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7440-02-0生产厂家

7440-02-0价格

7440-02-0

7440-02-0结构式
7440-02-0结构式
  • 常用中文名:
  • 常用英文名:Nickel
  • CAS号:7440-02-0
  • 分子式:Ni
  • 分子量:58.692
  • 相关类别: 无机化工 单质
  • 发布时间:2018-02-08 08:00:00
  • 更新时间:2024-01-02 14:16:42
  • 主要用于制造电碳制品、摩擦材料、含油轴承及粉末冶金结构材料镍应用领域   镍是银白色金属,具有磁性和良好的可塑性。有好的耐腐蚀性,镍近似银白色、硬而有延展性并具有铁磁性的金属元素,它能够高度磨光和抗腐蚀。溶于硝酸后,呈绿色。主要用于合金(如镍钢和镍银)及用作催化剂(如兰尼镍,尤指用作氢化的催化剂)密度:8.902克/立方厘米
    熔点:1453℃
    沸点:2732℃

化源商城直购

中文名
英文名 nickel atom
中文别名 雷尼镍
分散在水中的镍催化剂
高纯镍
还原镍粉
纳米镍粉
镍箔
骨架镍
镍离子
镍粉
英文别名 NP 2
NI-5249P
Ni 4303T
RCH 55/5
raney ni
Ni 270
Nichel
MFCD00003414
Aluminium - nickel (1:1)
Nickel
Aluminum - nickel (1:1)
EINECS 231-853-9
密度 6.97
沸点 2732 °C(lit.)
熔点 1453 ºC
分子式 Ni
分子量 58.692
精确质量 57.934254
外观性状 银色白色,硬的,有延展性的金属大块或灰色粉末
蒸汽密度 5.8 (vs air)
储存条件

储存注意事项 储存于阴凉、通风的库房。远离火种、热源。包装要求密封,不可与空气接触。应与氧化剂、酸类等分开存放,切忌混储。采用防爆型照明、通风设施。禁止使用易产生火花的机械设备和工具。储区应备有合适的材料收容泄漏物。

稳定性

1.稳定性 稳定

2.禁配物 酸类、强氧化剂、硫

3.避免接触的条件 空气

4.聚合危害 不聚合

分子结构

1、摩尔折射率:无可用的

2、摩尔体积(cm3/mol):无可用的

3、等张比容(90.2K):无可用的

4、表面张力(dyne/cm):无可用的

5、介电常数:无可用的

6、极化率(10-24cm3):无可用的

7、单一同位素质量:57.935349 Da

8、标称质量:58 Da

9、平均质量:58.6934 Da

计算化学

1.疏水参数计算参考值(XlogP):无

2.氢键供体数量:0

3.氢键受体数量:0

4.可旋转化学键数量:0

5.互变异构体数量:无

6.拓扑分子极性表面积0

7.重原子数量:1

8.表面电荷:0

9.复杂度:0

10.同位素原子数量:0

11.确定原子立构中心数量:0

12.不确定原子立构中心数量:0

13.确定化学键立构中心数量:0

14.不确定化学键立构中心数量:0

15.共价键单元数量:1

更多

1.性状:银白色块状坚硬金属或粉末

2.熔点(℃):1455

3.沸点(℃):2732

4.相对密度(水=1):8.90

5.饱和蒸气压(kPa):0.13(1810℃)

6.辛醇/水分配系数:-0.57

7.溶解性:不溶于水、氨,不溶于浓硝酸,溶于稀硝酸,微溶于盐酸和硫酸。

第一部分:化学品名称
化学品中文名称:
化学品英文名称:
nickel
中文名称 2
英文名称 2
技术说明书编码:
488
CAS No.
7440-02-0
分子式:
Ni
分子量:
58.70


第二部分:成分 / 组成信息
有害物成分
含量
CAS No.
7440-02-0


第三部分:危险性概述
危险性类别:
侵入途径:
健康危害:
可引起镍皮炎,又称镍“痒疹”。皮肤剧痒,后出现丘疹、疱疹及红斑,重者化脓、溃烂。长期吸入镍粉可致呼吸道刺激、慢性鼻炎,甚至发生鼻中隔穿孔。尚可引起变态反应性肺炎、支气管炎、哮喘等。
环境危害:
对环境有危害,对水体可造成污染。
燃爆危险:
本品属自燃物品,具刺激性,接触可引起皮炎,奇痒。
第四部分:急救措施
皮肤接触:
脱去污染的衣着,用肥皂水和清水彻底冲洗皮肤。
眼睛接触:
提起眼睑,用流动清水或生理盐水冲洗。就医。
吸入:
迅速脱离现场至空气新鲜处。如呼吸困难,给输氧。就医。
食入:
饮足量温水,催吐。就医。


