13478-18-7

• 常用中文名：氯化钼(III)
• 常用英文名：Molybdenum(III) chloride
• CAS号：13478-18-7
• 分子式：Cl₃Mo
• 分子量：202.299
• 相关类别： 无机化工 无机盐 金属卤化物及卤酸盐 金属氯化物及盐
• 发布时间：2018-08-24 15:17:47
• 更新时间：2026-07-08 08:37:45
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名称

• 中文名: 三氯化钼
• 英文名: molybdenum trichloride
• 中文别名: 三氯化钼 [氯化钼(III)]
• 英文别名: ybdenum(III) chL; Molybdenum(III) chloride, trace; MFCD00014214; MOLYBDENUM CHLORIDE; MOLYBDENUM (III) CHLORIDE; MOLYBDENUM TRICHLORIDE; molybdenumchloride(mocl3); MolybdenuM(III) chloride trace Metals basis; MOLYBDENUM CHLORIDE (III); MOLYBDENUM (III) CHLORIDE, MOLYBDENUM (III) CHLORIDE, MOLYBDENUM (III) CHLORIDE; trichloromolybdenum; Molybdenum(III)chloride; Molybdenum(III)chloride(-Mo); MoCl3; EINECS 236-775-9; Molybdenum(3+) trichloride; MOLYBDENUM (III) CHL; MOLYBDENUM(III) CHLORIDE; Einecs -9; trichloridomolybdenum

物化性质

• 密度: 3.58 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
• 熔点: 1027°C
• 分子式: Cl₃Mo
• 分子量: 202.299
• 精确质量: 202.811966
• LogP: 2.06850
• 外观性状: Powder | Dark red
• 蒸汽压: 33900mmHg at 25°C
• 储存条件:

  常温密闭，阴凉通风干燥惰性气体下

• 稳定性:

  常温常压下稳定

  避免的物料 水分/潮湿 空气 氧化物。

  MoCl3有两种晶形，即Cl原子处于六方密堆积和立方密堆积的排列中，其中成对的钼原子穿过一共用边，处于相邻八面体空穴中，其间距为0.276nm。这说明了MoCl3中有MoMo键的存在，同时磁性的测定结果也与此相符。二聚离子［Mo2Cl9］3-呈抗磁性，并可能具有像［W2Cl9］3-那样的结构，即由两个共享一个面的畸变的MoCl6八面体组成，其中金属金属键矩较短，也说明了存在金属金属键。

  当隔绝空气时这种暗红色的化合物是稳定的。它能被潮湿空气逐渐地水解和氧化。它不溶于水、稀盐酸、丙酮、四氯化碳和苯。它在乙醚、异丙醇和吡啶中有微小的溶解度，但是这个化合物能被稀硝酸完全溶解，或许是生成了某些更高度氧化的物种。差热分析研究表明氯化钼（Ⅲ）在温度高于410℃时歧化成MoCl2和MoCl4（冷却时生成MoCl3+MoCl5）［75］，α-MoCl3和β-MoCl3的结构（两者都是单斜晶系的）都曾被确定过
• 水溶解性: H2O: insoluble(lit.) | Soluble in nitric acid and sulfuric acid. Insoluble in water and dilute hydrochloric acid. Slightly soluble in ethanol and diethyl ether.
• 分子结构:

  1、摩尔折射率：无可用的

  2、摩尔体积（cm³/mol）：无可用的

  3、等张比容（90.2K）：无可用的

  4、表面张力（dyne/cm）：无可用的

  5、介电常数：无可用的

  6、极化率（10^-24cm³）：无可用的

  7、单一同位素质量：202.811965 Da

  8、标称质量：203 Da

  9、平均质量：202.299 Da

• 计算化学:

  1.疏水参数计算参考值（XlogP）:无

  2.氢键供体数量:0

  3.氢键受体数量:0

  4.可旋转化学键数量:0

  5.互变异构体数量:无

  6.拓扑分子极性表面积0

  7.重原子数量:4

  8.表面电荷:0

  9.复杂度:8

  10.同位素原子数量:0

  11.确定原子立构中心数量:0

  12.不确定原子立构中心数量:0

  13.确定化学键立构中心数量:0

  14.不确定化学键立构中心数量:0

  15.共价键单元数量:1

• 更多:

