57-92-1

• 常用中文名：链霉素
• 常用英文名：streptomycin
• CAS号：57-92-1
• 分子式：C₂₁H₃₉N₇O₁₂
• 分子量：581.574
• 相关类别： 原料药 抗生素类药物 氨基糖苷类药
• 发布时间：2018-02-03 08:00:00
• 更新时间：2024-01-06 08:43:59
• 链霉素是一种有效的抗结核分枝杆菌的抗生素,用于结核病的研究。链霉素也是一种杀菌剂,可用于研究多种细菌感染。链霉素可以与核酸强烈结合,干扰和阻断蛋白质合成,同时允许RNA和DNA的持续合成。链霉素是培养基中常用的抗生素,也是神经元和心肌细胞拉伸激活和机械敏感离子通道的阻断剂[1][2][3]。

名称

• 中文名: 链霉素
• 英文名: streptomycin
• 中文别名: 2,4-二胍基-3,5,6-三羟基环已基5-脱氧-2-脱氧-2-甲胺基-2-L-吡喃葡萄基)-3-C-甲酰-β-L-来苏戊呋喃糖甙; 鏈黴素A
• 英文别名: Agrept; Neodiestreptopab; Streptomycin; streptomicina; N,N'-[(1R,2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-4-[[5-deoxy-2-O-[2-deoxy-2-(methylamino)-α-L-glucopyranosyl]-3-C-formyl-α-L-lyxofuranosyl]oxy]-2,5,6-trihydroxy-1,3-cyclohexanediyl]bis[guanidine]; O-2-deoxy-2-methylamino-α-L-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-O-5-deoxy-3-C-formyl-α-L-lyxofuranosyl-(1→4)-N1,N3-diamidino-D-streptamine; STREPTOMYCIN A; 1,1’-{1-D-(1,3,5/2,4,6)-4-[5-deoxy-2-O-(2-deoxy-2-methylamino-α-L-glucopyranosyl)-3-C-formyl-α-L-lyxofuranosyloxy]-2,5,6-trihydroxycyclohex-1,3-ylene}diguanidine; 8th edition; Agrimycin

物化性质

• 密度: 2.0±0.1 g/cm3
• 沸点: 872.9±75.0 °C at 760 mmHg
• 分子式: C₂₁H₃₉N₇O₁₂
• 分子量: 581.574
• 闪点: 481.7±37.1 °C
• 精确质量: 581.265686
• PSA: 331.43000
• LogP: -2.53
• 外观性状: 结晶粉末
• 蒸汽压: 0.0±0.6 mmHg at 25°C
• 折射率: 1.762
• 储存条件: 库房通风低温干燥,与食品原料分开储运
• 稳定性:

  链霉素为白色无定形粉末，有吸湿性。易溶于水，不溶于大多数有机溶剂，强酸、强碱条件下不稳定。硫酸链霉素制剂外观为黄色粉末，密度0.38g/L,pH1.5～3.5，易溶于水，呈微酸性，在中性和酸性条件下稳定，碱性条件下易失效。

• 分子结构:

  1、 摩尔折射率：120.50

  2、 摩尔体积（cm³/mol）：288.1

  3、 等张比容（90.2K）：895.7

  4、 表面张力（dyne/cm）：93.4

  5、 极化率（10-24cm3）：47.77

生物活性

• 描述: 链霉素是一种有效的抗结核分枝杆菌的抗生素,用于结核病的研究。链霉素也是一种杀菌剂,可用于研究多种细菌感染。链霉素可以与核酸强烈结合,干扰和阻断蛋白质合成,同时允许RNA和DNA的持续合成。链霉素是培养基中常用的抗生素,也是神经元和心肌细胞拉伸激活和机械敏感离子通道的阻断剂[1][2][3]。
• 相关类别:
  研究领域 >> 感染
  研究领域 >> 神经疾病
  信号通路 >> 抗感染 >> 细菌
• 体外研究: 链霉素是低渗诱导的钙离子进入和氯离子释放的有效抑制剂− 通道活动[3]。
• 参考文献:

  [1]. J DAVIES, et al. STREPTOMYCIN, SUPPRESSION, AND THE CODE. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1964 May;51(5):883-90.

  [2]. Deisy M G C Rocha, et al. The Neglected Contribution of Streptomycin to the Tuberculosis Drug Resistance Problem. Genes (Basel). 2021 Dec 17;12(12):2003.

  [3]. Mandeep Singh, et al. Streptomycin sulphate loaded solid lipid nanoparticles show enhanced uptake in macrophage, lower MIC in Mycobacterium and improved oral bioavailability. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2021 Mar;160:100-124.

毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION RTECS NUMBER : WK4375000 CHEMICAL NAME : Streptomycin CAS REGISTRY NUMBER : 57-92-1 BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. : 0074498 LAST UPDATED : 199612 DATA ITEMS CITED : 54 MOLECULAR FORMULA : C21-H39-N7-O12 MOLECULAR WEIGHT : 581.67 WISWESSER LINE NOTATION : T6OTJ CM1 DQ EQ F1Q BO- CT5OTJ DVH DQ E1 BO- AL6TJ BQ CQ CMYZUM EQ FMYZUM HEALTH HAZARD DATA ACUTE TOXICITY DATA TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Human DOSE/DURATION : 400 mg/kg/28D-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Sense Organs and Special Senses (Ear) - changes in vestibular functions TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal SPECIES OBSERVED : Human DOSE/DURATION : 143 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Vascular - BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory depression Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Parenteral SPECIES OBSERVED : Human DOSE/DURATION : 28 mg/kg/D TOXIC EFFECTS : Blood - eosinophilia TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 9 gm/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 600 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 175 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 500 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 525 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 520 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 90200 ug/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Unreported SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 90 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog DOSE/DURATION : 300 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous SPECIES OBSERVED : Primate - monkey DOSE/DURATION : 400 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - cat DOSE/DURATION : 2 gm/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - cat DOSE/DURATION : 600 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - cat DOSE/DURATION : 150 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit DOSE/DURATION : 600 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit DOSE/DURATION : 175 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - guinea pig DOSE/DURATION : 600 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog DOSE/DURATION : 1 gm/kg/20D-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - proteinuria Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - other proteins TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intramuscular SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog DOSE/DURATION : 1 gm/kg/20D-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - proteinuria Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - other proteins TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intramuscular SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - guinea pig DOSE/DURATION : 5600 mg/kg/14D-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - effect, not otherwise specified TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Unreported DOSE : 620 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 23-39 week(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - eye/ear TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Unreported DOSE : 320 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 6-14 week(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - eye/ear Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - other postnatal measures or effects TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous DOSE : 22500 ug/kg SEX/DURATION : female 6-14 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Fertility - litter size (e.g. # fetuses per litter; measured before birth) TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous DOSE : 225 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 6-14 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous DOSE : 1125 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 6-14 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous DOSE : 65 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 1 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Fertility - litter size (e.g. # fetuses per litter; measured before birth) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - extra-embryonic structures (e.g., placenta, umbilical cord) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal DOSE : 1750 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 12-18 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - eye/ear TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous DOSE : 25 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 14 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain) Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - physical TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Unreported DOSE : 400 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 9-11 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death MUTATION DATA TYPE OF TEST : Cytogenetic analysis TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - mouse Mammary gland DOSE/DURATION : 10 mmol/L/24H (Continuous) REFERENCE : JTSCDR Journal of Toxicological Sciences. (Japanese Soc. of Toxicological Sciences, 4th Floor, Gakkai Center Bldg., 4-16, Yayoi 2-chome, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan) V.1- 1976- Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,141,1980 *** REVIEWS *** TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CLANA4 Clinical Anesthesia. (Philadelphia, PA 19103) V.1-11, 1963-76. Volume(issue)/page/year: 10(Pt 1),283,1973 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW PLMJAP Pahlavi Medical Journal. (Shiraz, Iran) V.1-9, 1970-78. Volume(issue)/page/year: 6,160,1975 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MMWOAU Muenchener Medicinische Wochenschrift. (Munich, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.33-115, 1886-1973. Volume(issue)/page/year: 115,1661,1973 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MMWOAU Muenchener Medicinische Wochenschrift. (Munich, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.33-115, 1886-1973. Volume(issue)/page/year: 115,1685,1973 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW INTEAG Internist. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094) V.1- 1960- Volume(issue)/page/year: 15,7,1974 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CLPTAT Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics (St. Louis). (C.V. Mosby Co., 11830 Westline Industrial Dr., St. Louis, MO 63146) V.1- 1960- Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,480,1964 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ARVPAX Annual Review of Pharmacology. (Palo Alto, CA) V.1-15, 1961-75. For publisher information, see ARPTDI. Volume(issue)/page/year: 5,447,1965 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ADVPA3 Advances in Pharmacology. (New York, NY) V.1-6, 1962-68. For publisher information, see AVPCAQ. Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,263,1966 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW JOPDAB Journal of Pediatrics. (C.V. Mosby Co., 11830 Westline Industrial Dr., St. Louis, MO 63141) V.1- 1932- Volume(issue)/page/year: 59,1,1961 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW BMJOAE British Medical Journal. (British Medical Assoc., BMA House, Tavistock Sq., London WC1H 9JR, UK) V.1- 1857- Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,260,1965 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** EPA FIFRA 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,7740,1989 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X3555 No. of Facilities: 272 (estimated) No. of Industries: 3 No. of Occupations: 7 No. of Employees: 8273 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 7449 (estimated)

安全

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• 海关编码: 2941200000

海关

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