第五部分:消防措施
危险特性:
其粉体化学活性较高,暴露在空气中会发生氧化反应,甚至自燃。遇强酸反应,放出氢气。粉尘可燃,能与空气形成爆炸性混合物。
有害燃烧产物:
灭火方法:
消防人员必须佩戴过滤式防毒面具 ( 全面罩 ) 或隔离式呼吸器、穿全身防火防毒服,在上风向灭火。灭火剂:干粉、砂土。
第六部分:泄漏应急处理
应急处理:
隔离泄漏污染区,限制出入。切断火源。建议应急处理人员戴自给正压式呼吸器,穿防毒服。不要直接接触泄漏物。使用无火花工具收集于干燥、洁净、有盖的容器中。转移回收。
第七部分:操作处置与储存
操作注意事项:
密闭操作,局部排风。操作人员必须经过专门培训,严格遵守操作规程。建议操作人员佩戴自吸过滤式防尘口罩,戴化学安全防护眼镜,穿透气型防毒服,戴防化学品手套。远离火种、热源,工作场所严禁吸烟。使用防爆型的通风系统和设备。避免与氧化剂、酸类接触。搬运时要轻装轻卸,防止包装及容器损坏。配备相应品种和数量的消防器材及泄漏应急处理设备。倒空的容器可能残留有害物。
储存注意事项:
储存于阴凉、通风的库房。远离火种、热源。包装要求密封,不可与空气接触。应与氧化剂、酸类等分开存放,切忌混储。采用防爆型照明、通风设施。禁止使用易产生火花的机械设备和工具。储区应备有合适的材料收容泄漏物。
第八部分:接触控制 / 个体防护
职业接触限值
中国 MAC(mg/m3)
1[ Ni ]
前苏联 MAC(mg/m3)
未制定标准
TLVTN
OSHA 1mg[Ni]/m3; ACGIH 0.05mg/m3[Ni]
TLVWN
未制定标准
监测方法:
火焰原子吸收光谱法;α-糠偶酰二肟比色法;催化极谱法
工程控制:
密闭操作,局部排风。
呼吸系统防护:
可能接触其粉尘时,佩戴自吸过滤式防尘口罩。
眼睛防护:
戴化学安全防护眼镜。
身体防护:
穿透气型防毒服。
手防护:
戴防化学品手套。
其他防护:
工作完毕,淋浴更衣。注意个人清洁卫生。工作时皮肤划伤应及时处理。


第九部分:理化特性
主要成分:
纯品
外观与性状:
银白色坚硬金属。
pH
熔点 ( )
1453
沸点 ( )
2732
相对密度 ( =1)
8.90
相对蒸气密度 ( 空气 =1)
无资料
饱和蒸气压 (kPa)
0.13(1810)
燃烧热 (kJ/mol)
无资料
临界温度 ( )
无资料
临界压力 (MPa)
无资料
辛醇 / 水分配系数的对数值:
无资料
闪点 ( )
无意义
引燃温度 ( )
无资料
爆炸上限 %(V/V)
无资料
爆炸下限 %(V/V)
无资料
溶解性:
不溶于浓硝酸,溶于稀硝酸。
主要用途:
用于电子管材料、加氢催化剂及镍盐制造。
其它理化性质:
第十部分:稳定性和反应活性
稳定性:
禁配物:
酸类、强氧化剂、硫。
避免接触的条件:
空气。
聚合危害:
分解产物:
第十一部分:毒理学资料
急性毒性:
LD50 :无资料

LC50
:无资料
亚急性和慢性毒性:
刺激性:
致敏性:
致突变性:
致畸性:
致癌性:


