| 中文名 |
溴酸钾
|
| 英文名 |
potassium bromate
|
| 英文别名 |
EINECS 231-829-8
MFCD00011359
Potassium bromate
|
| 密度 |
3.27
|
| 熔点 |
350 °C
|
| 分子式 |
BrKO3
|
| 分子量 |
167.001
|
| 精确质量 |
165.866776
|
| PSA |
57.20000
|
| LogP |
0.48920
|
| 外观性状 |
白色晶体,颗粒或粉末
|
| 储存条件 |
储存注意事项 储存于阴凉、通风的库房。远离火种、热源。库温不超过30℃,相对湿度不超过80%。包装密封。应与易(可)燃物、还原剂等分开存放,切忌混储。储区应备有合适的材料收容泄漏物。
|
| 稳定性 |
1.加热至370℃时分解,有氧气逸出;与还原性物质混合、撞击会发生爆炸。溶解度2.96g/100g水溶液(0℃),7.53(25℃),33.3(100℃)。
2.稳定性 稳定
3.禁配物 还原剂、易燃或可燃物、活性金属粉末、硫、磷等
4.避免接触的条件 摩擦、受热
5.聚合危害 不聚合
6.分解产物 溴化物、氧化钾
|
| 水溶解性 |
70 g/L (20 ºC)
|
| 分子结构 |
1、摩尔折射率:无可用的
2、摩尔体积(cm3/mol):无可用的
3、等张比容(90.2K):无可用的
4、表面张力(dyne/cm):无可用的
5、介电常数:无可用的
6、极化率(10-24cm3):无可用的
7、单一同位素质量:165.866781 Da
8、标称质量:166 Da
9、平均质量:167.0005 Da
|
| 更多 |
1.性状:无色三角晶体或白色晶状粉末
2.熔点(℃):350
3.沸点(℃):370(分解)
4.相对密度(水=1):3.27(17.5℃)
5.辛醇/水分配系数:-7.18
6.溶解性:溶于水,不溶于丙酮,微溶于乙醇。
|
毒理学数据:
1.急性毒性 LD50:157mg/kg(大鼠经口)
2.刺激性 暂无资料
3.致突变性 DNA损伤:大鼠腹腔内80mg/kg。细胞遗传学分析:大鼠经口3mmol/kg。姐妹染色单体交换:大鼠淋巴细胞3mmol/kg。
4.致癌性 IARC致癌性评价:G2B,可疑人类致癌物。
生态学数据:
1.生态毒性 暂无资料
2.生物降解性 暂无资料
3.非生物降解性 暂无资料
CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION
-
RTECS NUMBER :
-
EF8725000
-
CHEMICAL NAME :
-
Bromic acid, potassium salt
-
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
-
7758-01-2
-
LAST UPDATED :
-
199701
-
DATA ITEMS CITED :
-
32
-
MOLECULAR FORMULA :
-
Br-O3.K
-
MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
-
167.01
HEALTH HAZARD DATA
ACUTE TOXICITY DATA
-
TYPE OF TEST :
-
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
-
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
-
Oral
-
SPECIES OBSERVED :
-
Rodent - rat
-
DOSE/DURATION :
-
321 mg/kg
-
TOXIC EFFECTS :
-
Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory stimulation Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - body temperature decrease
-
TYPE OF TEST :
-
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
-
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
-
Intraperitoneal
-
SPECIES OBSERVED :
-
Rodent - rat
-
DOSE/DURATION :
-
50 mg/kg
-
TOXIC EFFECTS :
-
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
-
TYPE OF TEST :
-
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
-
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
-
Oral
-
SPECIES OBSERVED :
-
Rodent - mouse
-
DOSE/DURATION :
-
289 mg/kg
-
TOXIC EFFECTS :
-
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
-
TYPE OF TEST :
-
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
-
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
-
Intraperitoneal
-
SPECIES OBSERVED :
-
Rodent - mouse
-
DOSE/DURATION :
-
177 mg/kg
-
TOXIC EFFECTS :
-
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
-
TYPE OF TEST :
-
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
-
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
-
Oral
-
SPECIES OBSERVED :
-
Rodent - rat
-
DOSE/DURATION :
-
4200 mg/kg/13W-C
-
TOXIC EFFECTS :
-
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Gastrointestinal - tumors
-
TYPE OF TEST :
-
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
-
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
-
Oral
-
SPECIES OBSERVED :
-
Rodent - rat
-
DOSE/DURATION :
-
38500 mg/kg/2Y-C
-
TOXIC EFFECTS :
-
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - Kidney tumors
-
TYPE OF TEST :
-
TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
-
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
-
Oral
-
SPECIES OBSERVED :
-
Rodent - rat
-
DOSE/DURATION :
-
19635 mg/kg/2Y-C
-
TOXIC EFFECTS :
-
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - Kidney tumors Endocrine - thyroid tumors
-
TYPE OF TEST :
-
TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
-
