞嘧啶、胸腺嘧啶的中间体
【用途三】
GB 2760—96规定为允许使用的食用香料。主要用于配制朗姆酒、杏、桃、菠萝、什锦水果和雪莉酒等型香精。
【用途四】
在日用化学品香精中偶尔用于修饰花香型，在食用香精中主要用于果香型如樱桃、杏子、桃子、草莓、悬钩子、苹果、凤梨、香蕉、梅子、葡萄等。在酒用中常用于朗姆、白兰地、威士忌和白葡萄等型中。
【用途五】
甲酸乙酯用作硝酸纤维素、乙酸纤维素等的溶剂，以及食品、香烟、谷类、干燥果品等的杀菌剂、杀幼虫剂和熏蒸剂。甲酸乙酯作为香精可用于调合桃子、香蕉、苹果、杏、菠萝、浆果等香气，亦可作为黄油、白兰地酒、甜酒、威士忌酒等的香料。甲酸乙酯也是有机合成的中间体。例如在制药工业，用于抗肿瘤药物富雪定、维生素B1的生产；甲酸乙酯与丙酮在甲醇钠-二甲苯溶液中缩合可得乙酰基乙烯醇钠，与乙酰甘氨酸酯缩合再与硫氰化钾环合可得2-巯基咪唑-4-羧酸乙酯。甲酸乙酯用于生产鱼腥草素、痛惊宁、康复龙、噻嘧啶、噻啶苯芥、利血生、全合成法山莨菪等的药物。
【用途六】
有机溶剂，有机合成，制酒香料。香烟、食品工业、谷类、干果品等杀菌剂。医药工业原料。

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甲酸乙酯名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
109-94-4

[ 中文名 ]:
甲酸乙酯

[ 英文名 ]:
Ethyl formate

[中文别名 ]:

蚁酸乙酯

[英文别名 ]:

Formic Acid Ethyl Ester
Ethyl formic ester
ETHYL FORMATE/FORMIC ACID ETHYL ESTER
Aethylformiat
ETHYL FORMATE BAKER ANALYZED REAGENT-500 ML
Ethylformiaat
Ethyl Formate, Reagent
Areginal
Ethylformate
Ethyl formate, , pure

甲酸乙酯物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
0.9±0.1 g/cm3

[ 沸点 ]:
54.7±3.0 °C at 760 mmHg

[ 熔点 ]:
−80 °C(lit.)

[ 分子式 ]:
C₃H₆O₂

[ 分子量 ]:
74.078

[ 闪点 ]:
-19.4±0.0 °C

[ 精确质量 ]:
74.036781

[ PSA ]:
26.30000

[ LogP ]:
0.30

[ 外观性状 ]:
无色液体

[ 蒸汽密度 ]:
2.5 (vs air)

[ 蒸汽压 ]:
242.4±0.1 mmHg at 25°C

[ 折射率 ]:
1.356

[ 储存条件 ]:
库房通风低温干燥,与氧化剂分开存放

[ 稳定性 ]:
Stable. Extremely flammable. May form explosive mixtures with air. Note low flash point and wide explosive limits. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases, strong acids, nitrates.

[ 水溶解性 ]:
11 g/100 mL (18 ºC)

甲酸乙酯MSDS

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

甲酸乙酯毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: LQ8400000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Formic acid, ethyl ester

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 109-94-4

LAST UPDATED :: 199806

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 35

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C3-H6-O2

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 74.09

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: VHO2

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Open irritation test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

REFERENCE :: UCDS** Union Carbide Data Sheet. (Union Carbide Corp., 39 Old Ridgebury Rd., Danbury, CT 06817) Volume(issue)/page/year: 4/10/1968 ** ACUTE TOXICITY DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 1850 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea

REFERENCE :: FCTXAV Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. (London, UK) V.1-19, 1963-81. For publisher information, see FCTOD7. Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,327,1964

TYPE OF TEST :: LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 8000 ppm/4H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: AMIHBC AMA Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Medicine. (Chicago, IL) V.2-10, 1950-54. For publisher information, see AEHLAU. Volume(issue)/page/year: 10,61,1954

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 2075 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: IMSUAI Industrial Medicine and Surgery. (Northbrook, IL) V.18-42, 1949-73. For publisher information, see IOHSA5. Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,31,1972

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: >20 mL/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: AMIHBC AMA Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Medicine. (Chicago, IL) V.2-10, 1950-54. For publisher information, see AEHLAU. Volume(issue)/page/year: 10,61,1954

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 1 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: FCTXAV Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. (London, UK) V.1-19, 1963-81. For publisher information, see FCTOD7. Volume(issue)/page/year: 16,737,1978

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :: 1110 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Gastrointestinal - gastritis

REFERENCE :: FCTXAV Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. (London, UK) V.1-19, 1963-81. For publisher information, see FCTOD7. Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,327,1964 ** TUMORIGENIC DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 110 gm/kg/9W-I