第十二部分:生态学资料
生态毒理毒性:
生物降解性:
非生物降解性:
生物富集或生物积累性:
其它有害作用:
该物质对环境有危害,应特别注意对水体的污染。


第十三部分:废弃处置
废弃物性质:
废弃处置方法:
若可能,回收使用。
废弃注意事项:
第十四部分:运输信息
危险货物编号:
42004
UN 编号:
1378
包装标志:
包装类别:
Z01
包装方法:
无资料。
运输注意事项:
铁路运输时须报铁路局进行试运,试运期为两年。试运结束后,写出试运报告,报铁道部正式公布运输条件。运输时运输车辆应配备相应品种和数量的消防器材及泄漏应急处理设备。装运本品的车辆排气管须有阻火装置。运输过程中要确保容器不泄漏、不倒塌、不坠落、不损坏。严禁与氧化剂、酸类、食用化学品等混装混运。运输途中应防曝晒、雨淋,防高温。中途停留时应远离火种、热源。车辆运输完毕应进行彻底清扫。铁路运输时要禁止溜放。


第十五部分:法规信息
法规信息
化学危险物品安全管理条例 (1987 2 17 日国务院发布 ) ,化学危险物品安全管理条例实施细则 ( 化劳发 [1992] 677 ) ,工作场所安全使用化学品规定 ([1996] 劳部发 423 ) 等法规,针对化学危险品的安全使用、生产、储存、运输、装卸等方面均作了相应规定;常用危险化学品的分类及标志 (GB 13690-92) 将该物质划为第 4.2 类自燃物品;车间空气中镍及其无机化合物卫生标准 (GB 16210-1996) ,规定了车间空气中该物质的最高容许浓度及检测方法。
第十六部分:其他信息
参考文献:
填表时间:
填表部门:
数据审核单位:
修改说明:
其他信息:
MSDS 修改日期:

毒理学数据:

1.急性毒性LD50:250mg/kg(大鼠腹腔)

2.刺激性 暂无资料

3.致突变性 形态学转化:仓鼠胚胎5μmol/L;仓鼠肾400mg/L。

4.致癌性 IARC致癌性评论:G2B,可疑人类致癌物。

5.其他 大鼠经口最低中毒剂量(TDLo):158mg/kg(多代用药),胚胎毒性,胎鼠死亡。

生态学数据:

1.生态毒性 暂无资料

2.生物降解性 暂无资料

3.非生物降解性 暂无资料

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :
QR5950000
CHEMICAL NAME :
Nickel
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
7440-02-0
LAST UPDATED :
199712
DATA ITEMS CITED :
102
MOLECULAR FORMULA :
Ni
MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
58.71
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
NI