  1. 性状：紫铜色的单斜晶系结晶。

  2. 密度（g/mL,25/4℃）：3.74

  3. 相对蒸汽密度（g/mL,空气=1）：未确定

  4. 熔点（ºC）：未确定

  5. 沸点（ºC,常压）：未确定

  6. 沸点（ºC,5.2kPa）：未确定

  7. 折射率：未确定

  8. 闪点（ºC）：未确定

  9. 比旋光度（º）：未确定

  10. 自燃点或引燃温度（ºC）：未确定

  11. 蒸气压（kPa,25ºC）：未确定

  12. 饱和蒸气压（kPa,60ºC）：未确定

  13. 燃烧热（KJ/mol）：未确定

  14. 临界温度（ºC）：未确定

  15. 临界压力（KPa）：未确定

  16. 油水（辛醇/水）分配系数的对数值：未确定

  17. 爆炸上限（%,V/V）：未确定

  18. 爆炸下限（%,V/V）：未确定

  19. 溶解性：分解

MSDS

Section 1: Product Identification Chemical Name:Molybdenum(III) chloride (99.5%-Mo) CAS Registry Number:13478-18-7 Formula:MoCl3 EINECS Number:236-775-9 Chemical Family:metal halide Synonym:Molybdenum trichloride Section 2: Composition and Information on Ingredients IngredientCAS NumberPercentACGIH (TWA)OSHA (PEL) Title Compound13478-18-7100%0.5mg/m35mg/m3 Section 3: Hazards Identification Emergency Overview:Corrosive to skin, eyes and respiratory tract. Inhalation of dust leads to burning of the respiratory tract. Primary Routes of Exposure:Contact with skin and eyes. Inhalation of dust. Eye Contact:Corrosive to the eyes. Skin Contact:Causes burns to the skin. Inhalation:Inhalation of dust leads to chemical burns of the respiratory tract. Ingestion:No information is available on the physiological effects of ingestion. Acute Health Affects:Corrosive to skin, eyes and respiratory tract. Chronic Health Affects:No information available on long-term chronic effects. NTP:No IARC:No OSHA:No SECTION 4: First Aid Measures Immediately flush the eyes with copious amounts of water for at least 10-15 minutes. A victim may need Eye Exposure: assistance in keeping their eye lids open. Get immediate medical attention. Wash the affected area with water. Remove contaminated clothes if necessary. Seek medical assistance if Skin Exposure: irritation persists. Remove the victim to fresh air. Closely monitor the victim for signs of respiratory problems, such as difficulty Inhalation: in breathing, coughing, wheezing, or pain. In such cases seek immediate medical assistance. Seek medical attention immediately. Keep the victim calm. Give the victim water (only if conscious). Induce Ingestion: vomiting only if directed by medical personnel. SECTION 5: Fire Fighting Measures Flash Point:not applicable Autoignition Temperature:none Explosion Limits:none Extinguishing Medium:none required If involved in a fire, fire fighters should be equipped with a NIOSH approved positive pressure self-contained Special Fire Fighting Procedures: breathing apparatus and full protective clothing. Hazardous Combustion andnone Decomposion Products: Unusual Fire or Explosion Hazards: No unusual fire or explosion hazards. SECTION 6: Accidental Release Measures Small spills can be neutralized with powdered sodium bicarbonate, lime, or calcium carbonate and swept up. Spill and Leak Procedures:Large spills in areas not adequately ventilated will require an evacuation of site. Emergency response teams will require self-contained breathing apparatus. SECTION 7: Handling and Storage Handling and Storage:Store material in a tightly sealed container under an inert atmosphere of nitrogen or argon. SECTION 8: Exposure Controls and Personal Protection Eye Protection:Always wear approved safety glasses when handling a chemical substance in the laboratory. Skin Protection:Wear protective clothing gloves. Consult glove manufacturer to determine the proper type of glove. Ventilation:If possible, handle the material in an efficient fume hood. If in form of fine dust and ventilation is not available a respirator should be worn. The use of respirators Respirator: requires a Respirator Protection Program to be in compliance with 29 CFR 1910.134. Ventilation:If possible, handle the material in an efficient fume hood. Additional Protection:No additional protection required. SECTION 9: Physical and Chemical Properties Color and Form:-100 mesh purple xtl. Molecular Weight:202.32 Melting Point:dec. Boiling Point:no data Vapor Pressure:no data Specific Gravity:3.59 Odor:none Solubility in Water:reacts with water SECTION 10: Stability and Reactivity Stability:air sensitive, moisture sensitive Hazardous Polymerization:no hazardous polymerization Conditions to Avoid:contact with moisture Incompatibility:active metals Decomposition Products:none SECTION 11: Toxicological Information RTECS Data:Oral (insect-Drosophila melanogaster); Specific locus test: 10nmol/L. Carcinogenic Effects:no data Mutagenic Effects:Mutagen Tetratogenic Effects:no data SECTION 12: Ecological Information Ecological Information:No information available SECTION 13: Disposal Considerations Disposal:Dispose of according to local, state and federal regulations. SECTION 14: Transportation Shipping Name (CFR):Corrosive solids, N.O.S. Hazard Class (CFR):8 Additional Hazard Class (CFR):NA Packaging Group (CFR):II UN ID Number (CFR):UN# 1759 Shipping Name (IATA):Corrosive solid, N.O.S. Hazard Class (IATA):8 Additional Hazard Class (IATA):NA Packaging Group (IATA):II UN ID Number (IATA):UN# 1759 SECTION 15: Regulatory Information TSCA:Listed in the TSCA inventory. SARA (Title 313):Title compound not listed Second Ingredient:none SECTION 16 - ADDITIONAL INFORMATION N/A

