碘_MSDS_用途_密度_碘CAS号【7553-56-2】

【用途一】
用于配制当量溶剂、测定碘价、标定硫代硫酸钠溶液浓度，溶液可作消毒剂，照相制版中用于碘剂和减薄液配制
【用途二】
主要用于制造碘化物，也用于制备农药、饲料添加剂、染料、碘酒、试纸、药物等
【用途三】
用于容量分析及比色分析
【用途四】
医药上主要用作消毒剂
【用途五】
电子工业用材料，用作高纯试剂。
【用途六】
是制造无机碘化物和有机碘化物的基本原料，主要用于医药卫生方面，用以制造各种碘制剂、杀菌剂、消毒剂、脱臭剂、镇痛剂和放射性物质的解毒剂。是制农药的原料，亦是家畜饲料添加剂。工业上用于合成染料、烟雾灭火剂、照相感光乳剂和切削油乳剂的抑菌剂。用于制造电子仪器的单晶棱镜、光学仪器的偏光镜、能透过红外线的玻璃。用于皮革和特种肥皂。在有机合成反应的甲基化、异构化和脱氢反应中，碘是良好的催化剂。还用作烷烃和烯烃的分离剂。用作松香、妥尔油及其他木材制品的稳定剂。也用作高纯度锆、钛、铪、硅和锗的提炼剂。
【用途七】
消毒、杀菌。
【用途八】
标定硫代硫酸钠标准溶液,测定油脂的碘值,镁及乙酸盐的显色反应,制造碘烷及碘化物等。淀粉的比色测定。测定血清中非蛋白氮、淀粉酶。制备固紫和甲苯胺蓝碘溶液。催化剂。消毒剂。
【用途九】
标定硫代硫酸钠标准溶液,测定油脂的碘值,镁及乙酸盐的显色反应,制造碘烷及碘化物等。淀粉的比色测定。测定血清中非蛋白氮、淀粉酶。制备固紫和甲苯胺蓝碘溶液。催化剂。消毒剂。校准仪器和装置；评价方法；工作标准；质量保证/质量控制；其他。
【用途十】
主要用作消毒剂。碘化物用作食物补碘剂(慎用!遵医嘱)以及用于制染料、分析试剂等。用于ICP-AES、AAS、AFS、ICP-MS、离子色谱等。滴定分析用标准溶液。

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[ 密度 ]:
3.8±0.1 g/cm3

[ 沸点 ]:
184.4±9.0 °C at 760 mmHg

[ 熔点 ]:
113 °C(lit.)

[ 分子式 ]:
I₂

[ 分子量 ]:
253.809

[ 精确质量 ]:
253.808914

[ LogP ]:
3.16

[ 外观性状 ]:
紫罗兰色-黑色晶体带有一种金属光泽和一种强烈的气味

[ 蒸汽密度 ]:
9 (vs air)

[ 蒸汽压 ]:
0.5±0.4 mmHg at 25°C

[ 折射率 ]:
1.788

[ 储存条件 ]:
库房通风低温干燥,与氧化剂分开储运

[ 水溶解性 ]:
0.3 g/L (20 ºC)

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: NN1575000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Iodine

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 7553-56-2

LAST UPDATED :: 199712

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 53

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: I2

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 253.80

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: I2

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human

DOSE/DURATION :: 28 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea Gastrointestinal - other changes

REFERENCE :: 34ZIAG "Toxicology of Drugs and Chemicals," Deichmann, W.B., New York, Academic Press, Inc., 1969 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,330,1969

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - woman

DOSE/DURATION :: 26 mg/kg/1Y-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Endocrine - evidence of thyroid hyperfunction

REFERENCE :: PGMJAO Postgraduate Medical Journal. (Blackwell Scientific Pub. Ltd., POB 88, Oxford, UK) V.1- 1925- Volume(issue)/page/year: 62,661,1986

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Unreported

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :: 29 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: 85DCAI "Poisoning; Toxicology, Symptoms, Treatments," 2nd ed., Arena, J.M., Springfield, IL, C.C. Thomas, 1970 Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,73,1970

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 14 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: DRFUD4 Drugs of the Future. (J.R. Prous, S.A., Apartado de Correos 540, 08080 Barcelona, Spain) V.1- 1975/76- Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,876,1979

TYPE OF TEST :: LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 137 ppm/1H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - body temperature decrease

REFERENCE :: NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information. Volume(issue)/page/year: OTS0555278

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 10500 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: NIIRDN Drugs in Japan (Ethical Drugs). (Yakugyo Jiho Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) Volume(issue)/page/year: -,1226,1990

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 22 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: DRFUD4 Drugs of the Future. (J.R. Prous, S.A., Apartado de Correos 540, 08080 Barcelona, Spain) V.1- 1975/76- Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,876,1979

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: >8650 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: NIIRDN Drugs in Japan (Ethical Drugs). (Yakugyo Jiho Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) Volume(issue)/page/year: -,1226,1990

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 800 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: HBAMAK "Abdernalden's Handbuch der Biologischen Arbeitsmethoden." (Leipzig, Ger. Dem. Rep.) Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,1289,1935

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 40 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: HBTXAC "Handbook of Toxicology," 4 vols., Philadelphia, W.B. Saunders Co., 1956-59 Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,76,1959

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 10 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: DRFUD4 Drugs of the Future. (J.R. Prous, S.A., Apartado de Correos 540, 08080 Barcelona, Spain) V.1- 1975/76- Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,876,1979

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 175 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: HBTXAC "Handbook of Toxicology," 4 vols., Philadelphia, W.B. Saunders Co., 1956-59 Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,76,1959 ** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 746 mg/kg/14W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Blood - other changes