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
5 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
250 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Vascular - regional or general arteriolar or venous dilation Liver - other changes Blood - other changes
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intratracheal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
12 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
50 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - fluid intake Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - proteinuria
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - cat
DOSE/DURATION :
12500 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
7 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
7500 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION :
5 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
500 mg/kg/5D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - fibrosis, focal (pneumoconiosis) Related to Chronic Data - death
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
100 ug/m3/24H/17W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - liver function tests impaired Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Blood - changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
50 mg/kg/5D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - fibrosis, focal (pneumoconiosis) Related to Chronic Data - death
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
500 mg/kg/5D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - fibrosis, focal (pneumoconiosis) Related to Chronic Data - death
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
100 mg/kg/5D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - fibrosis, focal (pneumoconiosis) Related to Chronic Data - death
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
1700 ug/m3/6H/5W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - changes in lung weight Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - lipids including transport
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
130 ug/m3/6H/35W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - lipids including transport
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
1 mg/m3/6H/26W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
50 mg/kg/5D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - fibrosis, focal (pneumoconiosis) Related to Chronic Data - death
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
3000 mg/kg/6W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Skin and Appendages - tumors Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intramuscular
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
56 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Musculoskeletal - tumors Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intrapleural
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
100 mg/kg/21W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Parenteral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
40 mg/kg/52W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors Reproductive - Tumorigenic effects - uterine tumors
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Implant
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
250 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Skin and Appendages - tumors Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intramuscular
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
200 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Implant
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
165 mg/kg/2Y-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria Reproductive - Tumorigenic effects - uterine tumors Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION :
15 mg/m3/91W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - bronchiogenic carcinoma
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intramuscular
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - hamster
DOSE/DURATION :
200 mg/kg/21W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Musculoskeletal - tumors Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application
TYPE OF TEST :
TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intramuscular
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
58 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application
TYPE OF TEST :
TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Implant
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
23 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application
TYPE OF TEST :
TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intramuscular
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
125 mg/kg/13W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application
TYPE OF TEST :
TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intramuscular
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
800 mg/kg/13W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application
TYPE OF TEST :
TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intramuscular
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
90 mg/kg/18W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application
TYPE OF TEST :
TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intramuscular
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
889 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Musculoskeletal - tumors Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application
TYPE OF TEST :
TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intrapleural
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
1250 mg/kg/17W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Musculoskeletal - tumors Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application
TYPE OF TEST :
TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intrapleural
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
125 mg/kg/21W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application
TYPE OF TEST :
TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intramuscular
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
200 mg/kg/21W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria Musculoskeletal - tumors Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application
TYPE OF TEST :
TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intramuscular
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
1 gm/kg/17W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
158 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
multigenerations
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
Morphological transformation
TEST SYSTEM :
Rodent - hamster Embryo
REFERENCE :
TOXID9 Toxicologist. (Soc. of Toxicology, Inc., 475 Wolf Ledge Parkway, Akron, OH 44311) V.1- 1981- Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,132,1981 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-TWA 1 mg/m3 DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 IARC Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 49,257,1990 IARC Cancer Review:Human Sufficient Evidence IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,264,1987 IARC Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 49,257,1990 IARC Cancer Review:Group 2B IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 49,257,1990 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ACLSCP Annals of Clinical and Laboratory Science. (1833 Delancey Pl., Philadelphia, PA 19103) V.1- 1971- Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,156,1973 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW KOTTAM Kogai to Taisaku. Journal of Environmental Pollution Control. (Kogai Taisaku Gijutsu Dokokai, Shuwa-Akasaka Bldg., 9-1-244, Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo 107, Japan) V.1- 1965- Volume(issue)/page/year: 11,1300,1975 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MIBUBI Mikrobiyoloji Bulteni. Bulletin of Microbiology. (c/o Dr. A. Tevfik Cenqiz, Ankara Universitesi Tip Fakultesi Mikrobiyoloji Ana Bilim Dah, Ankara, Turkey) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,321,1975 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW FCTXAV Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. (London, UK) V.1-19, 1963-81. For publisher information, see FCTOD7. Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,105,1971 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW 85DHAX "Medical and Biologic Effects of Environmental Pollutants Series," Washington, DC, National Academy of Sciences, 1972-77 Volume(issue)/page/year: Ni,168,1975 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW 85CVA2 "Oncology 1970, Proceedings of the Tenth International Cancer Congress," Chicago, Year Book Medical Pub., 1971 Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,63,1970 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW 31BYAP "Experimental Lung Cancer: Carcinogenesis and Bioassays, International Symposium, 1974," Karbe, E., and J.F. Park, eds., Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., 1974 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,93,1974 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information. Volume(issue)/page/year: CONF-691001 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW GSAMAQ Memoir--Geological Society of America. (POB 9140, Boulder, CO 80302) No.1- 1934- Volume(issue)/page/year: 123,109,1971 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW PEXTAR Progress in Experimental Tumor Research. (S. Karger AG, Postfach CH-4009 Basel, Switzerland) V.1- 1960- Volume(issue)/page/year: 12,102,1969 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW DICHAK Diseases of the Chest. (Chicago, IL) V.1-56, 1935-69. For publisher information, see CHETBF. Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,527,1968 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW AMTODM Advances in Modern Toxicology. (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 605 Third Ave., New York, NY 10016) V.1, 1976-79. Discontinued. Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,209,1977 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 1 mg/m3 DTLWS* "Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values for Substances in Workroom Air," Supplements. For publisher information, see 85INA8. Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,24,1973 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-ARAB Republic of Egypt:TWA 0.1 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 1 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 1 mg/m3 (insoluble compounds) JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 0.05 mg/m3;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 0.5 mg/m3 (dust) JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 1 mg/m3 (insoluble compounds) JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 0.1 mg/m3;Skin;Carcinogen (insoluble compounds) JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 1 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-HUNGARY:STEL 0.005 mg/m3;Carcinogen (insoluble compounds) JAN 1993 OEL-JAPAN:TWA 1 mg/m3;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 0.1 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 1 mg/m3 (insoluble compounds) JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 1 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 0.05 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 0.5 mg/m3 (dust) JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 0.5 mg/m3 (insoluble compounds) JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 0.5 mg/m3;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-THAILAND:TWA 1 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 0.5 mg/m3 (insoluble compounds) JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 0.5 mg/m3 (dust) JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 1 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO NICKEL, INORGANIC-air:10H CA TWA 0.015 mg(Ni)/m3 REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 50420 No. of Facilities: 1867 (estimated) No. of Industries: 55 No. of Occupations: 52 No. of Employees: 23272 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X5096 No. of Facilities: 7 (estimated) No. of Industries: 2 No. of Occupations: 4 No. of Employees: 110 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X5918 No. of Facilities: 678 (estimated) No. of Industries: 14 No. of Occupations: 17 No. of Employees: 6440 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 611 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X5986 No. of Facilities: 1124 (estimated) No. of Industries: 14 No. of Occupations: 15 No. of Employees: 10233 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 80 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X8294 No. of Facilities: 9 (estimated) No. of Industries: 1 No. of Occupations: 1 No. of Employees: 611 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 50420 No. of Facilities: 32771 (estimated) No. of Industries: 260 No. of Occupations: 116 No. of Employees: 507681 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 19673 (estimated)