毒性和生态

毒理学数据: 1、急性毒性：主要的刺激性影响： 在皮肤上面：在皮肤和粘膜上造成腐蚀性影响，刺激皮肤和粘膜； 在眼睛上面：强烈的腐蚀性影响，刺激的影响；没有已知的敏化影响。 生态学数据: 通常对水体是稍微有害的，不要将未稀释或大量产品接触地下水，水道或污水系统，未经政府许可勿将材料排入周围环境。 CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION RTECS NUMBER : QA4681400 CHEMICAL NAME : Molybdenum chloride (MoCl3) CAS REGISTRY NUMBER : 13478-18-7 LAST UPDATED : 199707 DATA ITEMS CITED : 2 MOLECULAR FORMULA : Cl3-Mo MOLECULAR WEIGHT : 202.29 HEALTH HAZARD DATA ACUTE TOXICITY DATA MUTATION DATA TEST SYSTEM : Insect - Drosophila melanogaster DOSE/DURATION : 10 mmol/L REFERENCE : MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 320,133,1994

安全

• 符号: GHS07
• 信号词: Warning
• 危害声明: H315-H319-H335
• 警示性声明: P261-P305 + P351 + P338
• 个人防护装备: dust mask type N95 (US);Eyeshields;Gloves
• 危害码 (欧洲): Xi: Irritant;
• 风险声明 (欧洲): R36/37/38
• 安全声明 (欧洲): S26;S37/S39
• 危险品运输编码: UN3260
• WGK德国: 3
• RTECS号: QA4681400
• 包装等级: III
• 危险类别: 8

合成路线

7782-50-5 7439-98-7 ~% 13478-18-7

文献：Ullmanns Encykl. Tech. Chem. 4th Ed., , vol. 17, p. 23 - 50 Mo: SVol.A3, 2.4.6.2, page 62 - 63

10241-05-1 ~% 13478-18-7

文献：Journal fuer Praktische Chemie (Leipzig), , vol. 71, p. 453 - 453

10241-05-1 7439-98-7 ~% 13478-18-7

文献：Mo: SVol.A3, 2.7.27, page 182 - 183

13320-71-3 ~% 10241-05-1 13478-18-7

文献：Chemiker-Zeitung, , vol. 12, p. 5 - 5 Mo: MVol., 56, page 162 - 164

7647-01-0 ~% 13478-18-7

文献：Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions: Inorganic Chemistry (1972-1999), , p. 1197 - 1198

30411-56-4 ~% 10241-05-1 13478-18-7

文献：European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, , # 10 p. 2699 - 2703

上下游产品

上游产品  6
7782-50-5 7439-98-7 10241-05-1 13320-71-3
7647-01-0 30411-56-4
下游产品  1
7439-98-7

制备

用金属钼和五氯化钼通过化学迁移反应进行合成。合成时，可使用如图所示的硼硅酸玻璃反应管。将直径为0.5mm的钼丝放入5中，加入的0.3g钼丝，仅相当于将反应管1、4处封闭时，每mL的容积加入0.3～06mg的量。往2处再加入0.2g的钼丝，然后用稀有气体置换反应管内的空气。从7处通入干燥氯气的同时，加热5处，则五氯化钼在2～3处析出。封闭1、6，用液氮冷却5处，使反应管内残存的氯气固化。随后封闭4处。将封管水平放置于由可独立控制温度的两部分组成的电炉中，使2处在450℃、3处在375℃下保持约10h，则于3处生成三氯化钼和四氯化钼的混合物。然后，使3处在400℃、2处在375℃下再保温10h，则在2处可得三氯化钼。最后，使2处于275℃、3处在室温下保温2～3h，以除去残存于2处的五氯化钼。要十分注意，所得的三氧化钼不可接触湿气，应在稀有气体或真空中进行处理。

图VI-4 合成三氯化钼的反应管

除此以外，也可采用400℃下用氢气还原气态五氯化钼的方法或把四氯化钼置真空封管中，在约300℃下使之发生歧化反应的方法，这些方法均可制得三氯化钼。