REFERENCE :: JTEHD6 Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. (Hemisphere Pub., 1025 Vermont Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20005) V.1- 1975/76- Volume(issue)/page/year: 32,89,1991 ** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 1100 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 1-22 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive)

REFERENCE :: JONUAI Journal of Nutrition. (Subscription Dept., 9650 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20014) V.1- 1928- Volume(issue)/page/year: 84,107,1964

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 2750 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 1-22 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain)

REFERENCE :: JONUAI Journal of Nutrition. (Subscription Dept., 9650 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20014) V.1- 1928- Volume(issue)/page/year: 84,107,1964

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 15 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 30-31 day(s) after conception

REFERENCE :: JONUAI Journal of Nutrition. (Subscription Dept., 9650 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20014) V.1- 1928- Volume(issue)/page/year: 87,394,1965 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-CL 1.0 mg/m3 (0.1 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW FOREAE Food Research. (Champaign, IL) V.1-25, 1936-60. For publisher information, see JFDSAZ. Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,313,1942 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW KOTTAM Kogai to Taisaku. Journal of Environmental Pollution Control. (Kogai Taisaku Gijutsu Dokokai, Shuwa-Akasaka Bldg., 9-1-244, Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo 107, Japan) V.1- 1965- Volume(issue)/page/year: 11,1300,1975 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** EPA FIFRA 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,7740,1989 MSHA STANDARD:air-CL 0.1 ppm (1 mg/m3) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,135,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):CL 0.1 ppm (1 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):CL 0.1 ppm (1 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):CL 0.1 ppm (1 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):CL 0.1 ppm (1 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-ARAB Republic of Egypt:TWA 0.1 ppm (0.1 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 0.1 ppm (1 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:STEL 0.1 ppm (1 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:.STEL 1 ppm (1 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:STEL 0.1 ppm (1 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:STEL 0.1 ppm (1 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 0.1 ppm (1 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-HUNGARY:TWA 1 mg/m3;STEL 2 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-JAPAN:TWA 0.1 ppm (1 mg/m3);STEL 1 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 0.1 ppm (1 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 0.1 ppm (1 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-POLAND:TWA 1 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:TWA 0.1 ppm;STEL 1 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:STEL 0.1 ppm (1 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 0.1 ppm (1 mg/m3);STEL 0.2 ppm (2 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THAILAND:TWA 0.1 ppm (1 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 0.1 ppm (1 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:STEL 0.1 ppm (1 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO IODINE-air:CL 0.1 ppm REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 40030 No. of Facilities: 7490 (estimated) No. of Industries: 51 No. of Occupations: 46 No. of Employees: 124917 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 40030 No. of Facilities: 6179 (estimated) No. of Industries: 63 No. of Occupations: 77 No. of Employees: 204902 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 129889 (estimated)

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[ 符号 ]:

GHS07, GHS08, GHS09

[ 信号词 ]:
Danger

[ 危害声明 ]:
H312 + H332-H315-H319-H335-H372-H400

[ 补充危害声明 ]:
May form explosive peroxides.

[ 警示性声明 ]:
P261-P273-P280-P305 + P351 + P338-P314

[ 靶器官 ]:
Thyroid.

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
dust mask type N95 (US);Eyeshields;Faceshields;Gloves

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
Xn: Harmful;N: Dangerous for the environment;

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R20/21;R50

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S26-S61-S25-S23

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN 2056 3/PG 2

[ WGK德国 ]:
2

[ RTECS号 ]:
NN1575000

[ 包装等级 ]:
III

[ 危险类别 ]:
8

[ 海关编码 ]:
2801200000

详细合成路线

碘上游产品

碘下游产品

1．离子交换法将海带加13～15倍量的水浸泡两遍，浸泡液含碘量达0.5～0.55g/L。因浸泡液含有大量褐藻糖胶和其他杂质，需加碱除去，加入36%～40％液碱，经充分搅拌，使pH为12，澄清8h以上。上部清液送至酸化槽，加入盐酸调节pH在1.5～2，然后送入氧化罐，通氯气进行氧化使碘游离，通过717＃离子交换树脂吸附，加入亚硫酸钠解吸，把得到含碘解吸液加入氯酸钾、硫酸后使碘析出，将粗碘加热至150℃以上，加入浓硫酸进行熔融精制，经冷却结晶、粉碎，制得碘成品。其反应式如下：

通过离子交换柱的废碘水用以提取甘露醇。
2．空气吹出法将含碘制盐母液加入盐酸进行酸化，控制pH在1～2，经预热至40℃左右，送入氧化器，同时通入适量氯气，使料液中的碘离子氧化为碘分子，将此氧化液送至吹出塔，从上部均匀淋下，从吹出塔下部通入预热至40℃的空气，将碘吹出，含碘空气进入吸收塔，由塔上部喷淋下的二氧化硫水溶液吸收，并被还原生成氢碘酸。当吸收液浓度达到含碘约150ｇ/L时，即送入碘析器，在不断搅动下，缓慢通入氯气，使碘游离沉淀，经过滤、加入浓硫酸熔融精制，冷却结晶、粉碎，制得碘成品。其反应式如下：

以工业碘为原料，经重结晶提纯精制而成，制得高纯碘纯度为99.5%。 3．将研细的化学纯碘化钾和化学纯重铬酸钾以1:(15～2.0)的比例混合均匀，加热使其反应，接收
器用水冷却，直到紫色蒸气不再产生为止，所得分析纯碘，产率接近100%。 4．在碘升华器内将工业碘逐渐加热至150～170℃时，以3L/min的速度通入氮气，并用红外灯保温至200℃，即有红色蒸气逸出，蒸气在冷凝器中积聚成片状结晶碘，升华温度控制在250℃以下，产品为高纯I2，得率为83.3％，杂质总含量为5×10 －4%。

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[ 海关编码 ]: 2801200000

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