REFERENCE :: BJCAAI British Journal of Cancer. (Macmillan Press Ltd., Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hants. RG21 2XS, UK) V.1- 1947- Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,177,1955 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-TWA 303 mg/m3 (100 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW AMIHAB AMA Archives of Industrial Health. (Chicago, IL) V.11-21, 1955-60. For publisher information, see AEHLAU. Volume(issue)/page/year: 20,517,1959 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 100 ppm (300 mg/m3) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,107,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 100 ppm (300 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 100 ppm (300 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 100 ppm (300 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 100 ppm (300 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 100 ppm (300 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRIA:TWA 100 ppm (300 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 100 ppm (303 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 100 ppm (300 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 100 ppm (300 mg/m3);STEL 150 ppm (450 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 100 ppm (300 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 100 ppm (300 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 100 ppm (300 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-POLAND:TWA 100 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 100 ppm (300 mg/m3);STEL 200 ppm (600 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 100 ppm (300 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 100 ppm (300 mg/m3);STEL 150 ppm JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO ETHYL FORMATE-air:10H TWA 100 ppm REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 32610 No. of Facilities: 21 (estimated) No. of Industries: 1 No. of Occupations: 1 No. of Employees: 124 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 32610 No. of Facilities: 99 (estimated) No. of Industries: 6 No. of Occupations: 19 No. of Employees: 8151 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 1169 (estimated)

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甲酸乙酯安全信息

[ 符号 ]:

GHS02, GHS07

[ 信号词 ]:
Danger

[ 危害声明 ]:
H225-H302 + H332-H319-H335

[ 警示性声明 ]:
P210-P261-P305 + P351 + P338

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
Eyeshields;Faceshields;full-face respirator (US);Gloves;multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US)

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
F:Flammable

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R11;R20/22;R36/37

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S9-S16-S24-S26-S33

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN 1190 3/PG 2

[ WGK德国 ]:
1

[ RTECS号 ]:
LQ8400000

[ 包装等级 ]:
II

[ 危险类别 ]:
3

[ 海关编码 ]:
2915130000

甲酸乙酯合成路线

详细合成路线

甲酸乙酯上下游产品

甲酸乙酯上游产品

甲酸乙酯下游产品

甲酸乙酯制备

1.硫酸酯化法甲酸与乙醇在硫酸催化下直接酯化，经中和水洗后精馏得成品。

2.三氯化铝催化酯化法由甲酸和乙醇在结晶三氯化铝催化剂存在下酯化而得。

3.由乙醇和甲酸在硫酸存在下加热酯化后，用五氧化二磷或无水氯化钙脱水精馏而得。

精制方法：由于甲酸乙酯易水解，因此常含有游离的甲酸和乙醇并显酸性。精制时先用碳酸钠溶液洗涤，再用无水碳酸钾或五氧化二磷干燥、分馏。氯化钙与甲酸乙酯形成结晶性复合物，不宜用作干燥剂。

4.制法：

于装有回流冷凝器的反应瓶中，加入98%的甲酸61g（1.33mol），无水乙醇（2）31g（0.67mol），一粒沸石，加热回流反应24h。改为蒸馏装置进行蒸馏，收集62℃以下的馏分，溜出液用氯化钠饱和，再依次用饱和碳酸氢钠、饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤。无水硫酸钠干燥，分馏，收集53～54℃的馏分，得甲酸丁酯（1）36g，收率72%。

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甲酸乙酯海关

[ 海关编码 ]: 2915120000

[ 中文概述 ]:
2915120000 甲酸盐。监管条件:无。增值税率:17.0%。退税率:9.0%。最惠国关税:5.5%。普通关税:30.0%

[ 申报要素 ]: 品名, 成分含量, 用途

[ Summary ]:
2915120000 salts of formic acid。Supervision conditions:None。VAT:17.0%。Tax rebate rate:9.0%。MFN tariff:5.5%。General tariff:30.0%

甲酸乙酯文献

Antioxidants in heat-processed koji and the production mechanisms.

Food Chem. 187 , 364-9, (2015)

We previously developed antioxidative heat-processed (HP)-koji via two-step heating (55 °C/2days → 75 °C/3 days) of white-koji. In this study, we isolated antioxidants in HP-koji and investigated thei...

Concurrent production of biodiesel and chemicals through wet in situ transesterification of microalgae.

Bioresour. Technol. 193 , 386-92, (2015)

This work addresses an unprecedented way of co-producing biodiesel (FAEE) and valuable chemicals of ethyl levulinate (EL), ethyl formate (EF) and diethyl ether (DEE) from wet in situ transesterificati...

Evaluation of injection methods for fast, high peak capacity separations with low thermal mass gas chromatography.

J. Chromatogr. A. 1392 , 82-90, (2015)

Low thermal mass gas chromatography (LTM-GC) was evaluated for rapid, high peak capacity separations with three injection methods: liquid, headspace solid phase micro-extraction (HS-SPME), and direct ...

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甲酸乙酯

甲酸乙酯用途

甲酸乙酯名称

甲酸乙酯物理化学性质

甲酸乙酯MSDS

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

甲酸乙酯毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

甲酸乙酯安全信息

甲酸乙酯合成路线

详细合成路线

甲酸乙酯上下游产品

甲酸乙酯上游产品

甲酸乙酯下游产品

甲酸乙酯制备

甲酸乙酯海关

甲酸乙酯文献

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