毒理学数据:
1、大鼠吸入(1h)LC50:6600mg/m3。ADI 0~70mg/kg(以SO2计,包括SO2和亚硫酸盐的总ADI;FAO/WHO,2001)。对眼及呼吸道黏膜有强烈的刺激作用。SO2在空气中浓度达0.04%~0.05%时,人就会中毒。
2、属中等毒类,易被湿润的黏膜表面吸收而生成亚硫酸,其中部分氧化为硫酸,故对呼吸道和眼有强烈的刺激作用。轻度中毒时发生流泪、畏光、咳嗽、鼻、咽、喉部灼烧样痛、声音嘶哑,甚至呼吸短促、胸闷、胸痛。有时还会出现恶心、呕吐、上腹痛、头痛、头昏、全身无力等症状。严重中毒时于数小时内发生肺水肿、呼吸困难、紫绀、支气管痉挛而引起急性肺气肿。空气中的浓度为7.86~13.1mg/m3时人可感觉到,52.4mg/m3时刺激眼黏膜,1048~1310mg/m3时短时间即有生命危险。最高容许浓度为20mg/m3。
3.急性毒性 LC50:6600mg/m3;2520ppm(大鼠吸入,1h)
4.刺激性家兔经眼:6ppm(4h),共32d,轻度刺激。
5.亚急性与慢性毒性 小鼠吸入本品5.24mg/m3,半年,出现免疫反应受抑制。
6.致突变性 DNA损伤:人淋巴细胞5700ppb。DNA抑制:人淋巴细胞5700ppb。细胞遗传学分析和姐妹染色单体交换:人多种接触途径42mg/m3。
7.致畸性 兔孕后6~18d吸入最低中毒剂量(TCLo)70ppm(7h),致肌肉骨骼系统发育畸形。
8.其他 大鼠吸入最低中毒浓度(TCLo):4mg/m3,(24h)(交配前72d),引起发情周期改变或失调,对分娩有影响,对雌性生育指数有影响。小鼠吸入最低中毒浓度(TCLo):25ppm(7h)(孕6~15d),引起胚胎毒性。
人吸入LCLo:1000ppm(10min);TCLo:3ppm(5d);400~500ppm,立即危及生命。
生态学数据:
1.生态毒性 暂无资料
2.生物降解性 暂无资料
3.非生物降解性 暂无资料
4.其他有害作用 该物质可严重污染大气,由其形成的酸与对植物的危害尤为严重。
CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION
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RTECS NUMBER :
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WS4550000
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CHEMICAL NAME :
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Sulfur dioxide
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
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7446-09-5
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LAST UPDATED :
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199712
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DATA ITEMS CITED :
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87
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MOLECULAR FORMULA :
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O2-S
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MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
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64.06
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WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
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S O2
HEALTH HAZARD DATA
ACUTE TOXICITY DATA
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TYPE OF TEST :
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Standard Draize test
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Administration into the eye
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - rabbit
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TYPE OF TEST :
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LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Inhalation
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Human
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DOSE/DURATION :
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1000 ppm/10M
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory depression
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TYPE OF TEST :
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TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Inhalation
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Human
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DOSE/DURATION :
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3 ppm/5D
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
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TYPE OF TEST :
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TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Inhalation
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Human
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DOSE/DURATION :
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12 ppm/1H
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
-
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
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TYPE OF TEST :
-
LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Inhalation
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Human
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DOSE/DURATION :
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3000 ppm/5M
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
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TYPE OF TEST :
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LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Inhalation
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - rat
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DOSE/DURATION :
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2520 ppm/1H
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
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TYPE OF TEST :
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LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Inhalation
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - mouse
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DOSE/DURATION :
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3000 ppm/30M
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay)
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TYPE OF TEST :
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LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Inhalation
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - guinea pig
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DOSE/DURATION :
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1039 ppm/24H
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
-
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
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TYPE OF TEST :
-
LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
-
Inhalation
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Amphibian - frog
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DOSE/DURATION :
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1 pph/15M
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
-
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
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TYPE OF TEST :
-
LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
-
Inhalation
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Mammal - species unspecified
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DOSE/DURATION :
-
3000 ppm/5M
-
TOXIC EFFECTS :
-
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
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TYPE OF TEST :
-
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
-
Inhalation
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - rat
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DOSE/DURATION :
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4910 ug/m3/6H/17W-I
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Blood - pigmented or nucleated red blood cells Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - cytochrome oxidases (including oxidative phosphorylation) Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - dehydrogenases
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TYPE OF TEST :
-
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Inhalation
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Rodent - rat
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DOSE/DURATION :
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500 ug/m3/96D-I
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Brain and Coverings - changes in surface EEG Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - xanthine, purine or nucleotides including urate
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TYPE OF TEST :
-
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
-
Inhalation
-
SPECIES OBSERVED :
-
Rodent - rat
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DOSE/DURATION :
-
400 ppm/3H/6W-I
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
-
Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi
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TYPE OF TEST :
-
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
-
Inhalation
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
-
Rodent - rat
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DOSE/DURATION :
-
10 ppm/24H/14D-I
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Behavioral - food intake (animal) Liver - other changes Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - lipids including transport
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TYPE OF TEST :
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TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Inhalation
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Mammal - dog
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DOSE/DURATION :
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1 ppm/90M/1Y-I
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi
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TYPE OF TEST :
-
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Inhalation
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
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Mammal - dog
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DOSE/DURATION :
-
500 ppm/2H/21W-I
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory depression
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TYPE OF TEST :
-
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
-
Inhalation
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
-
Rodent - rabbit
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DOSE/DURATION :
-
200 mg/m3/3H/13W-I
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Cardiac - other changes Liver - other changes Blood - hemorrhage
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TYPE OF TEST :
-
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
-
Inhalation
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
-
Rodent - guinea pig
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DOSE/DURATION :
-
10 ppm/1H/30D-I
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
-
Liver - other changes Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - lipids including transport
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TYPE OF TEST :
-
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
-
Inhalation
