紫霉素

紫霉素用途

紫霉素是一种由灰色链霉菌紫色变种产生的一种多肽类抗生素。一般用作第二线抗结核药。仅对结核杆菌有较强的抑制作用。其抗菌机制是抑制细菌蛋白质的合成。对结核分枝杆菌(Mycobacteriumtuberculosis)的抗菌强度比链霉素弱，比对氨基水杨酸钠强，但对链霉素、卡那霉素和异烟肼耐药的菌株仍有效。一般与其他抗结核药物合并使用，以治疗由耐药菌引起的结核病。其抗结核作用与卷曲霉素相似，并与其有交叉耐药性。临床用于对异烟肼、链霉素无效的结核病患者。

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紫霉素名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
32988-50-4

[ 中文名 ]:
紫霉素

[ 英文名 ]:
Viomycin

[中文别名 ]:

紫黴素

[英文别名 ]:

Tuberactomycin B
Viomicina
Tuberactinomycin B
VIOMYCIN
Florimycin
Celiomycin
Viomycinum
Viomycine

紫霉素生物活性

[ 描述 ]:

紫霉素是一种有效的抗分枝杆菌抗生素。当添加到积极参与多肽合成的纯化内源性大肠杆菌多聚体[1][2]中时,紫霉素快速抑制多肽链延长。

[ 相关类别 ]:

研究领域 >> 癌症

[参考文献]

[1]. FINLAY AC, et al. Viomycin a new antibiotic active against Mycobacteria. Am Rev Tuberc. 1951 Jan;63(1):1-3.

[2]. Modolell J, Vázquez. The inhibition of ribosomal translocation by viomycin. Eur J Biochem. 1977 Dec;81(3):491-7.

紫霉素物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
1.8g/cm3

[ 沸点 ]:
695.81°C (rough estimate)

[ 熔点 ]:
280°C (lit.)

[ 分子式 ]:
C₂₅H₄₃N₁₃O₁₀

[ 分子量 ]:
685.69000

[ 精确质量 ]:
685.32600

[ PSA ]:
392.86000

[ 外观性状 ]:
白色至米白色固体

[ 折射率 ]:
1.762

[ 储存条件 ]:
Store at -20°C

紫霉素毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: ZA3900000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Viomycin

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 32988-50-4

LAST UPDATED :: 199609

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 4

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C25-H43-N13-O10

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 685.81

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: T-16-MVYMV GMV JMV NMVTJ CU1MVZ F1Q I1Q LMV1YZ3Z P- DT6MYMTJ BUM FQ

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 1075 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: 85GMAT "Toxicometric Parameters of Industrial Toxic Chemicals Under Single Exposure," Izmerov, N.F., et al., Moscow, Centre of International Projects, GKNT, 1982 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,69,1982

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 1750 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: 85GMAT "Toxicometric Parameters of Industrial Toxic Chemicals Under Single Exposure," Izmerov, N.F., et al., Moscow, Centre of International Projects, GKNT, 1982 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,69,1982

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 1637 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: 85GMAT "Toxicometric Parameters of Industrial Toxic Chemicals Under Single Exposure," Izmerov, N.F., et al., Moscow, Centre of International Projects, GKNT, 1982 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,69,1982 ** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

DOSE :: 7 gm/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 6-10 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - litter size (e.g. # fetuses per litter; measured before birth) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death

REFERENCE :: OSDIAF Osaka Shiritsu Daigaku Igaku Zasshi. Journal of the Osaka City Medical Center. (Osaka, Japan) V.4-23, 1955-74. For publisher information, see OIGZDE. Volume(issue)/page/year: 14,107,1965