符号 GHS07 GHS08
GHS07, GHS08
信号词 Danger
危害声明 H317-H351-H372-H412
警示性声明 P273-P280-P314-P333 + P313
个人防护装备 Eyeshields;Faceshields;full-face particle respirator type N100 (US);Gloves;respirator cartridge type N100 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter;type P3 (EN 143) respirator cartridges
危害码 (欧洲) Xn:Harmful
风险声明 (欧洲) R17;R40;R43
安全声明 (欧洲) S26-S45-S60-S61-S36-S22-S36/37-S16-S15-S5
危险品运输编码 UN 1493 5.1/PG 2
WGK德国 3
RTECS号 VW4725000
包装等级 II
危险类别 4.1

1.氧化镍用氢气在加热条件下还原,可得粉状金属镍:

NiO+H2=Ni+H2O

加热温度的不同,可影响所得镍粉的性质。若还原反应在270-280ºC下进行所得镍粉十分稳定,适用于有机化合物的加氢;若维持在600-700ºC,可增加反应速度,还原时间会缩短2-3倍。

2.将热分解六水合硝酸镍Ni(NO3)2·6H2O得到的NiO在300~400℃下通入经P2O5干燥的高纯度、不含氧的H2,反应15h。制得的金属粉末在密封情况下转移至与仪器连接的小玻璃泡内。金属粉末也可储存于瓶中,用乙醇覆盖。

3.高压氢还原法 在高压釜内,在催化剂存在下用氢气还原碱式碳酸镍浆料可制得平均粒径为1.0~1.2μm的镍粉。

4.蒸发冷凝法 金属镍加热到1425℃即汽化,蒸气急速冷凝即可制得镍粉。采用真空环境蒸发可以降低蒸发温度,例如在133Pa压力下加热到700℃即得到镍蒸气。急冷方式不同,生成的镍粉各具特色。在配有高效搅拌器的4升烧杯中放入由380克氢氧化钠和1.5升蒸馏水配成的溶液,把烧杯置于冰浴中使溶液冷到10℃。在搅拌下将300克镍一铝合金(含50%左右的镍)分小批量地加到溶液中,加合金的速度使温度不超过25℃。当全部合金加完后(大约需要2小时),停止搅拌,从冰浴中取出烧杯,让内容物的温度回升到室温。待氢的放出变慢时把反应混合物放在蒸汽浴上,直至氢的放出又再变慢时为止(大约8-12小时)。开始时加热不应太快,否则溶液会起泡溢出。在加热时保持溶液的体积不变,如有需要可添加蒸馏水。加热后让镍沉下去并把大部分的液体倾掉,然后加蒸馏水使溶液恢复到原来的体积;镍被搅拌而悬浮,再让它沉下,倾出溶液。然后用蒸馏水把镍转移到2升烧杯里,再倾去水。加入54克氢氧化钠与500毫升水所组成的溶液,搅拌使催化剂悬浮起来又让它沉下;倾出碱液,这样在蒸馏水里用悬浮和倾去的办法洗涤镍,直至洗涤水对石蕊呈中性,再洗10次以上以完全除去碱(需要洗涤20至40次)。.按此洗涤程序再用95%乙醇重复洗三次,每次用200毫升,最后用无水乙醇重复洗三次,然后把催化剂盛在无水乙醇的瓶子里,把瓶子塞紧。产物非常易着火,因此任何时候都必须保存在液面以下,在悬浮物中,阮内镍的含量大约为150克。

7440-02-0 preparation