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SPECIES OBSERVED :
-
Rodent - mouse
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DOSE/DURATION :
-
500 ppm/5M/30W-I
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - tumors
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TYPE OF TEST :
-
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Inhalation
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DOSE :
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4 mg/m3/24H
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SEX/DURATION :
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female 72 day(s) pre-mating
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Reproductive - Maternal Effects - menstrual cycle changes or disorders Reproductive - Maternal Effects - parturition Reproductive - Fertility - female fertility index (e.g. # females pregnant per # sperm positive females; # females pregnant per # females mated)
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TYPE OF TEST :
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TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Inhalation
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DOSE :
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4 mg/m3/24H
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SEX/DURATION :
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female 72 day(s) pre-mating
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain) Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - delayed effects
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TYPE OF TEST :
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TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Inhalation
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DOSE :
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4970 ug/m3/12H
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SEX/DURATION :
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female 12 week(s) pre-mating
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Reproductive - Maternal Effects - menstrual cycle changes or disorders Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain)
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TYPE OF TEST :
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TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Inhalation
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DOSE :
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30 ppm/6H
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SEX/DURATION :
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male 21 week(s) pre-mating
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Reproductive - Paternal Effects - testes, epididymis, sperm duct
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TYPE OF TEST :
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TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Inhalation
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DOSE :
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25 ppm/7H
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SEX/DURATION :
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female 6-15 day(s) after conception
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
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TYPE OF TEST :
-
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
-
Inhalation
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DOSE :
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25 ppm/7H
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SEX/DURATION :
-
female 6-15 day(s) after conception
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
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TYPE OF TEST :
-
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
-
Inhalation
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DOSE :
-
32 ppm/24H
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SEX/DURATION :
-
female 7-18 day(s) after conception
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain) Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral
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TYPE OF TEST :
-
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
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ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
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Inhalation
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DOSE :
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70 ppm/7H
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SEX/DURATION :
-
female 6-18 day(s) after conception
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TOXIC EFFECTS :
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Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
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TYPE OF TEST :
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Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction
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TYPE OF TEST :
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Cytogenetic analysis
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TYPE OF TEST :
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Sister chromatid exchange
MUTATION DATA
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TYPE OF TEST :
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Cytogenetic analysis
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TEST SYSTEM :
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Mammal - cattle Cells - not otherwise specified
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REFERENCE :
-
MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 39,149,1977 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-Not classifiable as a human carcinogen DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-STEL 13 mg/m3 (5 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 5.2 mg/m3 (2 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 IARC Cancer Review:Animal Limited Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,131,1992 IARC Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,131,1992 IARC Cancer Review:Group 3 IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,131,1992 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW EVHPAZ EHP, Environmental Health Perspectives. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) No.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 11,163,1975 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information. Volume(issue)/page/year: PB228-002 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW EVHPAZ EHP, Environmental Health Perspectives. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) No.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 10,35,1975 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW GEIGAI Gendai Igaku. Current Medicine. (Aichi-ken Ishikai, 14-28, Sakae 4-chome, Naka-ku, Nagoya 460, Japan) V.1- 1950- Volume(issue)/page/year: 20,299,1973 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW AEHLAU Archives of Environmental Health. (Heldref Pub., 4000 Albemarle St., NW, Washington, DC 20016) V.1- 1960- Volume(issue)/page/year: 16,903,1968 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ENVRAL Environmental Research. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 16,139,1978 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW NTIS** National Technical Information Service. (Springfield, VA 22161) Formerly U.S. Clearinghouse for Scientific & Technical Information. Volume(issue)/page/year: CONF-691001 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW AMIHBC AMA Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Medicine. (Chicago, IL) V.2-10, 1950-54. For publisher information, see AEHLAU. Volume(issue)/page/year: 10,455,1954 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** EPA FIFRA 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,7740,1989 MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 5 ppm (13 mg/m3) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,238,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 5 ppm (13 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 5 ppm (13 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 5 ppm (13 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 5 ppm (13 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-ARAB Republic of Egypt:TWA 5 ppm (13 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 2 ppm (5 mg/m3);STEL 5 ppm (10 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 2 ppm (5.2 mg/m3);STEL 5 ppm (13 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 2 ppm (5 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 2 ppm (5 mg/m3);STEL 5 ppm (13 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 2 ppm (5 mg/m3);STEL 5 ppm (10 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 2 ppm (5 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-HUNGARY:TWA 3 mg/m3;STEL 6 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 2 ppm (5 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 5 ppm (13 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-POLAND:TWA 20 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 10 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 2 ppm (5 mg/m3);STEL 5 ppm (13 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 2 ppm (5 mg/m3);STEL 4 ppm (10 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THAILAND:TWA 5 ppm (13 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 5 ppm (13 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 2 ppm (5 mg/m3);STEL 5 ppm (13 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO SULFUR DIOXIDE-air:10H TWA 2 ppm;STEL 5 ppm REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 70860 No. of Facilities: 6399 (estimated) No. of Industries: 85 No. of Occupations: 61 No. of Employees: 51398 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 70860 No. of Facilities: 2465 (estimated) No. of Industries: 59 No. of Occupations: 58 No. of Employees: 55033 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 8990 (estimated)
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