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
-
Oral
-
SPECIES OBSERVED :
-
Rodent - rat
-
DOSE/DURATION :
-
19250 mg/kg/2Y-C
-
TOXIC EFFECTS :
-
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - Kidney tumors
-
TYPE OF TEST :
-
TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
-
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
-
Oral
-
SPECIES OBSERVED :
-
Rodent - rat
-
DOSE/DURATION :
-
10500 mg/kg/39W-C
-
TOXIC EFFECTS :
-
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Gastrointestinal - tumors Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - Kidney tumors
-
TYPE OF TEST :
-
TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
-
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
-
Oral
-
SPECIES OBSERVED :
-
Rodent - rat
-
DOSE/DURATION :
-
9625 mg/kg/2Y-C
-
TOXIC EFFECTS :
-
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - Kidney tumors Endocrine - thyroid tumors
-
TYPE OF TEST :
-
TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
-
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
-
Oral
-
SPECIES OBSERVED :
-
Rodent - rat
-
DOSE/DURATION :
-
9625 mg/kg/2Y-C
-
TOXIC EFFECTS :
-
Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - Kidney tumors
-
TYPE OF TEST :
-
TD - Toxic dose (other than lowest)
-
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
-
Oral
-
SPECIES OBSERVED :
-
Rodent - rat
-
DOSE/DURATION :
-
5460 mg/kg/2Y-C
-
TOXIC EFFECTS :
-
Tumorigenic - neoplastic by RTECS criteria Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - Kidney tumors
-
TYPE OF TEST :
-
Micronucleus test
-
TYPE OF TEST :
-
DNA damage
-
TYPE OF TEST :
-
Cytogenetic analysis
-
TYPE OF TEST :
-
Cytogenetic analysis
-
TYPE OF TEST :
-
Micronucleus test
-
TYPE OF TEST :
-
Micronucleus test
MUTATION DATA
-
TYPE OF TEST :
-
DNA damage
-
TEST SYSTEM :
-
Mammal - pig Kidney
-
DOSE/DURATION :
-
7500 umol/L
-
REFERENCE :
-
CRNGDP Carcinogenesis (London). (Oxford Univ. Press, Pinkhill House, Southfield Road, Eynsham, Oxford OX8 1JJ, UK) V.1- 1980- Volume(issue)/page/year: 16,335,1995 *** REVIEWS *** IARC Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 40,207,1986 IARC Cancer Review:Human No Adequate Data IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 40,207,1986 IARC Cancer Review:Group 2B IMSUDL IARC Monographs, Supplement. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) No.1- 1979- Volume(issue)/page/year: 7,56,1987 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 81949 No. of Facilities: 132 (estimated) No. of Industries: 6 No. of Occupations: 9 No. of Employees: 3252 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 81949 No. of Facilities: 1458 (estimated) No. of Industries: 10 No. of Occupations: 24 No. of Employees: 26562 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 11090 (estimated)
|
【方法一】
电解法将由溴素与氢氧化钾合成的溴化钾用蒸馏水溶解配成电解液,电解24h后出第一批粗品,以后每12h取一次粗品,粗品经水洗除去溴化钾后用蒸馏水溶解,加少量氢氧化钾调pH值为8,保温0.5 h后过滤,将澄清滤液在结晶器中冷至室温,经结晶、分离、干燥,制得溴酸钾产品。其
阳极Br-+6OH-→BrO3-+3H2O+6e
阴极6H++6e→3H2↑
KBr+3H2O→KBrO3+3H2↑
氯氧化法 石灰乳和溴素反应后通入氯气进行氯氧化反应,至pH值达6~7反应终止。除渣后,蒸发滤液。加入氯化钡溶液反应生成溴酸钡沉淀,将过滤后的沉淀加水悬浮,保持一定的温度加入碳酸钾进行复分解反应,粗品溴酸钾用少量蒸馏水多次洗涤后过滤、蒸发、冷却结晶、分离、干燥、粉碎,制得食用溴酸钾产品。其
6Ca(OH)2+6Br2→Ca(BrO3)3+5CaBr2+6H2O
CaBr2+6Cl2+6Ca(OH)2→Ca(BrO3)2+CaCl2+6H2O
Ca(BrO3)2+BaCl2→Ba(BrO3)2↓+CaCl2
Ba(BrO3)2+K2CO3→2KBrO3+BaCO3↓
【方法二】
由溴酸镁与氯化钾复分解而得: Mg(BrO3)2+2KCl→2KBrO3+MgCl2
将溴滴人氢氧化钾液中,可同时产生溴化钾和溴酸钾,再分别结晶而得(于沸水中重结晶)。
【方法三】
溴-氢氧化钾法
以工业溴素和氢氧化钾为原料,将氢氧化钾溶于1.4倍质量的水中,在不断的搅拌下通入溴,不久就析出白色沉淀即溴酸钾,继续加溴素至液体呈粉红色为止;冷却后分离出生成的溴化钾,再用水重结晶一次得成品溴酸钾。
6KOH+3Br2→5KBr+KbrO3+3H2O
溴酸钡法
在溴酸钡溶液中加入硫酸钾,经过滤除去硫酸钡沉淀,滤液冷却、结晶、干燥即得产品。
Ba(BrO3)2+K2SO4→2KbrO3+BaSO4↓
本网页内容来自不同专业数据源,如对内容有疑义,欢迎联系service1@chemsrc.com。