毒理学数据:
镍能进入细胞，引起细胞中酶和代谢过程破坏，可能因导致某些致癌物质生成而产生致癌作用。与镍盐接触可引起镍性湿疹、镍性疥疮。
生态学数据:
对是水稍微有危害的不要让未稀释或大量的产品接触地下水、水道或者污水系统，若无政府许可，勿将材料排入周围环境。
CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION
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RTECS NUMBER :
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QR8400000
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
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1313-99-1
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LAST UPDATED :
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199712
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DATA ITEMS CITED :
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67
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MOLECULAR FORMULA :
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Ni-O
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MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
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74.71
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WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
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NI O
HEALTH HAZARD DATA
ACUTE TOXICITY DATA
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TYPE OF TEST :
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LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Oral
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - rat
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DOSE/DURATION :
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5 gm/kg
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
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TYPE OF TEST :
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LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Intratracheal
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - rat
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DOSE/DURATION :
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20 mg/kg
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
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TYPE OF TEST :
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LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Subcutaneous
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - mouse
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DOSE/DURATION :
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50 mg/kg
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
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TYPE OF TEST :
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LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Intravenous
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Mammal - dog
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DOSE/DURATION :
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9 mg/kg
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
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TYPE OF TEST :
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LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Intravenous
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Mammal - cat
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DOSE/DURATION :
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12700 ug/kg
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
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TYPE OF TEST :
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TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Inhalation
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - rat
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DOSE/DURATION :
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600 ug/m3/6H/13W-I
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes Blood - changes in other cell count (unspecified) Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - dehydrogenases
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TYPE OF TEST :
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TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Inhalation
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - rat
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DOSE/DURATION :
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30032 ug/m3/6H/12D-I
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - changes in lung weight
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TYPE OF TEST :
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TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Inhalation
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - rat
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DOSE/DURATION :
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200 mg/m3/24H/4W-C
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes Immunological Including Allergic - decrease in humoral immune response
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TYPE OF TEST :
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TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Inhalation
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - rat
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DOSE/DURATION :
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25 mg/m3/24H/4W-C
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes Immunological Including Allergic - decrease in humoral immune response
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TYPE OF TEST :
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TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Inhalation
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - rat
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DOSE/DURATION :
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200 ug/m3/24H/17W-C
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - changes in lung weight Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in bladder weight Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - phosphatases
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TYPE OF TEST :
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TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Inhalation
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - mouse
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DOSE/DURATION :
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2460 ug/m3/6H/13W-I
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes Blood - other changes Immunological Including Allergic - increase in humoral immune response
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TYPE OF TEST :
-
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Inhalation
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - mouse
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DOSE/DURATION :
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30032 ug/m3/6H/12D-I
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
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TYPE OF TEST :
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TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Inhalation
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - rat
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DOSE/DURATION :
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1250 ug/m3/6H/2Y-I
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors
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TYPE OF TEST :
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TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Intramuscular
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - rat
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DOSE/DURATION :
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71264 ug/kg
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Musculoskeletal - tumors Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application
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TYPE OF TEST :
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TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Intrapleural
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - rat
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DOSE/DURATION :
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40 mg/kg
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors
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TYPE OF TEST :
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TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Intratracheal
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - rat
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DOSE/DURATION :
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90 mg/kg
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors
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TYPE OF TEST :
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TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Implant
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - rat
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DOSE/DURATION :
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95 mg/kg/78W-C
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application
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TYPE OF TEST :
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TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Inhalation
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - mouse
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DOSE/DURATION :
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5 mg/m3/6H/2Y-I
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors
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TYPE OF TEST :
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TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Intramuscular
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - mouse
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DOSE/DURATION :
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400 mg/kg
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application
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TYPE OF TEST :
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TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Intramuscular
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - rat
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DOSE/DURATION :
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180 mg/kg
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Musculoskeletal - tumors Tumorigenic - tumors at site of application
MUTATION DATA
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TYPE OF TEST :
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Morphological transformation
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TEST SYSTEM :
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Rodent - hamster Kidney
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REFERENCE :
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IAPUDO IARC Publications. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.27- 1979- Volume(issue)/page/year: 53,193,1984 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3 DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 IARC Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 11,75,1976 IARC Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 49,257,1990 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ACLSCP Annals of Clinical and Laboratory Science. (1833 Delancey Pl., Philadelphia, PA 19103) V.1- 1971- Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,156,1973 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW FCTXAV Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. (London, UK) V.1-19, 1963-81. For publisher information, see FCTOD7. Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,105,1971 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW 85DHAX "Medical and Biologic Effects of Environmental Pollutants Series," Washington, DC, National Academy of Sciences, 1972-77 Volume(issue)/page/year: Ni,168,1975 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW DICHAK Diseases of the Chest. (Chicago, IL) V.1-56, 1935-69. For publisher information, see CHETBF. Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,527,1968 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3 DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,178,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3 CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-ARAB Republic of Egypt:TWA 0.1 mg(Ni)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3 (insoluble compounds) JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 0.05 mg(Ni)/m3;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3 (insoluble compounds) JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 0.1 mg(Ni)/m3;Skin;Carcinogen (insoluble compounds) JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-HUNGARY:STEL 0.005 mg(Ni)/m3;Carcinogen (insoluble compounds) JAN 1993 OEL-JAPAN:TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 0.1 mg(Ni)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3 (insoluble compounds) JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 0.05 mg(Ni)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 0.1 mg/m3;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 0.5 mg(Ni)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 0.5 mg(Ni)/m3 (insoluble compounds) JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 0.5 mg(Ni)/m3;Carcinogen JAN 1993 OEL-THAILAND:TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 0.5 mg(Ni)/m3 (insoluble compounds) JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 1 mg(Ni)/m3 JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO NICKEL, INORGANIC-air:10H CA TWA 0.015 mg(Ni)/m3 REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 84269 No. of Facilities: 311 (estimated) No. of Industries: 11 No. of Occupations: 14 No. of Employees: 4916 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 84269 No. of Facilities: 702 (estimated) No. of Industries: 22 No. of Occupations: 31 No. of Employees: 18166 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 5820 (estimated)
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